Opt 202 – Pharmacokinetics UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Pharmacokinetics - CORRECT ANSWER - The actions of the body on the drug
4 actions of the body on the drug - CORRECT ANSWER - Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
Metabolism can occur before Distribution (T/F) - CORRECT ANSWER -T
Routes of Administration determined by - CORRECT ANSWER - Properties of the drug
Therapeutic objectives
Routes of Administration 2 major routes - CORRECT ANSWER - Enteral
Parenteral
Therapeutic objectives of drugs examples - CORRECT ANSWER - Rapid onset
Chronic administration
Restriction to a local site
Setting in which it will be used
Enteral Administration - CORRECT ANSWER - Administration by mouth
Simplest and most common method
Swallowed or placed under tongue
,Oral Administration advantages - CORRECT ANSWER - Easily self-administered
Easier to overcome overdoses
Large surface area for absoprtion
Oral Administration disadvantages - CORRECT ANSWER - Complicated pathway to
absorption
Harsh environment of stomach
Metabolism by liver
Large area for drug absorption located in the... - CORRECT ANSWER - Small intestine
First Pass Metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER - Any drug swallowed = Go To Liver First
Oral Administration absorption - CORRECT ANSWER - Some absorbed in stomach
Major site of absorption and entry into systemic circulation is small intestine
Most absorbed via GI tract will enter Hepatic circulation before general circulation
Sub-lingual Administration advantages - CORRECT ANSWER - Rapid absorption
Easily administered
Low incidence of infection
Avoid stomach = avoid First Pass
If a drug undergoes extensive First Pass metabolism, you would use... - CORRECT
ANSWER - Sub-lingual Administration
, Parenteral - CORRECT ANSWER - Introduction of drugs directly across the body's barrier
defenses into the systemic circulation or other vascular tissue (bypass GI tract)
Parenteral used for: - CORRECT ANSWER - Drugs poorly absorbed/unstable in GI tract
Treat unconscious patients
When rapid onset of action is required
Parenteral advantages and disadvantages - CORRECT ANSWER - Have the highest
bioavailability
No First Pass
Provides most control of dosage
Irreversible
Can cause pain, fear, infection
Parenteral major routes - CORRECT ANSWER - Intravascular (Intra-arterial or
Intravenous)
Intramuscular (IM)
Subcutaneous (SC)
Intravenous - CORRECT ANSWER - Most common Parenteral
Rapid effects
Not easily recalled
Greater potential for toxic OD
Infection
Rate of infusion must be controlled
These all apply to IA, too
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Pharmacokinetics - CORRECT ANSWER - The actions of the body on the drug
4 actions of the body on the drug - CORRECT ANSWER - Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
Metabolism can occur before Distribution (T/F) - CORRECT ANSWER -T
Routes of Administration determined by - CORRECT ANSWER - Properties of the drug
Therapeutic objectives
Routes of Administration 2 major routes - CORRECT ANSWER - Enteral
Parenteral
Therapeutic objectives of drugs examples - CORRECT ANSWER - Rapid onset
Chronic administration
Restriction to a local site
Setting in which it will be used
Enteral Administration - CORRECT ANSWER - Administration by mouth
Simplest and most common method
Swallowed or placed under tongue
,Oral Administration advantages - CORRECT ANSWER - Easily self-administered
Easier to overcome overdoses
Large surface area for absoprtion
Oral Administration disadvantages - CORRECT ANSWER - Complicated pathway to
absorption
Harsh environment of stomach
Metabolism by liver
Large area for drug absorption located in the... - CORRECT ANSWER - Small intestine
First Pass Metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER - Any drug swallowed = Go To Liver First
Oral Administration absorption - CORRECT ANSWER - Some absorbed in stomach
Major site of absorption and entry into systemic circulation is small intestine
Most absorbed via GI tract will enter Hepatic circulation before general circulation
Sub-lingual Administration advantages - CORRECT ANSWER - Rapid absorption
Easily administered
Low incidence of infection
Avoid stomach = avoid First Pass
If a drug undergoes extensive First Pass metabolism, you would use... - CORRECT
ANSWER - Sub-lingual Administration
, Parenteral - CORRECT ANSWER - Introduction of drugs directly across the body's barrier
defenses into the systemic circulation or other vascular tissue (bypass GI tract)
Parenteral used for: - CORRECT ANSWER - Drugs poorly absorbed/unstable in GI tract
Treat unconscious patients
When rapid onset of action is required
Parenteral advantages and disadvantages - CORRECT ANSWER - Have the highest
bioavailability
No First Pass
Provides most control of dosage
Irreversible
Can cause pain, fear, infection
Parenteral major routes - CORRECT ANSWER - Intravascular (Intra-arterial or
Intravenous)
Intramuscular (IM)
Subcutaneous (SC)
Intravenous - CORRECT ANSWER - Most common Parenteral
Rapid effects
Not easily recalled
Greater potential for toxic OD
Infection
Rate of infusion must be controlled
These all apply to IA, too
