NUSCTX 10 Midterm 2 Exam with correct
Answers
nutrients supplied by plant foods - Correct Answers -plant sources of protein are also a
good source of Vitamin B and minerals such as iron, zinc fiber, and calcium, but in less
absorbable forms
nutrients supplied by animal foods - Correct Answers -animal products provide sources
of protein, Vitamin B, and minerals such as iron, zinc, and calcium; however, these
foods are low in fiber and can be high in fat
lipids in the body (absorption and transport) - Correct Answers -in the enterocyte:
-short and medium chain fatty acids (<14 C chain) enter portal circulation
-long chain fatty acids reassembled into TG (combined with cholesterol, phospholipids,
and small protein); you now have a lipoprotein called chylomicron; chylomicrons enter
lymph then the bloodstream
lipoprotein - Correct Answers --transports lipids and cholesterol in blood
-chylomicrons - can go everywhere
-very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) - generally manufactured in liver
-low density lipoproteins (LDL) - CHD risk
-high density lipoproteins (HDL) - protective
-protein components (apolipoproteins) involved in metabolism and final disposition of
lipoprotein
cardiovascular disease (CVD) - Correct Answers --abnormal condition of the heart and
blood vessels
-atherosclerosis: narrowing and hardening of blood vessels that supply blood to the
heart muscle, brain, and other parts of the body
-coronary heart disease (CHD): heart not receiving enough blood
-stroke: brain not receiving enough blood
types of vegetarians - Correct Answers -vegan, facto-vegetarians, lacto-ovo-vegetarians
nutrient concerns (vegetarians) - Correct Answers -Vitamin B12, calcium, iron, zinc,
Vitamin D, high-quality protein, riboflavin
special concerns for infants and children
, 1 our of every ___ otherwise healthy people in the US suffers from the digestive disease
known as celiac disease - Correct Answers -133
celiac disease - Correct Answers -wheat or gluten intolerance (found in wheat, rye, and
barley)
kwashiorkor - Correct Answers -mostly protein problem (but also calorie problem)
severe protein (with moderate energy) deficit; often accompanied by infections or other
diseases
characteristics:
-edema
-mild to moderate weight loss
-maintenance of some muscle and subcutaneous fat
-growth impairment
-rapid onset
-fatty liver
marasmus - Correct Answers -mostly calorie problem (but also protein problem)
severe energy and protein deficit
characteristics:
-severe weight loss
-wasting of muscle and body fat (skin and bones appearance)
-severe growth impairment
-develops gradually
carbohydrates - Correct Answers --macronutrient
-4 kcal/g
-carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
-carbon-hydrate: C + H20 // CHO
-glucose: C6H12O6
photosynthesis (process) - Correct Answers -sunlight energy --> carbon dioxide + water
--> carbohydrates are formed --> oxygen is released by the plant
Work is generally required to produce order out of disorder, so... - Correct Answers -
energy must be used to produce a highly ordered state
carbohydrate functions - Correct Answers --provides energy
-spares protein
-provides sweetness
-provides fiber
-enhances functions of some proteins
Answers
nutrients supplied by plant foods - Correct Answers -plant sources of protein are also a
good source of Vitamin B and minerals such as iron, zinc fiber, and calcium, but in less
absorbable forms
nutrients supplied by animal foods - Correct Answers -animal products provide sources
of protein, Vitamin B, and minerals such as iron, zinc, and calcium; however, these
foods are low in fiber and can be high in fat
lipids in the body (absorption and transport) - Correct Answers -in the enterocyte:
-short and medium chain fatty acids (<14 C chain) enter portal circulation
-long chain fatty acids reassembled into TG (combined with cholesterol, phospholipids,
and small protein); you now have a lipoprotein called chylomicron; chylomicrons enter
lymph then the bloodstream
lipoprotein - Correct Answers --transports lipids and cholesterol in blood
-chylomicrons - can go everywhere
-very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) - generally manufactured in liver
-low density lipoproteins (LDL) - CHD risk
-high density lipoproteins (HDL) - protective
-protein components (apolipoproteins) involved in metabolism and final disposition of
lipoprotein
cardiovascular disease (CVD) - Correct Answers --abnormal condition of the heart and
blood vessels
-atherosclerosis: narrowing and hardening of blood vessels that supply blood to the
heart muscle, brain, and other parts of the body
-coronary heart disease (CHD): heart not receiving enough blood
-stroke: brain not receiving enough blood
types of vegetarians - Correct Answers -vegan, facto-vegetarians, lacto-ovo-vegetarians
nutrient concerns (vegetarians) - Correct Answers -Vitamin B12, calcium, iron, zinc,
Vitamin D, high-quality protein, riboflavin
special concerns for infants and children
, 1 our of every ___ otherwise healthy people in the US suffers from the digestive disease
known as celiac disease - Correct Answers -133
celiac disease - Correct Answers -wheat or gluten intolerance (found in wheat, rye, and
barley)
kwashiorkor - Correct Answers -mostly protein problem (but also calorie problem)
severe protein (with moderate energy) deficit; often accompanied by infections or other
diseases
characteristics:
-edema
-mild to moderate weight loss
-maintenance of some muscle and subcutaneous fat
-growth impairment
-rapid onset
-fatty liver
marasmus - Correct Answers -mostly calorie problem (but also protein problem)
severe energy and protein deficit
characteristics:
-severe weight loss
-wasting of muscle and body fat (skin and bones appearance)
-severe growth impairment
-develops gradually
carbohydrates - Correct Answers --macronutrient
-4 kcal/g
-carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
-carbon-hydrate: C + H20 // CHO
-glucose: C6H12O6
photosynthesis (process) - Correct Answers -sunlight energy --> carbon dioxide + water
--> carbohydrates are formed --> oxygen is released by the plant
Work is generally required to produce order out of disorder, so... - Correct Answers -
energy must be used to produce a highly ordered state
carbohydrate functions - Correct Answers --provides energy
-spares protein
-provides sweetness
-provides fiber
-enhances functions of some proteins
