2025 QMHA MENTAL DISORDERS ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS 2025/2026 GRADED A+
Environmental Risk Factors for Conduct Disorder - Consist of harsh or inconsistent
child-rearing practices, child maltreatment, parental criminality, frequent changes of
caregivers, large family size, familial psychopathology, and early institutional living.
Community Risk Factors for Conduct Disorder - Involve neighborhood exposure to
violence, peer rejection, and association with a delinquent peer group.
Symptoms of Conduct Disorder - Include aggression towards people and animals,
destruction of property, deceitfulness or theft, and serious violations of rules.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) - Characterized by persistent intrusive thoughts
(obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) to alleviate anxiety.
Causes of OCD - Genetic predisposition, environmental factors like childhood trauma,
and high stress levels.
OCD Compulsions - Behaviors aimed at reducing anxiety but are excessive and
unrealistic.
Schizophrenia - Brain disorder affecting thinking, with symptoms like delusions,
hallucinations, and disorganized behavior.
Physiological Factors of Schizophrenia - Complications during pregnancy, birth, urban
upbringing, and birth season may increase risk.
Schizophrenic Positive Symptoms - Include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized
speech, and abnormal behavior.
Schizophrenic Negative Symptoms - Flat affect, social withdrawal, lack of motivation,
and reduced speech.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) - Symptoms following exposure to a traumatic
event, leading to significant distress.
Pre-Traumatic Factors for PTSD - Early emotional issues, low socioeconomic status,
trauma history, and family psychiatric background.
Peri-Traumatic Factors for PTSD - Trauma severity, perceived threat, personal harm,
violence, and dissociation during and after the event.
Post-Traumatic Factors - Factors that can exacerbate PTSD symptoms, such as
negative appraisals, ineffective coping strategies, subsequent exposure to distressing
reminders, subsequent adverse life events, and other trauma-related losses.
, Symptoms of PTSD - Include avoidance of stimuli associated with the traumatic event,
negative changes in cognition and mood related to the trauma, changes in arousal like
hyper vigilance and exaggerated startle response, as well as irritable or self-destructive
behavior.
Exposure Therapy - Therapeutic approach that helps individuals confront and manage
their fear by gradually exposing them to the traumatic event in a safe manner, using
techniques like mental imagery, writing, or revisiting the location of the trauma to
develop coping strategies.
Cognitive Restructuring - Therapeutic technique that assists individuals in making sense
of distressing memories and challenging negative thought patterns.
Psychological Therapies - Therapies that teach individuals constructive ways to respond
to triggering events that elicit PTSD symptoms.
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies - Therapies that help individuals address fears by
modifying their thought processes and responses to stressors.
Mindfulness Therapy - Therapeutic approach that promotes present-moment awareness
and acceptance of distressing thoughts and emotions, fostering self-acceptance.
Anti-Anxiety Medications - Include benzodiazepines like clonazepam, lorazepam, and
alprazolam, which are used to manage anxiety symptoms.
Anti-Depressants - Include medications like fluoxetine, sertraline, and venlafaxine,
commonly used to treat depression and sometimes PTSD symptoms.
ADHD Coaching - Involves working with individuals to enhance skills in scheduling, goal
setting, confidence building, organization, and persistence in completing tasks in daily
life.
Depressive Disorder Treatments - Medications that target neurotransmitters like
serotonin and norepinephrine. Includes SSRIs, SNRIs, tricyclic antidepressants, and
MAOIs.
Bipolar Disorder Medications - Include mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and
antidepressants.
Schizophrenia Treatment - Focuses on symptom management through medications,
behavioral therapies, illness management, rehabilitation, family education, and
cognitive-behavioral therapy.
PTSD Treatment - Involves exposure therapy, cognitive restructuring, and psychological
therapies.
ANSWERS 2025/2026 GRADED A+
Environmental Risk Factors for Conduct Disorder - Consist of harsh or inconsistent
child-rearing practices, child maltreatment, parental criminality, frequent changes of
caregivers, large family size, familial psychopathology, and early institutional living.
Community Risk Factors for Conduct Disorder - Involve neighborhood exposure to
violence, peer rejection, and association with a delinquent peer group.
Symptoms of Conduct Disorder - Include aggression towards people and animals,
destruction of property, deceitfulness or theft, and serious violations of rules.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) - Characterized by persistent intrusive thoughts
(obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) to alleviate anxiety.
Causes of OCD - Genetic predisposition, environmental factors like childhood trauma,
and high stress levels.
OCD Compulsions - Behaviors aimed at reducing anxiety but are excessive and
unrealistic.
Schizophrenia - Brain disorder affecting thinking, with symptoms like delusions,
hallucinations, and disorganized behavior.
Physiological Factors of Schizophrenia - Complications during pregnancy, birth, urban
upbringing, and birth season may increase risk.
Schizophrenic Positive Symptoms - Include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized
speech, and abnormal behavior.
Schizophrenic Negative Symptoms - Flat affect, social withdrawal, lack of motivation,
and reduced speech.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) - Symptoms following exposure to a traumatic
event, leading to significant distress.
Pre-Traumatic Factors for PTSD - Early emotional issues, low socioeconomic status,
trauma history, and family psychiatric background.
Peri-Traumatic Factors for PTSD - Trauma severity, perceived threat, personal harm,
violence, and dissociation during and after the event.
Post-Traumatic Factors - Factors that can exacerbate PTSD symptoms, such as
negative appraisals, ineffective coping strategies, subsequent exposure to distressing
reminders, subsequent adverse life events, and other trauma-related losses.
, Symptoms of PTSD - Include avoidance of stimuli associated with the traumatic event,
negative changes in cognition and mood related to the trauma, changes in arousal like
hyper vigilance and exaggerated startle response, as well as irritable or self-destructive
behavior.
Exposure Therapy - Therapeutic approach that helps individuals confront and manage
their fear by gradually exposing them to the traumatic event in a safe manner, using
techniques like mental imagery, writing, or revisiting the location of the trauma to
develop coping strategies.
Cognitive Restructuring - Therapeutic technique that assists individuals in making sense
of distressing memories and challenging negative thought patterns.
Psychological Therapies - Therapies that teach individuals constructive ways to respond
to triggering events that elicit PTSD symptoms.
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies - Therapies that help individuals address fears by
modifying their thought processes and responses to stressors.
Mindfulness Therapy - Therapeutic approach that promotes present-moment awareness
and acceptance of distressing thoughts and emotions, fostering self-acceptance.
Anti-Anxiety Medications - Include benzodiazepines like clonazepam, lorazepam, and
alprazolam, which are used to manage anxiety symptoms.
Anti-Depressants - Include medications like fluoxetine, sertraline, and venlafaxine,
commonly used to treat depression and sometimes PTSD symptoms.
ADHD Coaching - Involves working with individuals to enhance skills in scheduling, goal
setting, confidence building, organization, and persistence in completing tasks in daily
life.
Depressive Disorder Treatments - Medications that target neurotransmitters like
serotonin and norepinephrine. Includes SSRIs, SNRIs, tricyclic antidepressants, and
MAOIs.
Bipolar Disorder Medications - Include mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and
antidepressants.
Schizophrenia Treatment - Focuses on symptom management through medications,
behavioral therapies, illness management, rehabilitation, family education, and
cognitive-behavioral therapy.
PTSD Treatment - Involves exposure therapy, cognitive restructuring, and psychological
therapies.
