BIOD 152 EXAM 7
1. Which of the following statements is false concerning the RAA system?
Answer: B.It responds when blood pressure becomes too high.
2. The greatest amount of occurs in the cells of the PCT.
Answer: A.Reabsorption
3. Which of the following is true concerning ADH?
Answer:
C. It retains up to99% of water in the filtrate.
D. It is unable to respond during severe blood loss.
4. What is countercurrent flow? How does the nephron use this to maintain homeostasis?
Answer: Countercurrent flow is the movement of fluids in opposite directionsthrough adjacent
channels. In the nephron, filtrate flows in one direction through the renal tubules while blood
in the adjacent blood vessels flows in the opposite direction.
5. Describe the action of aldosterone on the concentrations of sodium andhydrogen in the
filtrate.
Answer: Sodium is removed from the filtrate while hydrogen is pumped inside the filtrate.
6. Describe the action of a drug that increases the rate of flow through the nephron.
Answer: This would be a diuretic. When the filtrate moves at a faster rate throughthe nephron
it allows less time for ions to be removed from the filtrate.
7. Which of the following is true concerning cardiovascular baroreceptors?-
Answer: A. They are mechanoreceptors found in the aortic arch and carotid sinus.
8. Which of the following is an abnormal solute in urine?
Answer: E. Bilepigment
9. Water in the body is primarily found in what body compartment?
Answer: B. Intracellular
10. Urine with a pH of 5.0 is:
Answer: A. within normal range; acidic
, 11. The protein buffer system:
Answer: D. is the main buffer system of the intra-cellular fluid
12. A person is hyperventilating. This falls under what control mechanism? Explain what
hyperventilation accomplishes.
Answer: Respiratory control- Hyperventilation is an increase in the respiratory rate, helping to
remove additional CO2. Withinminutes increasing amounts of CO2is removed. Removing CO2
uses up H+ causesthe pH to rise (becomes more alkaline) and restores correct blood pH.
(Optional) this reaction shifts to the left: CO2+ H2O H2CO3 H+ + HCO3-
13. What control mechanism can remove acids and bases from the body?
Answer: Renal control (Kidneys)
14. Your patient was just admitted to the hospital with renal failure. For the following
questions, use the blood values of: pH =7.1, PCO2 = 30 mm, HCO3-
= 20 mEq/L
A. Determine if the patient is in acidosis or alkalosis.
B. Is the cause respiratory or metabolic?
C. Is the condition being compensated?
D. If compensated, what is the body doing to compensate?
Answer: A. Acidosis (<7.35)
B. Metabolic (HCO3-<22)
C. Yes (PCO2 <35)
D. Hyperventilation to increase CO2 eliminationADVERTISEMENT
15. A person sustained blunt force trauma to the back at the L1 level, with no spinal cord
injury.Would you suspect the kidney to be damaged?
Answer: Yes becausekidneys lays between T 12 and L3
16. Describe the consistency and purpose of the renal capsule
Answer: Its a toughfibrosis outer tissue of kidney provide protection from injuries and
infection
17. Name the cross section of kidney
Answer: pyramid of medulla
18. These arteries divided into the segmental arteries as they flow into thekidney
Answer: Renal
1. Which of the following statements is false concerning the RAA system?
Answer: B.It responds when blood pressure becomes too high.
2. The greatest amount of occurs in the cells of the PCT.
Answer: A.Reabsorption
3. Which of the following is true concerning ADH?
Answer:
C. It retains up to99% of water in the filtrate.
D. It is unable to respond during severe blood loss.
4. What is countercurrent flow? How does the nephron use this to maintain homeostasis?
Answer: Countercurrent flow is the movement of fluids in opposite directionsthrough adjacent
channels. In the nephron, filtrate flows in one direction through the renal tubules while blood
in the adjacent blood vessels flows in the opposite direction.
5. Describe the action of aldosterone on the concentrations of sodium andhydrogen in the
filtrate.
Answer: Sodium is removed from the filtrate while hydrogen is pumped inside the filtrate.
6. Describe the action of a drug that increases the rate of flow through the nephron.
Answer: This would be a diuretic. When the filtrate moves at a faster rate throughthe nephron
it allows less time for ions to be removed from the filtrate.
7. Which of the following is true concerning cardiovascular baroreceptors?-
Answer: A. They are mechanoreceptors found in the aortic arch and carotid sinus.
8. Which of the following is an abnormal solute in urine?
Answer: E. Bilepigment
9. Water in the body is primarily found in what body compartment?
Answer: B. Intracellular
10. Urine with a pH of 5.0 is:
Answer: A. within normal range; acidic
, 11. The protein buffer system:
Answer: D. is the main buffer system of the intra-cellular fluid
12. A person is hyperventilating. This falls under what control mechanism? Explain what
hyperventilation accomplishes.
Answer: Respiratory control- Hyperventilation is an increase in the respiratory rate, helping to
remove additional CO2. Withinminutes increasing amounts of CO2is removed. Removing CO2
uses up H+ causesthe pH to rise (becomes more alkaline) and restores correct blood pH.
(Optional) this reaction shifts to the left: CO2+ H2O H2CO3 H+ + HCO3-
13. What control mechanism can remove acids and bases from the body?
Answer: Renal control (Kidneys)
14. Your patient was just admitted to the hospital with renal failure. For the following
questions, use the blood values of: pH =7.1, PCO2 = 30 mm, HCO3-
= 20 mEq/L
A. Determine if the patient is in acidosis or alkalosis.
B. Is the cause respiratory or metabolic?
C. Is the condition being compensated?
D. If compensated, what is the body doing to compensate?
Answer: A. Acidosis (<7.35)
B. Metabolic (HCO3-<22)
C. Yes (PCO2 <35)
D. Hyperventilation to increase CO2 eliminationADVERTISEMENT
15. A person sustained blunt force trauma to the back at the L1 level, with no spinal cord
injury.Would you suspect the kidney to be damaged?
Answer: Yes becausekidneys lays between T 12 and L3
16. Describe the consistency and purpose of the renal capsule
Answer: Its a toughfibrosis outer tissue of kidney provide protection from injuries and
infection
17. Name the cross section of kidney
Answer: pyramid of medulla
18. These arteries divided into the segmental arteries as they flow into thekidney
Answer: Renal
