BIOD351
Pulmonology
Final Test Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which of the following is a common side effect of inhaled
corticosteroids used in the treatment of asthma?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Oral thrush
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Hyperglycemia
ANS: B. Oral thrush
©/2025
, Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids can lead to oral thrush
(candidiasis) due to localized immunosuppression in the oral
cavity, allowing fungal overgrowth.
2. What is the primary mechanism of action of beta-agonists in
the management of asthma?
- A. Bronchoconstriction
- B. Bronchodilation
- C. Anti-inflammatory effects
- D. Immunosuppression
ANS: B. Bronchodilation
Rationale: Beta-agonists stimulate beta-2 adrenergic
receptors in the airway smooth muscles, leading to
bronchodilation and relief of asthma symptoms.
3. Which of the following medications is a leukotriene receptor
antagonist used in the management of asthma?
- A. Salmeterol
- B. Montelukast
- C. Fluticasone
- D. Theophylline
©/2025
, ANS: B. Montelukast
Rationale: Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist
that blocks leukotriene pathways, reducing inflammation and
bronchoconstriction in asthma patients.
4. What is the primary function of mucolytic agents in the
treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
- A. Reducing airway inflammation
- B. Breaking down mucus
- C. Promoting bronchodilation
- D. Reducing bacterial load
ANS: B. Breaking down mucus
Rationale: Mucolytic agents break down mucus, making it
easier to clear from the airways and improving airflow in patients
with COPD.
5. Which of the following is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist
(LAMA) used in the management of COPD?
- A. Albuterol
- B. Ipratropium
©/2025
, - C. Tiotropium
- D. Salbutamol
ANS: C. Tiotropium
Rationale: Tiotropium is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist
(LAMA) that provides prolonged bronchodilation by inhibiting
muscarinic receptors in the airway smooth muscles.
6. What is the primary indication for the use of theophylline in
pulmonary medicine?
- A. Antibacterial effects
- B. Anti-inflammatory effects
- C. Bronchodilation
- D. Mucolysis
ANS: C. Bronchodilation
Rationale: Theophylline is a bronchodilator that relaxes
bronchial smooth muscles and improves airflow in conditions like
asthma and COPD.
7. Which of the following conditions is characterized by
permanent enlargement and destruction of airspaces distal to the
terminal bronchioles?
©/2025
Pulmonology
Final Test Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which of the following is a common side effect of inhaled
corticosteroids used in the treatment of asthma?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Oral thrush
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Hyperglycemia
ANS: B. Oral thrush
©/2025
, Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids can lead to oral thrush
(candidiasis) due to localized immunosuppression in the oral
cavity, allowing fungal overgrowth.
2. What is the primary mechanism of action of beta-agonists in
the management of asthma?
- A. Bronchoconstriction
- B. Bronchodilation
- C. Anti-inflammatory effects
- D. Immunosuppression
ANS: B. Bronchodilation
Rationale: Beta-agonists stimulate beta-2 adrenergic
receptors in the airway smooth muscles, leading to
bronchodilation and relief of asthma symptoms.
3. Which of the following medications is a leukotriene receptor
antagonist used in the management of asthma?
- A. Salmeterol
- B. Montelukast
- C. Fluticasone
- D. Theophylline
©/2025
, ANS: B. Montelukast
Rationale: Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist
that blocks leukotriene pathways, reducing inflammation and
bronchoconstriction in asthma patients.
4. What is the primary function of mucolytic agents in the
treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
- A. Reducing airway inflammation
- B. Breaking down mucus
- C. Promoting bronchodilation
- D. Reducing bacterial load
ANS: B. Breaking down mucus
Rationale: Mucolytic agents break down mucus, making it
easier to clear from the airways and improving airflow in patients
with COPD.
5. Which of the following is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist
(LAMA) used in the management of COPD?
- A. Albuterol
- B. Ipratropium
©/2025
, - C. Tiotropium
- D. Salbutamol
ANS: C. Tiotropium
Rationale: Tiotropium is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist
(LAMA) that provides prolonged bronchodilation by inhibiting
muscarinic receptors in the airway smooth muscles.
6. What is the primary indication for the use of theophylline in
pulmonary medicine?
- A. Antibacterial effects
- B. Anti-inflammatory effects
- C. Bronchodilation
- D. Mucolysis
ANS: C. Bronchodilation
Rationale: Theophylline is a bronchodilator that relaxes
bronchial smooth muscles and improves airflow in conditions like
asthma and COPD.
7. Which of the following conditions is characterized by
permanent enlargement and destruction of airspaces distal to the
terminal bronchioles?
©/2025
