NSG 3160- Exam 3 questions and 100%
verified correct answers
Right side of the heart pumps to... - Correct Answer Lungs
Left side of heart pumps... - Correct Answer simutaneously to body
Septum - Correct Answer wall that separates two pumps
atrioventricular valves - Correct Answer separate atria and ventricles
heard at apex, located at bottom of heart: 5th rib intercostal space
Apical pulse is also called - Correct Answer Mitral area/PM/Apex
Right AV valve = - Correct Answer tricuspid valve, 5th intercostal space at left sternal
border
Left AV valve = - Correct Answer Mitral valve, 5th intercostal space at left midclavicular
line
Semilunar (SL) valves - Correct Answer between ventricles and arteries
3 cusps that look like half moons
heard at BASE, located at TOP of heart
pulmonic valve - Correct Answer located on right side of heart, 2nd L intercostal space
aortic valve - Correct Answer located on left side of heart, 2nd R intercostal space
Diastole phase - Correct Answer ventricles relax, heart fills with blood
2/3 of cycle
AV valves (tricuspid and mitral) are OPEN
pressure in atria is higher than in ventricles.
1st filling phase is called early or protodiastolic filling.
2nd filling is called presystole or atrial systole
Systole phase - Correct Answer blood pumped from ventricles and fills pulmonary and
systemic arteries
1/3 of cardiac cycle
ventricular pressure is now HIGHER than that of atria, causing atria to close. After blood
ejection, pressure falls in ventricles. When pressure falls below pressure in aorta, some
blood flows backward towards ventricle, causing aortic valve to shut.
S1 or Lub - Correct Answer closer of AV valve
,S2 or Dub - Correct Answer closure of semilunar valve
S3 heart sound - Correct Answer ↑ventricular filling pressure (e.g., mitral regurgitation,
HF), common in dilated ventricles. VIBRATIONS heard over chest. A gallop.
Occurs immediately after S2 (LUB DUB DUB). May be early sign of heart failure.
S4 heart sound - Correct Answer occurs at end of Diastole, at presystole. HEARD
BEST AT APEX w/ pt turned to LEFT LATERAL so heart is closer to chest wall.
VIBRATION is very soft and low pitch. Occurs jsut before S1 (DUB LUB DUB)
murmur - Correct Answer abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the
heart valves. turbulent blood flow.
Automaticity - Correct Answer contracts by itself, independent of any signals or
stimulation from body.
SA node - Correct Answer "pacemaker" of heart
P wave - Correct Answer atrial depolarization
PR interval - Correct Answer beginning of P wave to beginning of QRS complex
QRS complex - Correct Answer depolarization of the ventricles
T wave - Correct Answer repolarization of ventricles
Cardiac Output (CO) - Correct Answer Amount of blood pumped in 1 minute (4-6 L)
CO=SV x R
carotid artery - Correct Answer located in groove b/w trachea and sternomastoid
muscle. palpate only 1 at a time.
jugular vein - Correct Answer Vein that carries blood from the R atrium into the superior
vena cava
Risk factor for CVD - Correct Answer elevated cholesterol
High BP
Known diabetes or blood sugar levels above 11 mg/dL
Obesity
Cig smoking
Low physical activity
gender
length of hormone replacement therapy
Aging adult heart - Correct Answer hemodynamic changes (increase in systolic BP
caused by THICKENING & STIFFENING of large arteries. Diastolic BP may decrease
, after 5th decade of life. Heart size and heart rate do not change. INCREASE in AP
diameter (difficulty palpating apical pulse). SYSTOLIC MURMUR. DYSRHTHMIAS
(INCREASE in presence of supra-ventricular and ventricular dysrhythmias.
Bruit - Correct Answer blowing, swooshing sound indicating BLOOD FLOW
TURBULENCE heard through a stethoscope when an artery is partially occluded
Inspecting the Jugular Venous Pulse - Correct Answer -position person supine at 45
degree angle where you can best see pulsations
-remove pillow, turn head away from self
-hold ruler VERTICAL to sternal angle, straight edge like tongue depressor.
-if JVD or heart failure suspected, THEN perform abdominojugular test
THRILL - Correct Answer palpable vibration. feels like throat of purring cat. Signifies
turbulent blood flow, can be felt with pulmonary stenosis
Acute heart failure - Correct Answer following a myocardial infarction, when
contractibility has been damaged
Chronic heart failure - Correct Answer as w/HTN, when the ventricles must pump
against chronically increased pressure
aortic stenosis - Correct Answer Calcification of the aortic valve cusps that restricts
forward flow of the blood during systole; Left Ventricular hypertrophy develops.
◦Subjective: fatigue, DOE, palpitations, dizziness, fainting, anginal pain
◦Objective Data: Pallor, slow diminished radial pulse, low BP. Thrill in systole over 2nd
and 3rd right interspaces and right side of the neck.
◦Murmur: loud, harsh, midsystolic, loudest at 2nd right intercostal space
pulmonic stenosis - Correct Answer calcification of pulmonic valve restricts forward flow
of blood.
