©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3:09PM.
Unc exss 181 Final Exam Questions And
Answers |Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass.
4 steps of PST program - Answer✔1. Education and assessment: teach importance
2. Acquisition: create strategies for learning skills
3. Practice:
4. Evaluation: did it work?
Sport and Exercise Psychology - Answer✔The scientific study of human behavior in sport and
exercise, and the practical application of that knowledge
Overtraining - Answer✔- Part of training cycle (overload) in which training is raised and then
lowered to make the body more fit
- Short cycle of high levels of training that are near or at maximal capacity
Why are the phases of PST programs described as a circular process? - Answer✔you always
reassess at the end and try again
3 roles of sport psychologists - Answer✔-Research (plan, design, implement, and evaluate
research);
-Teaching (university courses);
-Consulting (help individuals and teams improve performance)
Staleness - Answer✔- A state in which the athlete has difficulty maintaining standard training
regimens and can no longer achieve previous performance results
- Physical and emotional lull
- Early sign of burnout
What is the ultimate goal of PST? - Answer✔Self Regulation: the ability to work towards one's
short and long term goals by effectively motion and managing one's thoughts, feelings, and
behaviors.
1
, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3:09PM.
2 major types of questions in the field? - Answer✔-Understanding the effects of psychological
factors on sport/physical activity behavior and performance
-Understanding the effects of participating in sport/physical activity on psychological
development, health, and well-being
Burnout - Answer✔- Multidimensional cognitive-affective syndrome characterized by
dimensions of physical and emotional exhaustion, reduced sense of personal accomplishment,
devaluation of sport context
- Largely conceptualized as a response to chronic negative stress
What are self-regulations 5 stages? - Answer✔1. Problem Identification
2. Commitment
3. Execution
4. Environmental management
5. Generalization
What does B= f(P,E) mean? - Answer✔Behavior is a function of both the person and his/her
environment
-Is dynamic; precise prediction difficult; need to understand both person and context
3 Characteristics/Dimensions of Burnout - Answer✔- Physical and emotional exhaustion
- Reduced sense of personal accomplishment
- Devaluation of sport context
Who is at the highest risk of burnout? - Answer✔- Perfectionism
- Type A
- High trait anxiety
- Low self-confidence
- Being overly other-oriented
Who are the main historical figures? What did they do? - Answer✔--Norman Triplett: key figure
in history of social, sport, and exercise psychology; studied social facilitation of bikers; tested
whether bikers rode faster when in groups than alone
--Coleman Griffith: "Father of Modern Sport Psychology"; first research lab; 25 research articles
What are common problems in implementing PST programs? - Answer✔1. Lack of conviction
2
, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3:09PM.
2. Lack of time
3. Lack of sport knowledge (by consultant)
4. Lack of follow-up (athlete and consultant)
What are the differences between the 3 methods of arousal control? - Answer✔1. Deep
breathing: simple breathing out releases tension
2. PMR: contracting and relaxing releases tension
3. Autogenic training: producing sensations in your body releases tension
6 periods of sports psychology - Answer✔--Early years(1895-1920): characterized by isolated
studies
--Griffith Era(1921-1938): sport psychology labs and psychological testing took place; Coleman
Griffith became the first American to specialize in the area; lab at University of Illinois
--Preparation for Future(1939-1965): characterized by the field's scientific development
attributable to the educational efforts of Franklin Henry
--Establishment of Academic Branch(1966-1977): sport and exercise psychology became a
valued component of the academic discipline of physical education
--Multidisciplinary Research(1978-2000): multidisciplinary science and practice, characterized
by tremendous growth as the field became more accepted and respected by the public
--Contemporary(2000-present): distinguished by continued growth worldwide, considerable
diverse research, and interest in application and consulting
Physical/Psychological Responses to Burnout - Answer✔- Tension
- State anxiety
- Anger
- Depression
- Insomnia
- Negative self-talk
What is the advantage of the deep breathing technique? - Answer✔It is easy and effective
- it is also very quick so you can use it during breaks
Identify and explain 3 ways of knowing. Advantages/disadvantages of each? - Answer✔-
Common sense (intuition, speculation); strength= easy and quick; limitations= not based on
experience or data
3
, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3:09PM.
-Practical experience (observations, case studies); strengths= immediate, innovative;
limitations= fails to explain mechanisms, susceptible to bias
-Science (controlled, empirical investigations); strengths= reliable, objective; limitations=
reductionistic, slow to evolve
Stress Model of Burnout - Answer✔- Commitment & Entrapment Theory
- Participate because they "have to" not "want to" because of: social pressures; lack of
attractive alternatives; large investments
What are two assumptions of PMR? - Answer✔1. tension and relaxation cannot occur
simultaneously
2. relaxation of muscles contributes to relaxation of the mind
4 steps of scientific method? - Answer✔-Develop the problem (what is the purpose;
independent/dependent variables)
-Formulate hypotheses (must be testable)
-Gather data
-Analyze and interpret results
Non-Stressed Model of Burnout - Answer✔- Identity & Control Model
- Stress is a symptom of burnout NOT the driving force
- Burnout in young athletes is not about individual response to participation but about
fundamental structure of sport
Socialization - Answer✔- A continuous process whereby individuals learn skills, behaviors,
attitudes, and values that cause or enable them to function in their group or culture
What are the sensations that we focus on in Autogenic training - Answer✔1. Heaviness in
extremities*
2. Warmth in extremities*
3. Regulation in HR
4. Regulation in breathing
5. Abdominal warmth
6. Cool forehead
4
Unc exss 181 Final Exam Questions And
Answers |Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass.
