Natural Resource Management: Exam 1
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Natural Resource Management - Answer✔the analysis, planning, direct manipulation and/or
preservation and restoration of critical elements of the natural and modified world.
(i.e. soil, water, air, wildlife and vegetation)
What is one of the most important factors of Natural Resource Management? -
Answer✔Wildlife
What is the focus for NRM? - Answer✔The focus was on sustaining ecological communities and
qualities of life for present and future generations.
What was the original concept of Natural Resource Management? - Answer✔1. the wide use of
Earth's resources by humanity.
2. the term conservation originally referred to the management, usually for monetary gain, of
valuable natural resources like timber, wildlife, soil and minerals.
3. the preservation of forests, parks, wilderness and watershed areas.
When did Conservation become part of the United States government policy? - Answer✔1871 -
Commission of Fish and Fisheries
Fish and Fisheries policy - Answer✔1. investigate causes for decrease of commercial fish and
other aquatic animals.
2. recommend remedies to congress and the states.
3. oversee restoration efforts.
4. the commission was recognized as the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries in 1903. Part of the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service in 1940.
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U.S. Legislation in support of modern conservation - Answer✔1. National Environmental Policy
Act 1969
2. Clean Water Act
3. Clean Air Act
4. Endangered Species Act
5. Marine Mammal Protection Act
6. Migratory Bird Treaty Act 1918
*International treaties are critically needed to protect global ecosystems*
What is wildlife management? - Answer✔the application of ecological knowledge to
populations of animals and their plant and animal associates in a manner that strikes a balance
between the needs of those population and the needs of people.
Why is wildlife management needed? - Answer✔1. pollution
2. habitat destruction
3. over-exploitation
What is wildlife? - Answer✔All living things outside direct human control. Plants and animals
that are not cultivated or domesticated. "any free-living vertebrate animals, often excluding
fish."
Game - Answer✔wildlife species harvest for sport decided upon by state agencies.
Non-game - Answer✔wildlife species not harvested for sport.
What is management? - Answer✔the application of ecological knowledge to populations of
animals and their plant and animal associates in a manner that strikes a balance between the
needs of those populations and the needs of people.
What are the basic management approaches? - Answer✔1. Preservation
2. Direct Manipulation
3. Indirect Manipulation
Preservation - Answer✔without human intervention
Direct Manipulation - Answer✔animal population are manipulated via removal of individuals
(i.e. shooting, trapping, poisoning, and contraception).
Indirect Manipulation - Answer✔habitat alterations cause animal population to respond (i.e.
vegetation, water or food, habitat component altered)
Do food plots enhance wildlife? - Answer✔Yes
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