Biology EOC Study Guide UPDATED
Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. The model below represents a cell membrane. What is the role of ATP in this process? -
CORRECT ANSWER - provide energy for the active transport of molecules across the cell
membrane
2. If a cell is in an environment that has a greater concentration of salt than the cytoplasm inside
the cell, the cell will most likely: - CORRECT ANSWER - lose water
3. What is the function of the cellular structure labeled "A" in the diagram below. - CORRECT
ANSWER - breaks down food to release energy
4. Which of the following is an example of molecular synthesis within a cell? - CORRECT
ANSWER - glucose bonding to form starch
5. A paramecium maintains homeostasis in a hypotonic environment by allowing water to diffuse
into the cell and contracting its vacuole to pump water out of the cell. Based on this information,
which of the following is true? - CORRECT ANSWER - More energy is required for the
cell to maintain homeostasis in a hyper tonic environment
6. Glucose is a sugar that plays an important role in both plant and animal cells. Which statement
best describes the role of glucose? - CORRECT ANSWER - Glucose is synthesized during
photosynthesis in plant cells.
7. What would be a possible description for the letters A, B, and C in the diagram comparing
viruses and cells? - CORRECT ANSWER - A - protein coat; B - nucleic acids; C - nucleus
8. Viral reproduction can be simplified in the following sequence. What process is missing from
this descriptive model? - CORRECT ANSWER - the virus releases its nucleic acids
9. Scientists are able to determine that a disease has the following characteristics:
,• no self-metabolic p rocess
• rapid reproduction
• does not respond t o antibiotics
Which of the following answer choices is a possible identification of this disease? - CORRECT
ANSWER - influenza
10. HIV only effects humans because: - CORRECT ANSWER - the virus targets human T-
cells as its host cell
11. Mr. Katz researches information on how virus and bacteria compare with one another. Which
of the following would be a true generalization? - CORRECT ANSWER - Bacteria and
viruses reproduce using genetic coding found in nucleic acids.
12. In the chart comparing the structure of viruses and cells, which best fits the missing
description? - CORRECT ANSWER - protein coat
tiny non-living structure that depends on a host cell to reproduce - CORRECT ANSWER -
Virus
Supports and protects cell membrane in plant cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Cell wall
simple cells without organelles - CORRECT ANSWER - Prokaryotic
Specialized functional bodies within the cytoplasm of a cell - CORRECT ANSWER -
Organelles
regulation of conditions within a cell which allows for stable equilibrium - CORRECT
ANSWER - Homeostasis
, Organelle that holds water; particularly large in plant cells - CORRECT ANSWER -
Vaculoe
Complex cells containing organelles with specific functions - CORRECT ANSWER -
Eukaryotic
Controls the cell's activities; contains the cell's DNA - CORRECT ANSWER - Nucleus
Solution with a relatively higher solute concentration (such as salt) - CORRECT
ANSWER - Hypotonic
contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis in plant cells - CORRECT ANSWER - chloroplast
solution with a relatively lower solute concentration (such as salt) - CORRECT
ANSWER - Hypotonic
diffusion of a substance across a cell membrane requiring no energy - CORRECT
ANSWER - Passive transport
a biological molecule, such as DNA or RNA, that contain genetic coding - CORRECT
ANSWER - nucleic acids
suspends organelles in a eukaryotic cell; enclosed by the cell membrane - CORRECT
ANSWER - cytoplasm
a particular type of cell that is targeted by a virus for reproduction - CORRECT
ANSWER - host cell
Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. The model below represents a cell membrane. What is the role of ATP in this process? -
CORRECT ANSWER - provide energy for the active transport of molecules across the cell
membrane
2. If a cell is in an environment that has a greater concentration of salt than the cytoplasm inside
the cell, the cell will most likely: - CORRECT ANSWER - lose water
3. What is the function of the cellular structure labeled "A" in the diagram below. - CORRECT
ANSWER - breaks down food to release energy
4. Which of the following is an example of molecular synthesis within a cell? - CORRECT
ANSWER - glucose bonding to form starch
5. A paramecium maintains homeostasis in a hypotonic environment by allowing water to diffuse
into the cell and contracting its vacuole to pump water out of the cell. Based on this information,
which of the following is true? - CORRECT ANSWER - More energy is required for the
cell to maintain homeostasis in a hyper tonic environment
6. Glucose is a sugar that plays an important role in both plant and animal cells. Which statement
best describes the role of glucose? - CORRECT ANSWER - Glucose is synthesized during
photosynthesis in plant cells.
7. What would be a possible description for the letters A, B, and C in the diagram comparing
viruses and cells? - CORRECT ANSWER - A - protein coat; B - nucleic acids; C - nucleus
8. Viral reproduction can be simplified in the following sequence. What process is missing from
this descriptive model? - CORRECT ANSWER - the virus releases its nucleic acids
9. Scientists are able to determine that a disease has the following characteristics:
,• no self-metabolic p rocess
• rapid reproduction
• does not respond t o antibiotics
Which of the following answer choices is a possible identification of this disease? - CORRECT
ANSWER - influenza
10. HIV only effects humans because: - CORRECT ANSWER - the virus targets human T-
cells as its host cell
11. Mr. Katz researches information on how virus and bacteria compare with one another. Which
of the following would be a true generalization? - CORRECT ANSWER - Bacteria and
viruses reproduce using genetic coding found in nucleic acids.
12. In the chart comparing the structure of viruses and cells, which best fits the missing
description? - CORRECT ANSWER - protein coat
tiny non-living structure that depends on a host cell to reproduce - CORRECT ANSWER -
Virus
Supports and protects cell membrane in plant cells - CORRECT ANSWER - Cell wall
simple cells without organelles - CORRECT ANSWER - Prokaryotic
Specialized functional bodies within the cytoplasm of a cell - CORRECT ANSWER -
Organelles
regulation of conditions within a cell which allows for stable equilibrium - CORRECT
ANSWER - Homeostasis
, Organelle that holds water; particularly large in plant cells - CORRECT ANSWER -
Vaculoe
Complex cells containing organelles with specific functions - CORRECT ANSWER -
Eukaryotic
Controls the cell's activities; contains the cell's DNA - CORRECT ANSWER - Nucleus
Solution with a relatively higher solute concentration (such as salt) - CORRECT
ANSWER - Hypotonic
contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis in plant cells - CORRECT ANSWER - chloroplast
solution with a relatively lower solute concentration (such as salt) - CORRECT
ANSWER - Hypotonic
diffusion of a substance across a cell membrane requiring no energy - CORRECT
ANSWER - Passive transport
a biological molecule, such as DNA or RNA, that contain genetic coding - CORRECT
ANSWER - nucleic acids
suspends organelles in a eukaryotic cell; enclosed by the cell membrane - CORRECT
ANSWER - cytoplasm
a particular type of cell that is targeted by a virus for reproduction - CORRECT
ANSWER - host cell
