OPT 114: Eyelids UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Where does the upper eyelids (RUL and LUL) extend from? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Conjunctival fornix to the superior orbital rim
Where does the the lower eyelid (RLL and LLL) extend from? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Conjunctival fornix to the nasojugal and palpebromalar sulci
Upper and lower eyelids meet at: - CORRECT ANSWER - canthus
What is the lateral canthus? - CORRECT ANSWER - 5-7mm medial to lateral orbital rim
and lies directly on the globe
What is the medial canthus? - CORRECT ANSWER - Medial orbital rim and is separated
from the globe by the lacrimal lake (separate globe and medial canthus)
Opening between the upper and lower eyelids - CORRECT ANSWER - palpebral fissure
What are the dimensions of the palpebral fissure? - CORRECT ANSWER - Horizontal
about 33mm and vertical 10 mm
the distance between the corneal reflex and the UL margin - CORRECT ANSWER -
Marginal reflex distance 1 (4-4.5 mm)
the distance between the corneal reflex and the LL margin - CORRECT ANSWER -
Marginal reflex distance 2 (>5mm)
What is the corneal reflex? - CORRECT ANSWER - -separates the two marginal reflex
distance
,-where light reflects off cornea
What are the characteristics of the skin of the eyelid? - CORRECT ANSWER - -barrier to
outside environment
-folds easily, very flexible
-thinnest skin in the body <1 mm in thickness
-composed of epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis
Why is the skin of the eyelid the thinnest in the body? - CORRECT ANSWER - Because
of an attenuated (thin) dermis, less adrenal structures, minimal hypodermis in orbital region, and
no hypodermis in tarsal region
If a patient experiences trauma or loses part of their eyelid, why is it important to take skin from
other eyelid? - CORRECT ANSWER - Since thinnest skin of the body, it is different from
any other skin of the body. Usually doesn't leave a scar due to hypodermis.
What structures make up the eyelid? - CORRECT ANSWER - Skin, tarsal plate, orbital
septum, orbicularis oculi muscle, levator palpebrae muscle, Müller's muscle, capsulopalpebral
fascia, palpebral conjuctiva
What is the tarsal plate? - CORRECT ANSWER - a fold of connective tissue that gives
form to the eyelids (gives the lids structure and rigidity)
Superior tarsus extends from eyelid margin to the: - CORRECT ANSWER - superior
palpebral sulus
Inferior tarsus extends from the eyelid margin to the: - CORRECT ANSWER - inferior
palpebral sulcus
What are the attachments of the tarsal plates? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Laterally to the
medial and lateral palpebral ligaments
, -Upper edge of superior tarsus is attached to levator aponeurosis and Muller's muscle
-Lower edge of the inferior tarsus is attached to the capsulopalpebral fascia and Muller's muscle
What are meibomian glands? - CORRECT ANSWER - -modified sebaceous glands that
extend from vertical length of the tarsal plate
-secrete an oily lubricating material onto the lids
What is the orbital septum? - CORRECT ANSWER - -sheet of dense connective tissue
that extends entire rim of the orbit to the tarsal plate
-anterior barrier of the orbit (separates the eyelids and lacrimal sac from the orbit)
-keeps orbital fat in place
What is the attachment of the orbital septum? - CORRECT ANSWER - -In the UL,
becomes a thickening of the periosteum at the superior orbital rim and attaches distally to levator
aponeurosis
-In the LL, becomes a becomes a thickening of periosteum at inferior orbital rim then attaches
distally to capsulopalpebral fascia
What is orbicularis oculi muscle? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Skeletal muscle that functions
as the protractor (extend or lengthen) the ULs and LLs
-contraction closes the eyelids
What are the attaches of the orbicularis oculi muscle? - CORRECT ANSWER - Originates
from medial orbital rim (maxillary and lacrimal bones) to encircle the eye and insert into the
lateral palpebral ligaments
What are the two regions of the orbicularis oculi muscle? - CORRECT ANSWER --
orbital region
