D664 - Learners and Learning Science - Section 1:
The Neuroscience of Learning - Key Terms with
Correct Solutions
Neuroscience
The study of the brain and nervous system
Cognition
Thinking activities such as remembering, understanding, problem-solving, and decision-making,
including how people get, use, and store information
Neurons
Tiny cells in the brain that work together like an extension communication network
Neurodevelopment
Plays a crucial role in acquiring new knowledge, honing cognitive skills, and adapting to the
challenges of formal education
Brain Stem
Part of the brain that connects to the spinal cord; oversees important jobs like keeping the
heart beating regularly, controlling breathing, managing blood flow, and controlling automatic
actions like sneezing and swallowing
Limbic System
Deep in the brain, it is like an emotional control center helping handle feelings like happiness,
fear, and sadness
Cerebellum
Located at the back of the head, the "little brain" helps control voluntary muscle movements,
posture, and balance
, Cerebrum
The front part of the brain responsible for controlling movement, body temperature, and
thinking skills like speaking, problem-solving, and decision-making; it also handles sensory tasks
like seeing, hearing, and feeling touch
Prefrontal Cortex
Plays a crucial role in decision-making, impulse control, and emotional regulation
Encoding
The initial processing of information, converting sensory input into a form that the brain can
store and use
Storage
Involves retaining encoded information over time
Retrieval
The process of accessing stored information when needed
Feedback
Provides information about performance, guiding future actions to refine learning strategies
Metacognition
The awareness and understanding of one's thinking processes to monitor and regulate learning
Retrieval Practice
Enhances long-term retention by actively recalling information from memory
Spacing
Strategically spacing out study sessions over time leads to more robust learning outcomes
Interleaving
The Neuroscience of Learning - Key Terms with
Correct Solutions
Neuroscience
The study of the brain and nervous system
Cognition
Thinking activities such as remembering, understanding, problem-solving, and decision-making,
including how people get, use, and store information
Neurons
Tiny cells in the brain that work together like an extension communication network
Neurodevelopment
Plays a crucial role in acquiring new knowledge, honing cognitive skills, and adapting to the
challenges of formal education
Brain Stem
Part of the brain that connects to the spinal cord; oversees important jobs like keeping the
heart beating regularly, controlling breathing, managing blood flow, and controlling automatic
actions like sneezing and swallowing
Limbic System
Deep in the brain, it is like an emotional control center helping handle feelings like happiness,
fear, and sadness
Cerebellum
Located at the back of the head, the "little brain" helps control voluntary muscle movements,
posture, and balance
, Cerebrum
The front part of the brain responsible for controlling movement, body temperature, and
thinking skills like speaking, problem-solving, and decision-making; it also handles sensory tasks
like seeing, hearing, and feeling touch
Prefrontal Cortex
Plays a crucial role in decision-making, impulse control, and emotional regulation
Encoding
The initial processing of information, converting sensory input into a form that the brain can
store and use
Storage
Involves retaining encoded information over time
Retrieval
The process of accessing stored information when needed
Feedback
Provides information about performance, guiding future actions to refine learning strategies
Metacognition
The awareness and understanding of one's thinking processes to monitor and regulate learning
Retrieval Practice
Enhances long-term retention by actively recalling information from memory
Spacing
Strategically spacing out study sessions over time leads to more robust learning outcomes
Interleaving
