Human Biology Atar Exam with correct
Answers
Describe the main structural features of the cell membrane that would need to be
mimicked in a viable artificial cell. - Correct Answers -The cell membrane is composed
of a phospholipid bilayer with hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails. The cell
membrane is semipermeable this means that it allows certain ions and molecules to
pass through, but restricts the movement of others. Carbohydrates also recognises
foreign bodies in the cell, which helps protect the human body. Cholesterol stabilizes
the membrane, all of these features would be needed to make a viable artificial cell.
Endocytosis - Correct Answers -A cellular process in which substances are brought into
the cell. This process uses a form of energy called adenosine triphosphate or also
known as ATP.
Exocytosis - Correct Answers -The transport and fusion of secretory vesicles with the
plasma membrane and the extracellular space. This process uses a form of energy
called adenosine triphosphate or also known as ATP.
Diffusion - Correct Answers -The movement of molecules of a substance through a
semipermeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration.
Osmosis - Correct Answers -The diffusion of a solvent (water) through a differentially
permeable membrane in order to balance the concentration of dissolved solutes.
Facilitated diffusion - Correct Answers -When molecules diffuse across the plasma
membrane with assistance from membrane protein such as channels and carriers. This
is so it allows polar and charged molecules, such as carbohydrates, amino acids,
nucleosides, and ions, to cross the plasma membrane.
Active transport - Correct Answers -the movement of ions or molecules across a cell
membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring
energy.
Answers
Describe the main structural features of the cell membrane that would need to be
mimicked in a viable artificial cell. - Correct Answers -The cell membrane is composed
of a phospholipid bilayer with hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails. The cell
membrane is semipermeable this means that it allows certain ions and molecules to
pass through, but restricts the movement of others. Carbohydrates also recognises
foreign bodies in the cell, which helps protect the human body. Cholesterol stabilizes
the membrane, all of these features would be needed to make a viable artificial cell.
Endocytosis - Correct Answers -A cellular process in which substances are brought into
the cell. This process uses a form of energy called adenosine triphosphate or also
known as ATP.
Exocytosis - Correct Answers -The transport and fusion of secretory vesicles with the
plasma membrane and the extracellular space. This process uses a form of energy
called adenosine triphosphate or also known as ATP.
Diffusion - Correct Answers -The movement of molecules of a substance through a
semipermeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration.
Osmosis - Correct Answers -The diffusion of a solvent (water) through a differentially
permeable membrane in order to balance the concentration of dissolved solutes.
Facilitated diffusion - Correct Answers -When molecules diffuse across the plasma
membrane with assistance from membrane protein such as channels and carriers. This
is so it allows polar and charged molecules, such as carbohydrates, amino acids,
nucleosides, and ions, to cross the plasma membrane.
Active transport - Correct Answers -the movement of ions or molecules across a cell
membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring
energy.
