AP Bio Energy and Enzyme Test UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
cellular respiration - CORRECT ANSWER - Process that releases energy by breaking down
glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER - Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of
ATP (energy) production
exergonic reaction - CORRECT ANSWER - A spontaneous chemical reaction in which there
is a net release of free energy.
endergonic reaction - CORRECT ANSWER - A non-spontaneous chemical reaction in which
free energy is absorbed from the surroundings.
Glycolysis - CORRECT ANSWER - the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy
and pyruvic acid.
pyruvate oxidation - CORRECT ANSWER - Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and CO2
that occurs in the mitochondrial matrix in the presence of O2.
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle) - CORRECT ANSWER - - 2 Pyruvates enter the
mitochondrion
- releases 2 ATP, 6NADH, and 2 FADH2 for each glucose
Electron Transport Chain (ETC) - CORRECT ANSWER - series of electron carrier proteins
that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions
, Glucose - CORRECT ANSWER - the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides
the major source of energy for body tissues. C6H12O6
Pyruvate - CORRECT ANSWER - Organic compound with a backbone of three carbon
atoms. Two molecules form as end products of glycolysis
Acetyl CoA - CORRECT ANSWER - Acetyl coenzyme A; the entry compound for the citric
acid cycle in cellular respiration, formed from a fragment of pyruvate attached to a coenzyme.
NADH - CORRECT ANSWER - An energy-carrying coenzyme produced by glycolysis and
the Krebs cycle. NADH carries energy to the electron transport chain, where it is stored in ATP.
FADH2 - CORRECT ANSWER - A molecule that stores energy for harvest by the electron
transport chain.
ATP - CORRECT ANSWER - (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for
most of their work
GTP - CORRECT ANSWER - guanosine triphosphate,
energy source in protein synthesis
final electron acceptor of ETC - CORRECT ANSWER - O2
intermembrane space - CORRECT ANSWER - the fluid filled space between the inner and
outer mitochondrial membranes
outer membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - The outer membrane is the outermost membrane in
the mitochondria that protects and holds the form of the organelle.
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
cellular respiration - CORRECT ANSWER - Process that releases energy by breaking down
glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER - Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of
ATP (energy) production
exergonic reaction - CORRECT ANSWER - A spontaneous chemical reaction in which there
is a net release of free energy.
endergonic reaction - CORRECT ANSWER - A non-spontaneous chemical reaction in which
free energy is absorbed from the surroundings.
Glycolysis - CORRECT ANSWER - the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy
and pyruvic acid.
pyruvate oxidation - CORRECT ANSWER - Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and CO2
that occurs in the mitochondrial matrix in the presence of O2.
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle) - CORRECT ANSWER - - 2 Pyruvates enter the
mitochondrion
- releases 2 ATP, 6NADH, and 2 FADH2 for each glucose
Electron Transport Chain (ETC) - CORRECT ANSWER - series of electron carrier proteins
that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions
, Glucose - CORRECT ANSWER - the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides
the major source of energy for body tissues. C6H12O6
Pyruvate - CORRECT ANSWER - Organic compound with a backbone of three carbon
atoms. Two molecules form as end products of glycolysis
Acetyl CoA - CORRECT ANSWER - Acetyl coenzyme A; the entry compound for the citric
acid cycle in cellular respiration, formed from a fragment of pyruvate attached to a coenzyme.
NADH - CORRECT ANSWER - An energy-carrying coenzyme produced by glycolysis and
the Krebs cycle. NADH carries energy to the electron transport chain, where it is stored in ATP.
FADH2 - CORRECT ANSWER - A molecule that stores energy for harvest by the electron
transport chain.
ATP - CORRECT ANSWER - (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for
most of their work
GTP - CORRECT ANSWER - guanosine triphosphate,
energy source in protein synthesis
final electron acceptor of ETC - CORRECT ANSWER - O2
intermembrane space - CORRECT ANSWER - the fluid filled space between the inner and
outer mitochondrial membranes
outer membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - The outer membrane is the outermost membrane in
the mitochondria that protects and holds the form of the organelle.
