Urinalysis and Body Fluids Ch 12, 13,
14, 15 Exam
Parietal Membrane - -Lines cavity wall
- Visceral Membrane - -Lines organ in cavity
- Effusion - -Disruption causes fluid buildup; Causes: hydrostatic pressure
increased from congestive heart failure; oncotic pressure decreased from
hypoproteinemia; increased capillary permeability from inflammation,
infection, malignancy; lymphatic obstruction from tumors
- Transudate - -systemic disorder disrupts filtration and reabsorption,
congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome
- Exudate - -conditions affecting membranes, inflammation, infection,
malignancy
- What type of fluid needs further testing? Why? - -Exudate
Because microbiology, cytology, and tests for general symptoms
- Hemothorax is caused by what? And how to distinguish it? - -Trauma;
more blood
- Hemorrhagic Effusion is caused by what? And how to distinguish it? - -
Membrane damage; low blood
- Why run a amylase test on pleural fluid? - -Because the amylase will be
elevated in pancreatitis, esophageal rupture and malignancy
- Amylase and lipase are usually elevated in what disease? - -Pancreatitis
- CEA tumor marker - -gastrointestinal malignancy
- CA125 tumor marker - -uterine and ovarian malignancy
- What is a peritoneal lavage & how do we perform it? - -Performed to
detect early abdominal bleeding and need for surgery
Normal saline injected into cavity, withdrawn, and red blood cell (RBC) count
performed
- What is the purpose of the fern test? - -specimen air dries on glass slide;
examine microscopically for "fern-like" amniotic fluid crystals
14, 15 Exam
Parietal Membrane - -Lines cavity wall
- Visceral Membrane - -Lines organ in cavity
- Effusion - -Disruption causes fluid buildup; Causes: hydrostatic pressure
increased from congestive heart failure; oncotic pressure decreased from
hypoproteinemia; increased capillary permeability from inflammation,
infection, malignancy; lymphatic obstruction from tumors
- Transudate - -systemic disorder disrupts filtration and reabsorption,
congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome
- Exudate - -conditions affecting membranes, inflammation, infection,
malignancy
- What type of fluid needs further testing? Why? - -Exudate
Because microbiology, cytology, and tests for general symptoms
- Hemothorax is caused by what? And how to distinguish it? - -Trauma;
more blood
- Hemorrhagic Effusion is caused by what? And how to distinguish it? - -
Membrane damage; low blood
- Why run a amylase test on pleural fluid? - -Because the amylase will be
elevated in pancreatitis, esophageal rupture and malignancy
- Amylase and lipase are usually elevated in what disease? - -Pancreatitis
- CEA tumor marker - -gastrointestinal malignancy
- CA125 tumor marker - -uterine and ovarian malignancy
- What is a peritoneal lavage & how do we perform it? - -Performed to
detect early abdominal bleeding and need for surgery
Normal saline injected into cavity, withdrawn, and red blood cell (RBC) count
performed
- What is the purpose of the fern test? - -specimen air dries on glass slide;
examine microscopically for "fern-like" amniotic fluid crystals
