Negative Reinforcement: Def Removes a unpleasant stimulus to increase
behavior. Purp: Encourage behavior by eliminating somethin undesirable. Ex: Hw
Completing : Finish hw to avoid anxiety.Punishment: Def: Introduc unpleasant
stimuli or remove a pleasant one 2 decrease behavior.Purpose: Discourage
behavior by applying consequence. Examples: a Traffic Ticket: Speeding results
in a fine.Classical Conditioning Def Learning through association between
stimuli. Ex: Pavlov's dogs salivate (CR) when hear bell (CS) associated with food
(UCS).Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) Unconditioned Response (UCR)
Conditioned Stimulus (CS) Conditioned Response (CR)Operant Conditioning: Def
Learn through consequences reinforcement/ punishment Reinforcement increas
behav punish decreas behav Ex child receives praise (positive reinforcement) for
completing homework.Toaster Ex Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS): Smell/sight of
toast.Conditioned Stimulus (CS): Sound of the toaster popping up.Conditioned
Response (CR): Mouth watering in response to the sound.Stimulus
Generalization: Def: Responding 2 stimuli similar 2 conditioned stimulus. Ex Dog
salivates 2 sounds like bell Stimulus Discrimination: Def: Differentiating between
similar stimuli; responding to conditioned stimulus. Ex Dog only salivates to
original bell sound, not others.Skinner box a controlled environment used 2
study operant conditioning ex: rats press levers 2 receive rewards (food) or avoid
punishments. shows how behavior is shaped by reinforcement and
punishment.Negative reinforcement increase behav by removing unpleasant
stimulus (turning off a loud noise).Punishment decreases behavior by adding
unpleasant stimulus or removing a desired one ( giving a timeout).Shaping is
reinforcing successive steps to guide behavior toward a target action. To teach a
dog 2 roll over, u would reward it first 4 lying down, then turning its head, then 4
partially rolling, and for completing the full roll. Each step is rewarded until the
dog learns the full behavior.schema(plural = leschemata) mental construct of a
cluster or collection of related conceptsrole schema set of expectations that
define behaviors of a person occupying a particular ro.representative sample
Category of the population that accurat represents the gen pop.representative
bias which you stereotype someone/ something without valid basis for your
judgment.prototype= concept.range of reaction each person’s response to the
environment is based on genetic make-up. Overgeneralization extension of rule
that exists in a given language to an exception to the rulenorming giving test to
large pop so data can be collected to ref the normal scores for a pop and its
groupsMultiple Intelligences Theory Gardner’s theory each person possesses at
least 8 types of intelligence.Natural concept mental grouping that r created
“naturally” through ur experiences. Hindsight bias belief that event experienced
was predictable, even thou it wasn’t functional fixedness inability see obj as
useful for other use other than which it was intended.Flynn effect Obserrv at that
each generation has a significantly higher IQ than prev gen.Event schema behave
that r performed same way each time; also reff to as cognitive script crystallized
intelligence acquir knowledge/ ability to retrieve it confirmation bias you focus
on information that confirms your beliefs availability heuristic which you make a
behavior. Purp: Encourage behavior by eliminating somethin undesirable. Ex: Hw
Completing : Finish hw to avoid anxiety.Punishment: Def: Introduc unpleasant
stimuli or remove a pleasant one 2 decrease behavior.Purpose: Discourage
behavior by applying consequence. Examples: a Traffic Ticket: Speeding results
in a fine.Classical Conditioning Def Learning through association between
stimuli. Ex: Pavlov's dogs salivate (CR) when hear bell (CS) associated with food
(UCS).Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) Unconditioned Response (UCR)
Conditioned Stimulus (CS) Conditioned Response (CR)Operant Conditioning: Def
Learn through consequences reinforcement/ punishment Reinforcement increas
behav punish decreas behav Ex child receives praise (positive reinforcement) for
completing homework.Toaster Ex Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS): Smell/sight of
toast.Conditioned Stimulus (CS): Sound of the toaster popping up.Conditioned
Response (CR): Mouth watering in response to the sound.Stimulus
Generalization: Def: Responding 2 stimuli similar 2 conditioned stimulus. Ex Dog
salivates 2 sounds like bell Stimulus Discrimination: Def: Differentiating between
similar stimuli; responding to conditioned stimulus. Ex Dog only salivates to
original bell sound, not others.Skinner box a controlled environment used 2
study operant conditioning ex: rats press levers 2 receive rewards (food) or avoid
punishments. shows how behavior is shaped by reinforcement and
punishment.Negative reinforcement increase behav by removing unpleasant
stimulus (turning off a loud noise).Punishment decreases behavior by adding
unpleasant stimulus or removing a desired one ( giving a timeout).Shaping is
reinforcing successive steps to guide behavior toward a target action. To teach a
dog 2 roll over, u would reward it first 4 lying down, then turning its head, then 4
partially rolling, and for completing the full roll. Each step is rewarded until the
dog learns the full behavior.schema(plural = leschemata) mental construct of a
cluster or collection of related conceptsrole schema set of expectations that
define behaviors of a person occupying a particular ro.representative sample
Category of the population that accurat represents the gen pop.representative
bias which you stereotype someone/ something without valid basis for your
judgment.prototype= concept.range of reaction each person’s response to the
environment is based on genetic make-up. Overgeneralization extension of rule
that exists in a given language to an exception to the rulenorming giving test to
large pop so data can be collected to ref the normal scores for a pop and its
groupsMultiple Intelligences Theory Gardner’s theory each person possesses at
least 8 types of intelligence.Natural concept mental grouping that r created
“naturally” through ur experiences. Hindsight bias belief that event experienced
was predictable, even thou it wasn’t functional fixedness inability see obj as
useful for other use other than which it was intended.Flynn effect Obserrv at that
each generation has a significantly higher IQ than prev gen.Event schema behave
that r performed same way each time; also reff to as cognitive script crystallized
intelligence acquir knowledge/ ability to retrieve it confirmation bias you focus
on information that confirms your beliefs availability heuristic which you make a
