PHIL 482 Exam 3 Questions and Answers Latest Version 2025 Already Passed

PHIL 482 Exam 3 Questions and Answers Latest Version 2025 Already Passed Actor-Network Theory (ANT) - Answers Bombs and other technological artifacts DO have moral properties Latour's views are based on the ANY The Boundary between objects and subjects (humans) is no longer possible to uphold. Moral Status of Technological Artefacts - Answers Common Sense View and Strong View Moderate View - Answers Technological artifacts cannot be a part of a moral agent The object cannot be a part of the subject The object cannot be morally responsible ARTIFACTS DO HAVE MORAL RELEVANCE Artifact - Answers any object intentionally created by humans Common Sense View of Technological Artefacts - Answers man-made objects are mere tools used by humans so artifacts have no moral properties you cannot blame a bomb...the type of entities that are right/wrong are actions performed by human beingsmorality is inside the things" "Script" - Answers What the material object itself invites or inhibits a user to do. What is meant by Don Ihde's Phrase "technological intentionality"? - Answers Technology "shades" how we see the world, emphasizing some things at the expense of others. What does Martin Heidegger say often happens with tools as they are used? - Answers They become invisible because the user's focus is on the task at hand. They are noticed when they do not function as designed. Which of the following is an example of a mediating technology? - Answers The use of an x-ray machine to view a broken bone Which of the following is an example of an embodiment relationship? - Answers The use of a white cane by a blind user. What is meant by Don Ihde's term "multistability"? - Answers An artifact can be used in different ways based on each user's intentions. sociological crtique - Answers one based on study of the development, structure, and activities of a communities of persons. Ellul's Technique Ellul's definition of technique - Answers our systematic commitment to maximizing efficiency and increasing productivity in all areas of human behavior "the totality of methods rationally arrived at and having absolute efficiency for a given stage of development in every field of human activity" Default approach to issues in a technological society Ellul's Effiency - Answers The ultimate value or measure for technique (best course of action is the one most efficient) Expressions of Inadequacy - Answers Inadequacy of enlightenment of thinking Criticism of Ellul/Heidegger/Mumford Utopia can be found or created by following the path of reason through STEM. Steps preceding it are rarely explicit. Ellul, Heidegger, and Mumford all came to the conclusion that - Answers Technology often effects Human Existence often in a way that is concealed and in a way that limits human freedom secondary effects are detrimental and unexpected, time and time again. Critiques of the march towards tech - Answers Thoreau's rejection of urban living Amish rejection Trumpeting of environmental damage and plight of laborers Concern that tech increases scope and destruction of armed conflicts. Questioning "progress" - Answers Not a critique of specific technologies or situations but of the transformation of human existence. "seeing the trees but missing the forest" Technique and the Machine - Answers Technique is not a specific means or skill to achieve a particular end. Given expected inputs, it creases specific products (unchangeable) The limited application of the machine allows technique to surpass it: the machine is employed by the technique. Ellul does not mean a specific means or skill, and doesn't require it to be with tech. "Tech has now become almost completely independent of the machine" Ellul was a famous sociological critic of the presumption that more technology necessarily improves human existence. - Answers True. Although machines may seem to be the culmination of 'technique', why does Ellul believe this