Complete Revised.
, CONTENTS
INTRODUCTIONVII
EDITOR BIOGRAPHY IX
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS XI
1 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) 2
Aviation and Diving 2
Biological Hazards, Biological Monitoring and Vaccinations 3
Environmental Protection 10
Epidemiology and Statistics 11
Fitness for Work, Rehabilitation and Shift Work 15
Fumes, Mists, Dusts and Gases 20
General OH Practice and Legal Issues 22
Health Surveillance 26
Mental Health, Psychosocial Work Environment and Stress 28
Musculoskeletal Disorders and Ergonomics 31
Noise, Vibration and Thermal Environment 34
Occupational Cancer 39
Occupational Hygiene 41
Radiation: Ionising and Non-Ionising 44
Respiratory Disorders 49
Skin Disorders 55
Toxicology, Metals and Solvents 58
2 Modified Essay Questions (MEQs) 64
3 Observed Structured Practical Examination
Questions (OSPEs) 70
4 Answers 84
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) 84
Modified Essay Questions (MEQs) 125
Observed Structured Practical Examination Questions (OSPEs) 136
INDEX147
v
Complete Revised.
,chapter 01
DOI: 10.1201/9781003291930-01
Complete Revised.
, 01 CHAPTER
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Aviation and Diving
Q1. In aviation medicine, which one of the following statements is true?
a. The air temperature decreases roughly 1°C per thousand feet of ascent.
b. There is a linear decrease in pressure with elevation from sea level.
c. Commercial divers are usually advised to delay flights 24 hours after their last dive to avoid
the risk of decompression sickness (DCS).
d. At 15,000 metres above sea level, oxygen has dropped to 15%.
e. Commercial aircraft are usually pressurised to the equivalent of 2,000 feet when travelling at
20,000–30,000 feet in flight.
Q2. In relation to aviation and the Earth’s atmosphere, which one of the following statements is the
best fit?
a. The stratosphere is the atmospheric layer furthest away from the Earth.
b. Hypoxia arising at increasing altitude is a direct consequence of changes in oxygen
concentration.
c. Alveolar oxygen tension falls below 60 mmHg above 10,000 feet.
d. With every 1,000 feet ascent, the temperature drops by 1°C.
e. Military aircraft confine their activities to the tropospheric layer.
Q3. Regarding hypoxia in relation to aviation, which one of the following statements is the best fit?
a. The effects of acute hypoxia can be insidious with visual and mild psychomotor impairment.
b. Oxygen enrichment of air supply mitigates the risk of hypoxia.
c. Military aircraft are pressurised to the same degree as commercial aircraft.
d. Cognitive impairment may occur at levels of 8,000–10,000 feet.
e. Sensorimotor impairment may occur at levels of 8,000–10,000 feet.
Q4. Which one of the following is the best fit as the most common medical reason for grounding air
crew?
a. Ear, nose and throat.
b. Cardiovascular.
c. Psychiatric.
d. Musculoskeletal.
e. Neurological.
Q5. In diving medicine and decompression sickness (DCS), which one of the following statements is
the best fit?
a. Pulmonary syndrome symptoms of DCS tend to occur in isolation of other DCS features.
b. ‘The chokes’ occurs in at least 20% of DCS cases.
2
Complete Revised.
, CONTENTS
INTRODUCTIONVII
EDITOR BIOGRAPHY IX
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS XI
1 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) 2
Aviation and Diving 2
Biological Hazards, Biological Monitoring and Vaccinations 3
Environmental Protection 10
Epidemiology and Statistics 11
Fitness for Work, Rehabilitation and Shift Work 15
Fumes, Mists, Dusts and Gases 20
General OH Practice and Legal Issues 22
Health Surveillance 26
Mental Health, Psychosocial Work Environment and Stress 28
Musculoskeletal Disorders and Ergonomics 31
Noise, Vibration and Thermal Environment 34
Occupational Cancer 39
Occupational Hygiene 41
Radiation: Ionising and Non-Ionising 44
Respiratory Disorders 49
Skin Disorders 55
Toxicology, Metals and Solvents 58
2 Modified Essay Questions (MEQs) 64
3 Observed Structured Practical Examination
Questions (OSPEs) 70
4 Answers 84
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) 84
Modified Essay Questions (MEQs) 125
Observed Structured Practical Examination Questions (OSPEs) 136
INDEX147
v
Complete Revised.
,chapter 01
DOI: 10.1201/9781003291930-01
Complete Revised.
, 01 CHAPTER
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Aviation and Diving
Q1. In aviation medicine, which one of the following statements is true?
a. The air temperature decreases roughly 1°C per thousand feet of ascent.
b. There is a linear decrease in pressure with elevation from sea level.
c. Commercial divers are usually advised to delay flights 24 hours after their last dive to avoid
the risk of decompression sickness (DCS).
d. At 15,000 metres above sea level, oxygen has dropped to 15%.
e. Commercial aircraft are usually pressurised to the equivalent of 2,000 feet when travelling at
20,000–30,000 feet in flight.
Q2. In relation to aviation and the Earth’s atmosphere, which one of the following statements is the
best fit?
a. The stratosphere is the atmospheric layer furthest away from the Earth.
b. Hypoxia arising at increasing altitude is a direct consequence of changes in oxygen
concentration.
c. Alveolar oxygen tension falls below 60 mmHg above 10,000 feet.
d. With every 1,000 feet ascent, the temperature drops by 1°C.
e. Military aircraft confine their activities to the tropospheric layer.
Q3. Regarding hypoxia in relation to aviation, which one of the following statements is the best fit?
a. The effects of acute hypoxia can be insidious with visual and mild psychomotor impairment.
b. Oxygen enrichment of air supply mitigates the risk of hypoxia.
c. Military aircraft are pressurised to the same degree as commercial aircraft.
d. Cognitive impairment may occur at levels of 8,000–10,000 feet.
e. Sensorimotor impairment may occur at levels of 8,000–10,000 feet.
Q4. Which one of the following is the best fit as the most common medical reason for grounding air
crew?
a. Ear, nose and throat.
b. Cardiovascular.
c. Psychiatric.
d. Musculoskeletal.
e. Neurological.
Q5. In diving medicine and decompression sickness (DCS), which one of the following statements is
the best fit?
a. Pulmonary syndrome symptoms of DCS tend to occur in isolation of other DCS features.
b. ‘The chokes’ occurs in at least 20% of DCS cases.
2
Complete Revised.
