MMBIO 221 Final Exam|310
Complete Q’s and A’s
Developed smallpox immunization using cowpox agent - -Edward Jenner
- Sought a "magic bullet" to destroy pathogens & not host - -Paul Ehrlich
- Discovered penicillin - -Alexander Fleming
- Pioneered aseptic surgery, Prevented surgical infections by using mists of
phenol - -Joseph Lister
- Father of Epidemiology (Cholera in London) - -John Snow
- Pioneered asepsis by discovering that hand washing
prevented streptococcal infections in obstetric patients - -Ignaz Semmelweis
- Pioneered the cultivation of bacteria on solid media, Petri dishes, agar, and
staining originated in his lab - -Robert Koch
- Disproved the theory of spontaneous generation of
microorganisms with swan-necked flasks, Developed the first rabies vaccine -
-Louis Pasteur
- First person to see bacteria - -Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
- Disproved the theory of spontaneous generation of
flies from meat; father of the scientific method. - -Francesco Redi
- Which of the following microorganisms is known for its variety of
locomotive structures? - -Protozoa
- Fungi: - -can be yeasts, are eukaryotic, can be molds
- The person who proposed that all cellular life belongs to one of three
domains (Bacteria, Archaea, or Eukarya), based upon rRNA sequences is: - -
Carl Woese
- To which of the following substances would a typical cell membrane be
least permeable? - -Hydrogen ion (H+)
- Which of the following organisms are responsible for red tides involved in
shellfish poisoning? - -Algae
, - Short, numerous, non-motile projections used for adherence, Numerous,
short bristle-like projections important in biofilms - -Fimbriae
- Made of tubulin in eukaryotes, Placement can be monotrichous,
amphitrichous, or peritrichous - -Flagella
- Responsible for motility in spirochetes - -Axial filaments
- Have a central role in conjugation - -Pili
- Means "Sugar cup"; most often composed of polysaccharides - -Glycocalyx
- The endosymbiotic theory explains it's origin in the cell - -Mitochondrion,
Chloroplasts
- Composed of RNA and protein; major role in protein synthesis, 80S in
eukaryotes; 70S in prokaryotes - -Ribosomes
- Polysaccharide chains cross-linked by short peptides, The rigid and strong
part of the bacterial cell wall - -Peptidoglycan
- The main permeability barrier of the cell, Composed of phospholipids and
protein, Very dehydrated and almost ametabolic life form; survival stage - -
Cell membrane
- Resting structure built for survival in harsh conditions - -Endospore
- All of the following statements concerning prokaryotic flagella are true
except: - -They are composed of tubulin
- Which of the following terms is not associated with bacterial cell walls? - -
Chitin
- Teichoic acids - -Gram-positive bacteria only
- Lipopolysaccharide - -Gram-negative bacteria only
- Peptidoglycan - -Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria,
Acid-fast bacteria
- Mycolic acids - -Acid-fast bacteria only
- Lipid A - -Gram-negative bacteria only
- Will appear blue after an acid-fast stain - -A and B only
, - Cells of the genus Mycoplasma lack which of the following? - -A cell wall
- A red blood cell (RBC) is placed into a hypertonic solution - -Crenation
- An RBC is placed into a hypotonic solution - -Swell then burst (lysis)
- A plant cell is placed into a hypertonic solution - -Plasmolysis
- A plant cell is placed into a hypotonic solution - -Nothing happens
- An RBC is placed into an isotonic solution - -Nothing happens
- An object measures 0.5 µm. This is equivalent to - -A. 500 nm
- Empty magnification results from increasing magnification without
increasing the - -resolution
- Assume that a bacterial cell has established a typical proton gradient.
