CCDS IBHRE Questions with Detailed Verified Answers (100% Correct Answers) /Already Graded A+

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CCDS IBHRE Questions with Detailed Verified
Answers (100% Correct Answers) /Already Graded
A+
Quiz: Rheobase

Ans: the lowest point on a strength duration curve at an infinitely long pulse
duration



Quiz: Chronaxie time

Ans: the pulse width at twice the rheobase value. It approximates the most
efficient stimulation pulse duration



Quiz: Charge (formula)

Ans: Charge= I(current) x T(time)



Quiz: Furman's formula

Ans: Energy(microjoules)= I(current)xV(voltage)xT(pulse width)



Quiz: Ohms law formula

Ans: Voltage(electromotive force)= I(current/flow of electrons) x
R(resistance to current flow in ohms)



Quiz: Functional Refractory Period

Ans: the coupling interval which first results in a measurable degree of delay
in impulse conduction




18:36:59

,Quiz: Effective Refractory Period

Ans: the longest coupling interval to be associated with block



Quiz: Devices with NO interaction with pacers

Ans: 1. microwave oven, 2. CT scan/Ultrasound 3. X-rays (diagnostic)



Quiz: Devices that cause transient or 1 beat inhibition

Ans: 1. EAS 2. Cellphones 3. Arc Welding 4. airport metal detector 5. TENS 6.
Electric appliances such as electric blanket & power tools



Quiz: Devices that may damage the pacemaker

Ans: 1. MRI 2. Defibrillator 3. Cardioversion 4. Cautery/RF Ablation 5.
Radiation Therapy



Quiz: Resistance in Series

Ans: Series means the beginning of one resistance is connected to another


Sum the resistances: R1+R2= total resistance. EX: A LEAD FRACTURE (fractures
INCREASE impedance)



Quiz: Resistance in Parallel

Ans: Parallel means all the resistances are connected to the same point.


(R1xR2)/(R1+R2)= total resistance


EX: LEAD INSULATION DEFECTS (insulation defects DECREASE impedance)


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,Quiz: Permanent pacemakers are constant voltage or constant

current?

Ans: ALL permanent pacemakers are constant voltage devices.


SOME temp pacemakers are constant voltage, most are constant current.



Quiz: LOAD

Ans: Load refers to impedance (or resistance) applied to a circuit.


A system with a SMALL load (low impedance) applied to the circuit is said to
be a constant current device


A system with LARGE load is said to be a constant voltage device



Quiz: Guidelines for Permanent Pacing

Ans: 1. Patient is symptomatic
2. The heart rate is less than 40 bpm
3. Asystole of greater than 3 seconds is documented


NOTE: Pt may be asymptomatic with 2 or 3



Quiz: Slew Rate

Ans: Slew rate = peak slope of an electrogram


slew rate= change in voltage/ change in time




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, Quiz: Normal slew rate in atrium

Ans: >.3 V/s



Quiz: Normal slew rate in ventricle

Ans: >.5V/s



Quiz: Steroid used in electrodes

Ans: dexamethasone sodium phosphate in the silicone core(a
corticosteriod)



Quiz: Steroid-Eluting Electrodes

Ans: 1. The acute threshold is relatively flat compared to non-steroid
electrodes
2. The initial capture threshold is similar to non-steroid leads



Quiz: Silicone Rubber lead insulation Pros

Ans: 1. Can easily be repaired
2. Flexible
3. Proven performance history
4. Easy to make



Quiz: Silicone Rubber lead insulation cons

Ans: 1. high friction coefficient
2. Absorbs lipids
3. More thrombogenic and fibrotic
4. Cuts easily


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