Bio 1500 Final Exam (Mizzou)
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
dragon fly size - ✔✔-high O2 levels in carboniferous allowed them to grow big
-later in history predators constrained the max size
O2 levels in atomosphere - ✔✔cyanobacteria and green algae chloroplasts
contributed.... through photosynthesis
oldest fossils - ✔✔3.5-4 bya
1st insects - ✔✔480 mya
1st dinosaurs - ✔✔240 mya
dinosaurs go extinct - ✔✔66 mya
1st homosapiens - ✔✔200k ya
diffusion - ✔✔mvmt of molecules from high to low concentration
-driven by Brownian (thermal) mvmts
each molecule during diffusion - ✔✔-moves randomly
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,-behavior unpredictable
-each individual molecule never stops moving
net movement of molecules in diffusion - ✔✔-from high to low conc.
-predictable
-stops when it reaches equlibrium
Photosynthesis - ✔✔-light energy is used to make carbs from CO2 and water
-takes place in chloroplasts
chloroplasts - ✔✔-contain the pigment chlorophyll
-chlorophyll absorbs red, blue, & violet light
step 1 of photosynthesis - ✔✔-light reactions
-ATP is synthesized, NADPH is generated
-water is split apart, releasing O2 as a by product
ATP - ✔✔-used to transport E around cells
-chemical E stored in the bonds
-important bonds between 2nd and 3rd phosphate group
-going to lower energy state breaks bonds and releases the energy
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, step 2 of photosynthesis - ✔✔-light independent reactions
-E from ATP & NADPH are used to build glucose from CO2 & water (Carbon Cycle)
Great Oxygenation Event - ✔✔-3 -2.3 bya
-cyanobacteria evolved photosynthesis
-free O2 as a side effect... led to some O2 levels in atmosphere
O2 accumulation in atmosphere - ✔✔-minerals formed (ex: banded iron ore)
-ozone layer formed (protection from UV light)
-free O2 toxic to cells
-O2 reacted with methane.... led to snowball ice age
-prokaryotes evolved ways to use O2... evolution of cellular respiration
Evolution - ✔✔-a change in allele frequencies in a population
-natural selection is one of the mechanisms
gene - ✔✔-a segment of DNA w/ instructions for building a protein molecule
-specifies the sequence of amino acids that makeup the protein
alleles - ✔✔-different possible forms of the same gene
-differ in DNA sequence & in protein structure they code for
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Questions and Answers 100% Pass
dragon fly size - ✔✔-high O2 levels in carboniferous allowed them to grow big
-later in history predators constrained the max size
O2 levels in atomosphere - ✔✔cyanobacteria and green algae chloroplasts
contributed.... through photosynthesis
oldest fossils - ✔✔3.5-4 bya
1st insects - ✔✔480 mya
1st dinosaurs - ✔✔240 mya
dinosaurs go extinct - ✔✔66 mya
1st homosapiens - ✔✔200k ya
diffusion - ✔✔mvmt of molecules from high to low concentration
-driven by Brownian (thermal) mvmts
each molecule during diffusion - ✔✔-moves randomly
100% Pass Guarantee Sophia Bennett, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
,-behavior unpredictable
-each individual molecule never stops moving
net movement of molecules in diffusion - ✔✔-from high to low conc.
-predictable
-stops when it reaches equlibrium
Photosynthesis - ✔✔-light energy is used to make carbs from CO2 and water
-takes place in chloroplasts
chloroplasts - ✔✔-contain the pigment chlorophyll
-chlorophyll absorbs red, blue, & violet light
step 1 of photosynthesis - ✔✔-light reactions
-ATP is synthesized, NADPH is generated
-water is split apart, releasing O2 as a by product
ATP - ✔✔-used to transport E around cells
-chemical E stored in the bonds
-important bonds between 2nd and 3rd phosphate group
-going to lower energy state breaks bonds and releases the energy
100% Pass Guarantee Sophia Bennett, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
, step 2 of photosynthesis - ✔✔-light independent reactions
-E from ATP & NADPH are used to build glucose from CO2 & water (Carbon Cycle)
Great Oxygenation Event - ✔✔-3 -2.3 bya
-cyanobacteria evolved photosynthesis
-free O2 as a side effect... led to some O2 levels in atmosphere
O2 accumulation in atmosphere - ✔✔-minerals formed (ex: banded iron ore)
-ozone layer formed (protection from UV light)
-free O2 toxic to cells
-O2 reacted with methane.... led to snowball ice age
-prokaryotes evolved ways to use O2... evolution of cellular respiration
Evolution - ✔✔-a change in allele frequencies in a population
-natural selection is one of the mechanisms
gene - ✔✔-a segment of DNA w/ instructions for building a protein molecule
-specifies the sequence of amino acids that makeup the protein
alleles - ✔✔-different possible forms of the same gene
-differ in DNA sequence & in protein structure they code for
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