PLATINUM FINAL EXAM EMTP 3.3 REVIEW
1. What is the best Endotracheal intubation is frequently needed for supportive therapy in the man-
airway device to agement of inhalation injury.
use for smoke in-
halation?
2. Most pertinent Ventilation is the movement of air in and out of the lungs through a patent airway.
piece of informa- The majority of observations regarding ventilation focus on the movements of the
tion in evaluating chest.
a patient's venti-
latory status? SIGNS OF ADEQUATE VENTILATION:
In most patients, your assessment of ventilation will be based on observing their
respiratory rate (normal 12 to 20) and listening for clear breathing sounds in the
left and right chest. Auditory confirmation of breathing sounds is the strongest
sign of adequate ventilation. In patients on ventilators or bag-valve-mask, this
does not change.
3. Most pertinent Oxygenation is the delivery of oxygen to the tissues of the body, poor ventilation
piece of informa- or respiration will generally lead to poor oxygenation. Loss of oxygenation is
tion in evaluating the ultimate result of ventilatory or respiratory failure. You need to observe the
a patient's oxy- patient's mental status, skin color, oral mucosa, and check a pulse oximeter.
genation status?
Mental status is either normal or abnormal, assessing mental status is based on
asking questions about who the person is, what time/date it is, where they are,
and why they are here.
Skin and mucosal color are important indicators of oxygenation. Just as with poor
respiration, cyanosis, pallor, or mottling are signs of decreased oxygen delivery.
Pulse oximetry level is the most objective measure of oxygenation, it reads the
saturation of hemoglobin (reported as SPO2), note that a pulse oximeter is
not foolproof. A patient with poor oxygenation in the limbs may have sufficient
oxygenation to their core or vise-versa. Pulse oximeters can also be fooled by
specific toxic gases. Always ensure that you match up your pulse oximetry readings
, PLATINUM FINAL EXAM EMTP 3.3 REVIEW
with physical findings and ensure they support one another. Pulse oximeters are
imperfect and are not a real-time measure of O2 saturation
4. Most important Prior to applying supplemental oxygen, objective data regarding patient status
assessment in should quickly be obtained such as airway patency, respiratory rate, pulse oxime-
evaluating a pa- try, and lung sounds. Signs of cyanosis in the skin or nail bed assessment should
tient's oxygen also be noted.
delivery to the
brain?
5. What is the next BVM
step to take if a
patient's breath-
ing does not im-
prove with an
NRB?
6. What is the next After manually opening an unconscious patient's airway, you should: check the
step to take after mouth for secretions, foreign bodies, or dentures. If clear, then started manually
opening the air- ventilating!
way of an unre-
sponsive patient
with slow, shal-
low respirations?
7. Know your venti- Adult: 12-20/minute
lation rates Child: 15-30/minute
Infant: 25-50/minute
8. Flow rates for 02 Nasal Cannula - 2-6L/min
devices: Nebulizer - 6-8L/min
Non-ReBreather - 10-15L/min
BMV - 15L/min
, PLATINUM FINAL EXAM EMTP 3.3 REVIEW
EndoTracheal Tube - 15L/min
King LTS-D - 15L/min
CPAP - 25L/min (oxygen port)
9. When to use One intubation attempt with the definitive airway on patients in cardiac arrest
what airway de- before a provider can attempt placement of a supraglottic airway (King Airway).
vice given a sce- If the first attempt fails, the provider may attempt at intubation again, or elect to
nario / When to place the King Airway or return to the BLS airway (BVM).
use what venti-
lation device giv-
en a scenario: ET
Tube
10. When to use These devices are best used when the ET Tube does not work.
what airway de-
vice given a sce-
nario / When to
use what ventila-
tion device given
a scenario: King
LT
11. When to use It is secured in the throat via the inflation cuff, although the seal of the LMA is not
what airway de- as effective as that of an ETT. An iGel works the same way, and does not have an
vice given a sce- inflatable cuff.
nario / When to These devices are best used when the ET Tube does not work.
use what ventila-
tion device given
a scenario: LMA /
iGel
12. When to use Used for patients with CHF, or drowning victims. Used to help get fluid out of
what airway de- the lungs that is signified by crackles or rales. Must meet requirements of blood
, PLATINUM FINAL EXAM EMTP 3.3 REVIEW
vice given a sce- pressure and consciousness to be used. Can have a nebulizer connected if the
nario / When to situation requires it.
use what ventila-
tion device given
a scenario: CPAP
13. When to use Used for minimal oxygen for patients that have a lower SPO2 than 95%
what airway de-
vice given a sce-
nario / When to
use what ventila-
tion device given
a scenario: Nasal
Cannula
14. When to use Used for patients that require more than 6L of oxygen, and can be used with a
what airway de- nebulizer for maximum efficiency.
vice given a sce-
nario / When to
use what venti-
lation device giv-
en a scenario:
Non-Rebreather
15. When to use BLS airway that is used initially before an advanced airway, and connected to one
what airway de- if one is placed.
vice given a sce-
nario / When to
use what ventila-
tion device given
a scenario: BVM
16.
