EXAM COMPLETE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED
A+||BRAND NEW VERSION!!
Who developed the process of transformation? - ANSWER-1928
Frederick Griffith when he was trying to develop a vaccine for
pneumonia caused by streptococcus pneumoniae.
S strain - ANSWER-has a protective capsule and caused deadly
pneumonia when injected into mice. S for smooth, capsule
helps with identification, desiccation, and phagocytosis.
What are the symptoms of subacute endocarditis? - ANSWER-
Slowly develop fever, fatigue, heart murmurs.
What are the symptoms of acute endocarditis? - ANSWER-
Infection often secondary to IV drug use. Abrupt onset of
shaking chills, high fevers, rapid valve destruction.
What is abscesses? - ANSWER-Oxygen hating critters
(anaerobes but facultative). Streptococcus intermedius growing
out of blood culture expect an abscess hiding in organ.
,Where are abscesses found? - ANSWER-In abscesses in the
brain or abdominal organs
Group D Streptococci break down... - ANSWER-Alpha-
hemolytic divided into two groups: 1)enterococci
2) non-enterococci
What are the symptoms of acute post-streptococcal
glomerulonephritis? - ANSWER-Puffy face (fluid retention),
dark urine (cola colored), high blood pressure.
What is the damage from in acute post-streptococcal
glomerulonephritis? - ANSWER-Damage is from circulating
Antibody IgM = Immunoglobulin M, which is a massive
pentamer. Antibodies of a pentamer are specific for one
antigen, it slows down and tracks pathogens based on a
specific antigenic sequence that ends up being deposited in
the kidneys. When they build up in the kidneys it will cause an
immune response and inflammation will occur and cystolysis
of kidney cells will occur.
What is Group B Streptococci? - ANSWER-Beta hemolytic = B
for baby
, What does Group B Streptococci cause? - ANSWER-#1 cause
of neonatal pneumonia and spesis.
Why is Group B Streptococci hard to diagnose? - ANSWER-
Neonates do not present with a stiff neck (which is a classic
meningitis sign). Many non-specific signs: fever, vomiting, poor
feeding, irritability
Examples of enterococci: - ANSWER-E. faecalis and E. faecium
Examples of non-enterococci: - ANSWER-S. bovis and S.
equinus
Characteristics of enterococci: - ANSWER--very hard to kill
-can live in high salt, low salt, extremophiles
-normal bowel flora
-resistant to most drugs and used to kill G+ bacteria
-biliary tract infections (liver, gallbladder)
-UTI
How is acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis caused? -
ANSWER-One week after infection of the pharynx (pharyngitis)
or the skin by strains of pyogenes; even with penicillin use.