◦Objective Data: Thrill in systole at 2nd and 3rd interspaces
◦Murmur: Systolic, Medium Pitch, Coarse
◦Best heard: 2nd left interspace
mitral regurgitation - Correct Answer stream of blood regurgitates back into the left atria
during systole through an incompetent mitral valve. In diastole, blood passes back into
the left ventricle again along with new flow; results in left ventricle dilation and
hypertrophy
◦Subjective Data: Fatigue, palpitation, orthopnea
◦Objective: you may palpate a thrill & lift at the left 5th intercostal space midclavicular
line
◦Murmur: Pansystolic, often loud, blowing, swishing sound right after S1
◦Best heard: at the Apex
verified correct answers
Right side of the heart pumps to... - Correct Answer Lungs
Left side of heart pumps... - Correct Answer simutaneously to body
Septum - Correct Answer wall that separates two pumps
atrioventricular valves - Correct Answer separate atria and ventricles
heard at apex, located at bottom of heart: 5th rib intercostal space
Apical pulse is also called - Correct Answer Mitral area/PM/Apex
Right AV valve = - Correct Answer tricuspid valve, 5th intercostal space at left sternal
border
Left AV valve = - Correct Answer Mitral valve, 5th intercostal space at left midclavicular
line
Semilunar (SL) valves - Correct Answer between ventricles and arteries
3 cusps that look like half moons
heard at BASE, located at TOP of heart
pulmonic valve - Correct Answer located on right side of heart, 2nd L intercostal space
aortic valve - Correct Answer located on left side of heart, 2nd R intercostal space
Diastole phase - Correct Answer ventricles relax, heart fills with blood
2/3 of cycle
AV valves (tricuspid and mitral) are OPEN
pressure in atria is higher than in ventricles.
1st filling phase is called early or protodiastolic filling.
2nd filling is called presystole or atrial systole
Systole phase - Correct Answer blood pumped from ventricles and fills pulmonary and
systemic arteries
1/3 of cardiac cycle
ventricular pressure is now HIGHER than that of atria, causing atria to close. After blood
ejection, pressure falls in ventricles. When pressure falls below pressure in aorta, some
blood flows backward towards ventricle, causing aortic valve to shut.
S1 or Lub - Correct Answer closer of AV valve
,S2 or Dub - Correct Answer closure of semilunar valve
S3 heart sound - Correct Answer ↑ventricular filling pressure (e.g., mitral regurgitation,
HF), common in dilated ventricles. VIBRATIONS heard over chest. A gallop.
Occurs immediately after S2 (LUB DUB DUB). May be early sign of heart failure.
S4 heart sound - Correct Answer occurs at end of Diastole, at presystole. HEARD
BEST AT APEX w/ pt turned to LEFT LATERAL so heart is closer to chest wall.
VIBRATION is very soft and low pitch. Occurs jsut before S1 (DUB LUB DUB)
murmur - Correct Answer abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the
heart valves. turbulent blood flow.
Automaticity - Correct Answer contracts by itself, independent of any signals or
stimulation from body.
SA node - Correct Answer "pacemaker" of heart
P wave - Correct Answer atrial depolarization
PR interval - Correct Answer beginning of P wave to beginning of QRS complex
QRS complex - Correct Answer depolarization of the ventricles
T wave - Correct Answer repolarization of ventricles
Cardiac Output (CO) - Correct Answer Amount of blood pumped in 1 minute (4-6 L)
CO=SV x R
carotid artery - Correct Answer located in groove b/w trachea and sternomastoid
muscle. palpate only 1 at a time.
jugular vein - Correct Answer Vein that carries blood from the R atrium into the superior
vena cava
Risk factor for CVD - Correct Answer elevated cholesterol
High BP
Known diabetes or blood sugar levels above 11 mg/dL
Obesity
Cig smoking
Low physical activity
gender
length of hormone replacement therapy
Aging adult heart - Correct Answer hemodynamic changes (increase in systolic BP
caused by THICKENING & STIFFENING of large arteries. Diastolic BP may decrease
, after 5th decade of life. Heart size and heart rate do not change. INCREASE in AP
diameter (difficulty palpating apical pulse). SYSTOLIC MURMUR. DYSRHTHMIAS
(INCREASE in presence of supra-ventricular and ventricular dysrhythmias.
Bruit - Correct Answer blowing, swooshing sound indicating BLOOD FLOW
TURBULENCE heard through a stethoscope when an artery is partially occluded
Inspecting the Jugular Venous Pulse - Correct Answer -position person supine at 45
degree angle where you can best see pulsations
-remove pillow, turn head away from self
-hold ruler VERTICAL to sternal angle, straight edge like tongue depressor.
-if JVD or heart failure suspected, THEN perform abdominojugular test
THRILL - Correct Answer palpable vibration. feels like throat of purring cat. Signifies
turbulent blood flow, can be felt with pulmonary stenosis
Acute heart failure - Correct Answer following a myocardial infarction, when
contractibility has been damaged
Chronic heart failure - Correct Answer as w/HTN, when the ventricles must pump
against chronically increased pressure
aortic stenosis - Correct Answer Calcification of the aortic valve cusps that restricts
forward flow of the blood during systole; Left Ventricular hypertrophy develops.
◦Subjective: fatigue, DOE, palpitations, dizziness, fainting, anginal pain
◦Objective Data: Pallor, slow diminished radial pulse, low BP. Thrill in systole over 2nd
and 3rd right interspaces and right side of the neck.
◦Murmur: loud, harsh, midsystolic, loudest at 2nd right intercostal space
pulmonic stenosis - Correct Answer calcification of pulmonic valve restricts forward flow
of blood.
◦Objective Data: Thrill in systole at 2nd and 3rd interspaces
◦Murmur: Systolic, Medium Pitch, Coarse
◦Best heard: 2nd left interspace
mitral regurgitation - Correct Answer stream of blood regurgitates back into the left atria
during systole through an incompetent mitral valve. In diastole, blood passes back into
the left ventricle again along with new flow; results in left ventricle dilation and
hypertrophy
◦Subjective Data: Fatigue, palpitation, orthopnea
◦Objective: you may palpate a thrill & lift at the left 5th intercostal space midclavicular
line
◦Murmur: Pansystolic, often loud, blowing, swishing sound right after S1
◦Best heard: at the Apex
