Air Methods Critical Care Exam
1. Coopernail's Sign bruising of the scrotum or labia
-indicating pelvic bleeding/ abdominal bleeding
-pelvic fx
2. Halstead's Sign Marbled abdomen- bleeding
3. Cullen's sign ecchymosis in umbilical area, seen with pancreatitis
4. Murphy's Sign pain with palpation of the RUQ during inspiration
-indicative of cholecystitis
5. Factors fetal well- 1.) Viability (most important)
be- ing 2.) Fetal Heart rate
3.) Fetal movement
6. PEEP (positive end
-Causes increased pulmonary vascular resistance
ex- piratory
-Can cause hypotension over 15 cmH2O
pressure)
-Normal: 5 cmH2O
- lowest pressure the lungs will see
7. steps in Dry, warm, position to open airway, suction mouth then
resuscitation of nose Tactile stimulation (HR<100 or apnea/IR breath rub back
the neonate and put) Oxygen near the face
Bag valve mask - unresponsive to tactile stim within a few sec
(40-60bpm) reposition head, reapply mask, suction again prn, if
no response in 30 sec Intubate - if HR < 60 after PPV for 30 sec,
then
Chest compressions - 3:1 ratio (90 compressions / 30 breaths)
Drugs - epinephrine 0.1-0.3ml/kg of 1:10,000, through et tube or
(prefer- ably) through umbilical venous line, volume loss give
10ml/kg NS
8. pulmonary contusion Chest pain
bruising over sternum
1/
46
,Air Methods Critical Care Exam
Progressive dyspnea
2/
46
, Air Methods Critical Care Exam
decreased breath sounds on one
side rales
low sats despite being on o2
hemoptysis
irregular pulse-dysrthymia
9. ruptured diaphragm abd contents herniate into the thoracic cavity compressing the lung
s/s: dyspnea, dysphagia, abd pain, sharp epigastric or chest pain
radiat- ing to L shoulder (Kehr sign), bowel sounds heard in the
lung fields on injured side, decreased breath sounds on injured
side.
10. Tracheobronchial 1. hemoptysis
in- jury 2. subcutaneous emphysema
3. air leak (PNEUMOTHORAX) + PNEUMEDIASTINUM even after
chest tube placement***
- advance ETT below level of injury into Right mainstem
11. esophageal
-fever
perfora- tion
-hematemesis
12. Fat embolus can form when a long bone is fractured and fat cells from yellow
bone
marrow are released into the blood
-fever
-rash after fracture
13. Blood loss 750 ml
from humerus
fracture
1500 ml
14. blood loss from
femur fracture
3/
46
, Air Methods Critical Care Exam
15. - Looks at the left side of the heart
-If elevated can indicate pulmonary congestion, CHF, cardiogenic
shock
4/
46
1. Coopernail's Sign bruising of the scrotum or labia
-indicating pelvic bleeding/ abdominal bleeding
-pelvic fx
2. Halstead's Sign Marbled abdomen- bleeding
3. Cullen's sign ecchymosis in umbilical area, seen with pancreatitis
4. Murphy's Sign pain with palpation of the RUQ during inspiration
-indicative of cholecystitis
5. Factors fetal well- 1.) Viability (most important)
be- ing 2.) Fetal Heart rate
3.) Fetal movement
6. PEEP (positive end
-Causes increased pulmonary vascular resistance
ex- piratory
-Can cause hypotension over 15 cmH2O
pressure)
-Normal: 5 cmH2O
- lowest pressure the lungs will see
7. steps in Dry, warm, position to open airway, suction mouth then
resuscitation of nose Tactile stimulation (HR<100 or apnea/IR breath rub back
the neonate and put) Oxygen near the face
Bag valve mask - unresponsive to tactile stim within a few sec
(40-60bpm) reposition head, reapply mask, suction again prn, if
no response in 30 sec Intubate - if HR < 60 after PPV for 30 sec,
then
Chest compressions - 3:1 ratio (90 compressions / 30 breaths)
Drugs - epinephrine 0.1-0.3ml/kg of 1:10,000, through et tube or
(prefer- ably) through umbilical venous line, volume loss give
10ml/kg NS
8. pulmonary contusion Chest pain
bruising over sternum
1/
46
,Air Methods Critical Care Exam
Progressive dyspnea
2/
46
, Air Methods Critical Care Exam
decreased breath sounds on one
side rales
low sats despite being on o2
hemoptysis
irregular pulse-dysrthymia
9. ruptured diaphragm abd contents herniate into the thoracic cavity compressing the lung
s/s: dyspnea, dysphagia, abd pain, sharp epigastric or chest pain
radiat- ing to L shoulder (Kehr sign), bowel sounds heard in the
lung fields on injured side, decreased breath sounds on injured
side.
10. Tracheobronchial 1. hemoptysis
in- jury 2. subcutaneous emphysema
3. air leak (PNEUMOTHORAX) + PNEUMEDIASTINUM even after
chest tube placement***
- advance ETT below level of injury into Right mainstem
11. esophageal
-fever
perfora- tion
-hematemesis
12. Fat embolus can form when a long bone is fractured and fat cells from yellow
bone
marrow are released into the blood
-fever
-rash after fracture
13. Blood loss 750 ml
from humerus
fracture
1500 ml
14. blood loss from
femur fracture
3/
46
, Air Methods Critical Care Exam
15. - Looks at the left side of the heart
-If elevated can indicate pulmonary congestion, CHF, cardiogenic
shock
4/
46