1. What is the best Endotracheal intubation is frequently needed for supportive therapy in the man-
airway device to agement of inhalation injury.
use for smoke in-
halation?
2. Most pertinent Ventilation is the movement of air in and out of the lungs through a patent airway.
piece of informa- The majority of observations regarding ventilation focus on the movements of the
tion in evaluating chest.
a patient's venti-
latory status? SIGNS OF ADEQUATE VENTILATION:
In most patients, your assessment of ventilation will be based on observing their
respiratory rate (normal 12 to 20) and listening for clear breathing sounds in the
left and right chest. Auditory confirmation of breathing sounds is the strongest
sign of adequate ventilation. In patients on ventilators or bag-valve-mask, this
does not change.
3. Most pertinent Oxygenation is the delivery of oxygen to the tissues of the body, poor ventilation
piece of informa- or respiration will generally lead to poor oxygenation. Loss of oxygenation is
tion in evaluating the ultimate result of ventilatory or respiratory failure. You need to observe the
a patient's oxy- patient's mental status, skin color, oral mucosa, and check a pulse oximeter.
genation status?
Mental status is either normal or abnormal, assessing mental status is based on
asking questions about who the person is, what time/date it is, where they are,
and why they are here.
Skin and mucosal color are important indicators of oxygenation. Just as with poor
respiration, cyanosis, pallor, or mottling are signs of decreased oxygen delivery.
Pulse oximetry level is the most objective measure of oxygenation, it reads the
saturation of hemoglobin (reported as SPO2), note that a pulse oximeter is
not foolproof. A patient with poor oxygenation in the limbs may have sufficient
oxygenation to their core or vise-versa. Pulse oximeters can also be fooled by
specific toxic gases. Always ensure that you match up your pulse oximetry readings
, PLATINUM FINAL EXAM EMTP 3.3 REVIEW
with physical findings and ensure they support one another. Pulse oximeters are
imperfect and are not a real-time measure of O2 saturation
4. Most important Prior to applying supplemental oxygen, objective data regarding patient status
assessment in should quickly be obtained such as airway patency, respiratory rate, pulse oxime-
evaluating a pa- try, and lung sounds. Signs of cyanosis in the skin or nail bed assessment should
tient's oxygen also be noted.
delivery to the
brain?
5. What is the next BVM
step to take if a
patient's breath-
ing does not im-
prove with an
NRB?
6. What is the next After manually opening an unconscious patient's airway, you should: check the
step to take after mouth for secretions, foreign bodies, or dentures. If clear, then started manually
opening the air- ventilating!
way of an unre-
sponsive patient
with slow, shal-
low respirations?
7. Know your venti- Adult: 12-20/minute
lation rates Child: 15-30/minute
Infant: 25-50/minute
8. Flow rates for 02 Nasal Cannula - 2-6L/min
devices: Nebulizer - 6-8L/min
Non-ReBreather - 10-15L/min
BMV - 15L/min
, PLATINUM FINAL EXAM EMTP 3.3 REVIEW
EndoTracheal Tube - 15L/min
King LTS-D - 15L/min
CPAP - 25L/min (oxygen port)
9. When to use One intubation attempt with the definitive airway on patients in cardiac arrest
what airway de- before a provider can attempt placement of a supraglottic airway (King Airway).
vice given a sce- If the first attempt fails, the provider may attempt at intubation again, or elect to
nario / When to place the King Airway or return to the BLS airway (BVM).
use what venti-
lation device giv-
en a scenario: ET
Tube
10. When to use These devices are best used when the ET Tube does not work.
what airway de-
vice given a sce-
nario / When to
use what ventila-
tion device given
a scenario: King
LT
11. When to use It is secured in the throat via the inflation cuff, although the seal of the LMA is not
what airway de- as effective as that of an ETT. An iGel works the same way, and does not have an
vice given a sce- inflatable cuff.
nario / When to These devices are best used when the ET Tube does not work.
use what ventila-
tion device given
a scenario: LMA /
iGel
12. When to use Used for patients with CHF, or drowning victims. Used to help get fluid out of
what airway de- the lungs that is signified by crackles or rales. Must meet requirements of blood
, PLATINUM FINAL EXAM EMTP 3.3 REVIEW
vice given a sce- pressure and consciousness to be used. Can have a nebulizer connected if the
nario / When to situation requires it.
use what ventila-
tion device given
a scenario: CPAP
13. When to use Used for minimal oxygen for patients that have a lower SPO2 than 95%
what airway de-
vice given a sce-
nario / When to
use what ventila-
tion device given
a scenario: Nasal
Cannula
14. When to use Used for patients that require more than 6L of oxygen, and can be used with a
what airway de- nebulizer for maximum efficiency.
vice given a sce-
nario / When to
use what venti-
lation device giv-
en a scenario:
Non-Rebreather
15. When to use BLS airway that is used initially before an advanced airway, and connected to one
what airway de- if one is placed.
vice given a sce-
nario / When to
use what ventila-
tion device given
a scenario: BVM
16.