4 steps of PST program - Answer✔1. Education and assessment: teach importance
2. Acquisition: create strategies for learning skills
3. Practice:
4. Evaluation: did it work?
Sport and Exercise Psychology - Answer✔The scientific study of human behavior in sport and
exercise, and the practical application of that knowledge
Overtraining - Answer✔- Part of training cycle (overload) in which training is raised and then
lowered to make the body more fit
- Short cycle of high levels of training that are near or at maximal capacity
Why are the phases of PST programs described as a circular process? - Answer✔you always
reassess at the end and try again
3 roles of sport psychologists - Answer✔-Research (plan, design, implement, and evaluate
research);
-Teaching (university courses);
-Consulting (help individuals and teams improve performance)
Staleness - Answer✔- A state in which the athlete has difficulty maintaining standard training
regimens and can no longer achieve previous performance results
- Physical and emotional lull
- Early sign of burnout
What is the ultimate goal of PST? - Answer✔Self Regulation: the ability to work towards one's
short and long term goals by effectively motion and managing one's thoughts, feelings, and
behaviors.
1
, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3:09PM.
2 major types of questions in the field? - Answer✔-Understanding the effects of psychological
factors on sport/physical activity behavior and performance
-Understanding the effects of participating in sport/physical activity on psychological
development, health, and well-being
Burnout - Answer✔- Multidimensional cognitive-affective syndrome characterized by
dimensions of physical and emotional exhaustion, reduced sense of personal accomplishment,
devaluation of sport context
- Largely conceptualized as a response to chronic negative stress
What are self-regulations 5 stages? - Answer✔1. Problem Identification
2. Commitment
3. Execution
4. Environmental management
5. Generalization
What does B= f(P,E) mean? - Answer✔Behavior is a function of both the person and his/her
environment
-Is dynamic; precise prediction difficult; need to understand both person and context
3 Characteristics/Dimensions of Burnout - Answer✔- Physical and emotional exhaustion
- Reduced sense of personal accomplishment
- Devaluation of sport context
Who is at the highest risk of burnout? - Answer✔- Perfectionism
- Type A
- High trait anxiety
- Low self-confidence
- Being overly other-oriented
Who are the main historical figures? What did they do? - Answer✔--Norman Triplett: key figure
in history of social, sport, and exercise psychology; studied social facilitation of bikers; tested
whether bikers rode faster when in groups than alone
--Coleman Griffith: "Father of Modern Sport Psychology"; first research lab; 25 research articles
What are common problems in implementing PST programs? - Answer✔1. Lack of conviction
2
, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3:09PM.
2. Lack of time
3. Lack of sport knowledge (by consultant)
4. Lack of follow-up (athlete and consultant)
What are the differences between the 3 methods of arousal control? - Answer✔1. Deep
breathing: simple breathing out releases tension
2. PMR: contracting and relaxing releases tension
3. Autogenic training: producing sensations in your body releases tension
6 periods of sports psychology - Answer✔--Early years(1895-1920): characterized by isolated
studies
--Griffith Era(1921-1938): sport psychology labs and psychological testing took place; Coleman
Griffith became the first American to specialize in the area; lab at University of Illinois
--Preparation for Future(1939-1965): characterized by the field's scientific development
attributable to the educational efforts of Franklin Henry
--Establishment of Academic Branch(1966-1977): sport and exercise psychology became a
valued component of the academic discipline of physical education
--Multidisciplinary Research(1978-2000): multidisciplinary science and practice, characterized
by tremendous growth as the field became more accepted and respected by the public
--Contemporary(2000-present): distinguished by continued growth worldwide, considerable
diverse research, and interest in application and consulting
Physical/Psychological Responses to Burnout - Answer✔- Tension
- State anxiety
- Anger
- Depression
- Insomnia
- Negative self-talk
What is the advantage of the deep breathing technique? - Answer✔It is easy and effective
- it is also very quick so you can use it during breaks
Identify and explain 3 ways of knowing. Advantages/disadvantages of each? - Answer✔-
Common sense (intuition, speculation); strength= easy and quick; limitations= not based on
experience or data
3
, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3:09PM.
-Practical experience (observations, case studies); strengths= immediate, innovative;
limitations= fails to explain mechanisms, susceptible to bias
-Science (controlled, empirical investigations); strengths= reliable, objective; limitations=
reductionistic, slow to evolve
Stress Model of Burnout - Answer✔- Commitment & Entrapment Theory
- Participate because they "have to" not "want to" because of: social pressures; lack of
attractive alternatives; large investments
What are two assumptions of PMR? - Answer✔1. tension and relaxation cannot occur
simultaneously
2. relaxation of muscles contributes to relaxation of the mind
4 steps of scientific method? - Answer✔-Develop the problem (what is the purpose;
independent/dependent variables)
-Formulate hypotheses (must be testable)
-Gather data
-Analyze and interpret results
Non-Stressed Model of Burnout - Answer✔- Identity & Control Model
- Stress is a symptom of burnout NOT the driving force
- Burnout in young athletes is not about individual response to participation but about
fundamental structure of sport
Socialization - Answer✔- A continuous process whereby individuals learn skills, behaviors,
attitudes, and values that cause or enable them to function in their group or culture
What are the sensations that we focus on in Autogenic training - Answer✔1. Heaviness in
extremities*
2. Warmth in extremities*
3. Regulation in HR
4. Regulation in breathing
5. Abdominal warmth
6. Cool forehead
4
