ASU MIC 205 PENTON EXAM 2 NEWEST ACTUAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
DNA is made of - (ANSWER)nucleotides
Uracil replaces what in RNA? - (ANSWER)Thymine
Phosphodiester bond - (ANSWER)the two backbones of DNA
DNAs structure is - (ANSWER)double helix
Antiparallel - (ANSWER)2 strands that run in opposite directions, 5' to 3'
Complementary bases - (ANSWER)A-T, G-C
Bacterial DNA's shape is always what and why? - (ANSWER)Circular and
supercoiled in shape and it helps gene transcription
Plasmids (Conjugation) - (ANSWER)pilus, horizontal gene transfer, can integrate
into the chromosome (homologous recombination)
F+ - (ANSWER)F plasmid
,F- - (ANSWER)no F plasmid
Steps of horizontal gene transfer (conjugation) - (ANSWER)1. F pilus extends and
binds to F- cell wall
2. Cells are drawn together, protein corridor forms between cells
3. DNase cuts plasmid DNA at target site, single strand moves across corridor, F-
cell synthesizes complementary strand, F+ cell replaces transferred strand
4. Cells separate at completion of transfer and synthesis, both are now F+ and can
conjugate with other F- cells
Agrobacterium tumefaciens - (ANSWER)- able to transfer plasmids across
kingdoms (to plants)
- nitrogen fixing bacteria (gas to ammonia NH3)
- makes plant tumors that produce opines (opines=supplies N and energy to the
bacteria)
- these plasmids are endosymbionts of the bacteria and "parasites" of the plant
- used for genetic engineering GMO crops and Ab production
RNA - (ANSWER)single stranded molecule
Ribosome - (ANSWER)mixture of DNA and RNA, will form complex structures
mRNA (messenger RNA) - (ANSWER)- blueprint
, - copy of information in DNA that is brought to the ribosome where the
information is translated into a protein
rRNA (ribosomal RNA) - (ANSWER)- factory
- the protein factories of the cells
tRNA (trnasfer RNA) - (ANSWER)- truck
- brings amino acid to the ribosome
Genotype - (ANSWER)set of genes in an organism
Phenotype - (ANSWER)the physical manifestation of the genotype
In a bacteria gene regulation occurs at what level? - (ANSWER)Transcription
tRNA contains what that bring amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain? -
(ANSWER)anticodons
Transcription is... - (ANSWER)DNA to RNA
RNA polymerase is responsible for what? - (ANSWER)Reading the DNA blue print
and converting it into single stranded RNA
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
DNA is made of - (ANSWER)nucleotides
Uracil replaces what in RNA? - (ANSWER)Thymine
Phosphodiester bond - (ANSWER)the two backbones of DNA
DNAs structure is - (ANSWER)double helix
Antiparallel - (ANSWER)2 strands that run in opposite directions, 5' to 3'
Complementary bases - (ANSWER)A-T, G-C
Bacterial DNA's shape is always what and why? - (ANSWER)Circular and
supercoiled in shape and it helps gene transcription
Plasmids (Conjugation) - (ANSWER)pilus, horizontal gene transfer, can integrate
into the chromosome (homologous recombination)
F+ - (ANSWER)F plasmid
,F- - (ANSWER)no F plasmid
Steps of horizontal gene transfer (conjugation) - (ANSWER)1. F pilus extends and
binds to F- cell wall
2. Cells are drawn together, protein corridor forms between cells
3. DNase cuts plasmid DNA at target site, single strand moves across corridor, F-
cell synthesizes complementary strand, F+ cell replaces transferred strand
4. Cells separate at completion of transfer and synthesis, both are now F+ and can
conjugate with other F- cells
Agrobacterium tumefaciens - (ANSWER)- able to transfer plasmids across
kingdoms (to plants)
- nitrogen fixing bacteria (gas to ammonia NH3)
- makes plant tumors that produce opines (opines=supplies N and energy to the
bacteria)
- these plasmids are endosymbionts of the bacteria and "parasites" of the plant
- used for genetic engineering GMO crops and Ab production
RNA - (ANSWER)single stranded molecule
Ribosome - (ANSWER)mixture of DNA and RNA, will form complex structures
mRNA (messenger RNA) - (ANSWER)- blueprint
, - copy of information in DNA that is brought to the ribosome where the
information is translated into a protein
rRNA (ribosomal RNA) - (ANSWER)- factory
- the protein factories of the cells
tRNA (trnasfer RNA) - (ANSWER)- truck
- brings amino acid to the ribosome
Genotype - (ANSWER)set of genes in an organism
Phenotype - (ANSWER)the physical manifestation of the genotype
In a bacteria gene regulation occurs at what level? - (ANSWER)Transcription
tRNA contains what that bring amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain? -
(ANSWER)anticodons
Transcription is... - (ANSWER)DNA to RNA
RNA polymerase is responsible for what? - (ANSWER)Reading the DNA blue print
and converting it into single stranded RNA