When this gradient is used to
power the transport of lactose into the cell, the process is most correctly
termed - -Symport
- Which of the following microscopes is capable of generating a three-
dimensional image of a specimen? - -confocal, differential interference
contrast, scanning electron
- Gram-positive cells immediately following the primary stain - -Purple
- Gram-negative cells immediately following decolorization - -Colorless
- Gram-negative cells immediately following the primary stain - -Purple
- Gram-positive cells immediately following the counterstain - -Purple
- Malachite green is associated with which of the following staining
procedures? - -Endospore stain
- The reason visible light is relatively limited in its usefulness for microscopy
is: - -its wavelength is too long to enable high resolution of very small
objects
- Most stains that stain bacteria well are classified as: - -Basic (positively-
charged chromophores)
- The molecule upon which an enzyme acts is known as its: - -substrate
Complete Q’s and A’s
Developed smallpox immunization using cowpox agent - -Edward Jenner
- Sought a "magic bullet" to destroy pathogens & not host - -Paul Ehrlich
- Discovered penicillin - -Alexander Fleming
- Pioneered aseptic surgery, Prevented surgical infections by using mists of
phenol - -Joseph Lister
- Father of Epidemiology (Cholera in London) - -John Snow
- Pioneered asepsis by discovering that hand washing
prevented streptococcal infections in obstetric patients - -Ignaz Semmelweis
- Pioneered the cultivation of bacteria on solid media, Petri dishes, agar, and
staining originated in his lab - -Robert Koch
- Disproved the theory of spontaneous generation of
microorganisms with swan-necked flasks, Developed the first rabies vaccine -
-Louis Pasteur
- First person to see bacteria - -Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
- Disproved the theory of spontaneous generation of
flies from meat; father of the scientific method. - -Francesco Redi
- Which of the following microorganisms is known for its variety of
locomotive structures? - -Protozoa
- Fungi: - -can be yeasts, are eukaryotic, can be molds
- The person who proposed that all cellular life belongs to one of three
domains (Bacteria, Archaea, or Eukarya), based upon rRNA sequences is: - -
Carl Woese
- To which of the following substances would a typical cell membrane be
least permeable? - -Hydrogen ion (H+)
- Which of the following organisms are responsible for red tides involved in
shellfish poisoning? - -Algae
, - Short, numerous, non-motile projections used for adherence, Numerous,
short bristle-like projections important in biofilms - -Fimbriae
- Made of tubulin in eukaryotes, Placement can be monotrichous,
amphitrichous, or peritrichous - -Flagella
- Responsible for motility in spirochetes - -Axial filaments
- Have a central role in conjugation - -Pili
- Means "Sugar cup"; most often composed of polysaccharides - -Glycocalyx
- The endosymbiotic theory explains it's origin in the cell - -Mitochondrion,
Chloroplasts
- Composed of RNA and protein; major role in protein synthesis, 80S in
eukaryotes; 70S in prokaryotes - -Ribosomes
- Polysaccharide chains cross-linked by short peptides, The rigid and strong
part of the bacterial cell wall - -Peptidoglycan
- The main permeability barrier of the cell, Composed of phospholipids and
protein, Very dehydrated and almost ametabolic life form; survival stage - -
Cell membrane
- Resting structure built for survival in harsh conditions - -Endospore
- All of the following statements concerning prokaryotic flagella are true
except: - -They are composed of tubulin
- Which of the following terms is not associated with bacterial cell walls? - -
Chitin
- Teichoic acids - -Gram-positive bacteria only
- Lipopolysaccharide - -Gram-negative bacteria only
- Peptidoglycan - -Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria,
Acid-fast bacteria
- Mycolic acids - -Acid-fast bacteria only
- Lipid A - -Gram-negative bacteria only
- Will appear blue after an acid-fast stain - -A and B only
, - Cells of the genus Mycoplasma lack which of the following? - -A cell wall
- A red blood cell (RBC) is placed into a hypertonic solution - -Crenation
- An RBC is placed into a hypotonic solution - -Swell then burst (lysis)
- A plant cell is placed into a hypertonic solution - -Plasmolysis
- A plant cell is placed into a hypotonic solution - -Nothing happens
- An RBC is placed into an isotonic solution - -Nothing happens
- An object measures 0.5 µm. This is equivalent to - -A. 500 nm
- Empty magnification results from increasing magnification without
increasing the - -resolution
- Assume that a bacterial cell has established a typical proton gradient.
When this gradient is used to
power the transport of lactose into the cell, the process is most correctly
termed - -Symport
- Which of the following microscopes is capable of generating a three-
dimensional image of a specimen? - -confocal, differential interference
contrast, scanning electron
- Gram-positive cells immediately following the primary stain - -Purple
- Gram-negative cells immediately following decolorization - -Colorless
- Gram-negative cells immediately following the primary stain - -Purple
- Gram-positive cells immediately following the counterstain - -Purple
- Malachite green is associated with which of the following staining
procedures? - -Endospore stain
- The reason visible light is relatively limited in its usefulness for microscopy
is: - -its wavelength is too long to enable high resolution of very small
objects
- Most stains that stain bacteria well are classified as: - -Basic (positively-
charged chromophores)
- The molecule upon which an enzyme acts is known as its: - -substrate