-palpebral region
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Where does the upper eyelids (RUL and LUL) extend from? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Conjunctival fornix to the superior orbital rim
Where does the the lower eyelid (RLL and LLL) extend from? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Conjunctival fornix to the nasojugal and palpebromalar sulci
Upper and lower eyelids meet at: - CORRECT ANSWER - canthus
What is the lateral canthus? - CORRECT ANSWER - 5-7mm medial to lateral orbital rim
and lies directly on the globe
What is the medial canthus? - CORRECT ANSWER - Medial orbital rim and is separated
from the globe by the lacrimal lake (separate globe and medial canthus)
Opening between the upper and lower eyelids - CORRECT ANSWER - palpebral fissure
What are the dimensions of the palpebral fissure? - CORRECT ANSWER - Horizontal
about 33mm and vertical 10 mm
the distance between the corneal reflex and the UL margin - CORRECT ANSWER -
Marginal reflex distance 1 (4-4.5 mm)
the distance between the corneal reflex and the LL margin - CORRECT ANSWER -
Marginal reflex distance 2 (>5mm)
What is the corneal reflex? - CORRECT ANSWER - -separates the two marginal reflex
distance
,-where light reflects off cornea
What are the characteristics of the skin of the eyelid? - CORRECT ANSWER - -barrier to
outside environment
-folds easily, very flexible
-thinnest skin in the body <1 mm in thickness
-composed of epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis
Why is the skin of the eyelid the thinnest in the body? - CORRECT ANSWER - Because
of an attenuated (thin) dermis, less adrenal structures, minimal hypodermis in orbital region, and
no hypodermis in tarsal region
If a patient experiences trauma or loses part of their eyelid, why is it important to take skin from
other eyelid? - CORRECT ANSWER - Since thinnest skin of the body, it is different from
any other skin of the body. Usually doesn't leave a scar due to hypodermis.
What structures make up the eyelid? - CORRECT ANSWER - Skin, tarsal plate, orbital
septum, orbicularis oculi muscle, levator palpebrae muscle, Müller's muscle, capsulopalpebral
fascia, palpebral conjuctiva
What is the tarsal plate? - CORRECT ANSWER - a fold of connective tissue that gives
form to the eyelids (gives the lids structure and rigidity)
Superior tarsus extends from eyelid margin to the: - CORRECT ANSWER - superior
palpebral sulus
Inferior tarsus extends from the eyelid margin to the: - CORRECT ANSWER - inferior
palpebral sulcus
What are the attachments of the tarsal plates? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Laterally to the
medial and lateral palpebral ligaments
, -Upper edge of superior tarsus is attached to levator aponeurosis and Muller's muscle
-Lower edge of the inferior tarsus is attached to the capsulopalpebral fascia and Muller's muscle
What are meibomian glands? - CORRECT ANSWER - -modified sebaceous glands that
extend from vertical length of the tarsal plate
-secrete an oily lubricating material onto the lids
What is the orbital septum? - CORRECT ANSWER - -sheet of dense connective tissue
that extends entire rim of the orbit to the tarsal plate
-anterior barrier of the orbit (separates the eyelids and lacrimal sac from the orbit)
-keeps orbital fat in place
What is the attachment of the orbital septum? - CORRECT ANSWER - -In the UL,
becomes a thickening of the periosteum at the superior orbital rim and attaches distally to levator
aponeurosis
-In the LL, becomes a becomes a thickening of periosteum at inferior orbital rim then attaches
distally to capsulopalpebral fascia
What is orbicularis oculi muscle? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Skeletal muscle that functions
as the protractor (extend or lengthen) the ULs and LLs
-contraction closes the eyelids
What are the attaches of the orbicularis oculi muscle? - CORRECT ANSWER - Originates
from medial orbital rim (maxillary and lacrimal bones) to encircle the eye and insert into the
lateral palpebral ligaments
What are the two regions of the orbicularis oculi muscle? - CORRECT ANSWER --
orbital region
-palpebral region
