NUSCTX 10 FINAL (Midterm 1) UPDATED
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Which organelle participates in the chemical processes that transfers energy from the chemical
bonds of nutrient molecules to newly created ATP molecules? - CORRECT ANSWER -
mitochondria
The body's main source of energy is _____________ and should be the major part of total daily
food intake. - CORRECT ANSWER - carbohydrates
To be considered an essential nutrient, a substance must have all these characteristics except...
(a) it has a specific biological function.
(b) removal from the diet leads to a decline in human biological function.
(c) return of the omitted substance to the diet if done before permanent damage occurs, restores
normal biological function impaired by its absence.
(d) it is made in abundance by the body.
(e) none of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER - (d) it is made in abundance by the body.
Nutrient dense refers to foods that - CORRECT ANSWER - provide more nutrients
relative to calories
Several ways we use energy include
(a) basal metabolism
(b) thermic effect of food
(c) physical activity
(d) non-exercise activity thermogenesis
(e) all of the above - CORRECT ANSWER - (e) all of the above
,Fiber is primarily made of - CORRECT ANSWER - carbohydrates
An antioxidant, such as vitamin C, can donate electrons to higher reactive compounds. The loss
of electrons is - CORRECT ANSWER - oxidation
Which of the following are true about enzymes?
(a) Enzymes are biological catalysts.
(b) Enzymes lower the activation energy for a reaction.
(c) Enzymes are very specific in their action.
(d) Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction.
(e) All the above - CORRECT ANSWER - (e) All the above
An investigator plans to test a hypothesis. She designs and performs experiments to test that
hypothesis. Her studies can be considered
(a) cohort studies
(b) prospective studies
(c) retrospective studies
(d) case-control studies
(e) observational studies - CORRECT ANSWER - (b) prospective studies
When going from an ordered state to a disordered state, - CORRECT ANSWER - energy
is released
What are the functions of water in our body?
(a) Modulates body temperature
(b) Works as a solvent
(c) transport fat-soluble substances
(d) a and b
(e) all of the above - CORRECT ANSWER - (d) a and b
, Which of the following statements is true regarding body fluid?
(a) More than half of the body weight comes from the weight of water.
(b) 1/3 of the fluid is intracellular, which is located within the cell.
(c) 2/3 of the fluid is extracellular, which is located between cells, or inside blood vessels and
lymph.
(d) The amount of extracellular fluid influences the structure of a cell (cell bursts or collapses).
(e) The amount of body fluid does not affect the blood pressure. - CORRECT ANSWER -
(a) More than half of the body weight comes from the weight of water.
What is the caloric equivalent of heat? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1 kcal increases the
temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 degree Celsius
What is a problem with Bomb Calorimetry? - CORRECT ANSWER - It does not take into
account how efficiently our bodies use food.
You are in the jungle and just got bit by a venomous snake. You have an antidote that works on
dogs at a specific dose. Because it is an emergency you decide to take the drug. You want to base
your dosage on an estimate of your metabolic body size. This means your dose would be based
on... - CORRECT ANSWER - Your weight to the 3/4 power.
A technique that measure inspired and expired gas flows, volumes and concentrations of O2 and
CO2, allowing for measurement of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production is called
- CORRECT ANSWER - indirect calorimetry
In the process of digestion and assimilation, energy is lost from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
For which of these nutrients is the difference between the gross energy and the metabolizable
energy the greatest and why? - CORRECT ANSWER - protein, because energy is used to
process the nitrogen
Which factor(s) does not result in an increase in the loss of water from the body?
(a) illness such as vomit and diarrhea
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Which organelle participates in the chemical processes that transfers energy from the chemical
bonds of nutrient molecules to newly created ATP molecules? - CORRECT ANSWER -
mitochondria
The body's main source of energy is _____________ and should be the major part of total daily
food intake. - CORRECT ANSWER - carbohydrates
To be considered an essential nutrient, a substance must have all these characteristics except...
(a) it has a specific biological function.
(b) removal from the diet leads to a decline in human biological function.
(c) return of the omitted substance to the diet if done before permanent damage occurs, restores
normal biological function impaired by its absence.
(d) it is made in abundance by the body.
(e) none of the above. - CORRECT ANSWER - (d) it is made in abundance by the body.
Nutrient dense refers to foods that - CORRECT ANSWER - provide more nutrients
relative to calories
Several ways we use energy include
(a) basal metabolism
(b) thermic effect of food
(c) physical activity
(d) non-exercise activity thermogenesis
(e) all of the above - CORRECT ANSWER - (e) all of the above
,Fiber is primarily made of - CORRECT ANSWER - carbohydrates
An antioxidant, such as vitamin C, can donate electrons to higher reactive compounds. The loss
of electrons is - CORRECT ANSWER - oxidation
Which of the following are true about enzymes?
(a) Enzymes are biological catalysts.
(b) Enzymes lower the activation energy for a reaction.
(c) Enzymes are very specific in their action.
(d) Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction.
(e) All the above - CORRECT ANSWER - (e) All the above
An investigator plans to test a hypothesis. She designs and performs experiments to test that
hypothesis. Her studies can be considered
(a) cohort studies
(b) prospective studies
(c) retrospective studies
(d) case-control studies
(e) observational studies - CORRECT ANSWER - (b) prospective studies
When going from an ordered state to a disordered state, - CORRECT ANSWER - energy
is released
What are the functions of water in our body?
(a) Modulates body temperature
(b) Works as a solvent
(c) transport fat-soluble substances
(d) a and b
(e) all of the above - CORRECT ANSWER - (d) a and b
, Which of the following statements is true regarding body fluid?
(a) More than half of the body weight comes from the weight of water.
(b) 1/3 of the fluid is intracellular, which is located within the cell.
(c) 2/3 of the fluid is extracellular, which is located between cells, or inside blood vessels and
lymph.
(d) The amount of extracellular fluid influences the structure of a cell (cell bursts or collapses).
(e) The amount of body fluid does not affect the blood pressure. - CORRECT ANSWER -
(a) More than half of the body weight comes from the weight of water.
What is the caloric equivalent of heat? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1 kcal increases the
temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 degree Celsius
What is a problem with Bomb Calorimetry? - CORRECT ANSWER - It does not take into
account how efficiently our bodies use food.
You are in the jungle and just got bit by a venomous snake. You have an antidote that works on
dogs at a specific dose. Because it is an emergency you decide to take the drug. You want to base
your dosage on an estimate of your metabolic body size. This means your dose would be based
on... - CORRECT ANSWER - Your weight to the 3/4 power.
A technique that measure inspired and expired gas flows, volumes and concentrations of O2 and
CO2, allowing for measurement of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production is called
- CORRECT ANSWER - indirect calorimetry
In the process of digestion and assimilation, energy is lost from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
For which of these nutrients is the difference between the gross energy and the metabolizable
energy the greatest and why? - CORRECT ANSWER - protein, because energy is used to
process the nitrogen
Which factor(s) does not result in an increase in the loss of water from the body?
(a) illness such as vomit and diarrhea
