Biology 212 Final Exam Questions and
Answers
highest ANSWERS In animal cells water moves to where the solute
concentration is __________.
Homeostasis ANSWERS The maintenance of body conditions within a narrow
range.
Saper Paper ANSWERS Hypothesis: "In the Conti et al. experiments, the
hypothermic transgenic mice showed no change in food intake or physical
activity, but their body weight did increase, presumably due to a lower basal
metabolic rate."
The activity of the Orexin::UCP engineered mice was = the activity of wild type
mice, as measured by locomotor counts.
Engineered mice did not differ from wild type in calorie intake or activity level. All
mice were raised at 25°c, given the same amount of food, and raised in the same
cage types.
the net of the combined influences of charge and
concentration are pushing the ion into the cell. ANSWERS Because the cation
is entering the cell it MUST be true that...
,substrate; enzyme ANSWERS An increase in _________ allows a(n)
__________ to work faster because it can find and bind to it faster.
Km ANSWERS The amount of substrate needed for an enzyme to run at ½
Vmax. A measure of the affinity of an enzyme for substrate (low __________
represents high affinity).
Vmax ANSWERS A measure of enzyme activity (product made/unit time).
endotherms ANSWERS Temperature regulators that use metabolic processes
and behavior to regulate body temps are called __________.
Ectotherms ANSWERS Temperature conformers that use behavior to control
body temperature, but not metabolic processes.
10x ANSWERS Endotherms have a basal metabolic rate that is about
_________ as high as a similarly-sized ectotherm. They can do about __________
the amount of sustained work as well.
Thermoneutral Range ANSWERS These are the values of the X-axis for the
horizontal part of the curve. The temperature range at which the animal can
maintain body temperature without added energy costs.
Aerobic Scope ANSWERS The ratio of Metabolic rate between the basal and
maximum sustainable metabolic rates. As a rule of thumb, the maximum MR is
, 10x the basal MR. This makes sense because both the cost of maintaining basal
metabolism and the potential output of metabolism are dictated by the amount
of mitochondrial machinery in the cells of the animal.
ATP; PFK; AMP ANSWERS The __________ feedback that slows down
glycolysis, which slows down ATP production, so that ATP levels fall. It is a
negative feedback loop because when ATP levels fall ATP no longer inhibits
__________. The __________ feedback loop that speeds glycolysis when ATP
levels are low.
ATP; PFK; AMP; PFK; AMP; AMP ANSWERS If __________ is abundant, it
directly interacts with and reduces the rate of the rate limiting enzyme of
glycolysis, which is called __________. ! In contrast, when __________ is
abundant it speeds __________ up. __________ is abundant when much of the
ATP has been used up - high __________ is a sign of too little ATP.
uncoupler protein (UPC) ANSWERS The __________ allows metabolism to
increase without an increase in ATP manufacture. ___________ activity increases
PFK activity.
Metabolic Thermogenisis ANSWERS A mechanism that allows a cell to burn
fuel for heat without adding to ATP production. It avoids the ATP concentration
negative feedback mechanism (non-shivering thermogenesis).
NADH ANSWERS What energy source concentrates protons?
Answers
highest ANSWERS In animal cells water moves to where the solute
concentration is __________.
Homeostasis ANSWERS The maintenance of body conditions within a narrow
range.
Saper Paper ANSWERS Hypothesis: "In the Conti et al. experiments, the
hypothermic transgenic mice showed no change in food intake or physical
activity, but their body weight did increase, presumably due to a lower basal
metabolic rate."
The activity of the Orexin::UCP engineered mice was = the activity of wild type
mice, as measured by locomotor counts.
Engineered mice did not differ from wild type in calorie intake or activity level. All
mice were raised at 25°c, given the same amount of food, and raised in the same
cage types.
the net of the combined influences of charge and
concentration are pushing the ion into the cell. ANSWERS Because the cation
is entering the cell it MUST be true that...
,substrate; enzyme ANSWERS An increase in _________ allows a(n)
__________ to work faster because it can find and bind to it faster.
Km ANSWERS The amount of substrate needed for an enzyme to run at ½
Vmax. A measure of the affinity of an enzyme for substrate (low __________
represents high affinity).
Vmax ANSWERS A measure of enzyme activity (product made/unit time).
endotherms ANSWERS Temperature regulators that use metabolic processes
and behavior to regulate body temps are called __________.
Ectotherms ANSWERS Temperature conformers that use behavior to control
body temperature, but not metabolic processes.
10x ANSWERS Endotherms have a basal metabolic rate that is about
_________ as high as a similarly-sized ectotherm. They can do about __________
the amount of sustained work as well.
Thermoneutral Range ANSWERS These are the values of the X-axis for the
horizontal part of the curve. The temperature range at which the animal can
maintain body temperature without added energy costs.
Aerobic Scope ANSWERS The ratio of Metabolic rate between the basal and
maximum sustainable metabolic rates. As a rule of thumb, the maximum MR is
, 10x the basal MR. This makes sense because both the cost of maintaining basal
metabolism and the potential output of metabolism are dictated by the amount
of mitochondrial machinery in the cells of the animal.
ATP; PFK; AMP ANSWERS The __________ feedback that slows down
glycolysis, which slows down ATP production, so that ATP levels fall. It is a
negative feedback loop because when ATP levels fall ATP no longer inhibits
__________. The __________ feedback loop that speeds glycolysis when ATP
levels are low.
ATP; PFK; AMP; PFK; AMP; AMP ANSWERS If __________ is abundant, it
directly interacts with and reduces the rate of the rate limiting enzyme of
glycolysis, which is called __________. ! In contrast, when __________ is
abundant it speeds __________ up. __________ is abundant when much of the
ATP has been used up - high __________ is a sign of too little ATP.
uncoupler protein (UPC) ANSWERS The __________ allows metabolism to
increase without an increase in ATP manufacture. ___________ activity increases
PFK activity.
Metabolic Thermogenisis ANSWERS A mechanism that allows a cell to burn
fuel for heat without adding to ATP production. It avoids the ATP concentration
negative feedback mechanism (non-shivering thermogenesis).
NADH ANSWERS What energy source concentrates protons?
