NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology UTA Exam
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Pre cancer pap smears often show dysplastic cells of the cervix that must
undergo treatment.
Choose matching term
What is the body's defense against
1 2 Metaplasia examples
ROS?
Liver disease and protein
3 4 Dysplasia examples
malnutrition can result in what?
Don't know?
,Terms in this set (138)
Heart disease, Alzheimers, Parkinsons, Amyotrophic
Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), CV disease, HTN, HLD, DM,
What can Reactive ischemic heart disease, HF, OSA. Lipid perioxidation,
Oxygen Species cause? damage proteins, fragment DNA, less protein
synthesis, chromatin destruction, damage
mitochondria
What is the body's Antioxidants (Vitamin E, Vitamin C, cysteine,
defense against ROS? glutathione, albumin, ceruloplasmin, transferrin)
1. Normal cellular respiration
2. Absorption of extreme energy sources (radiation,
UV light)
How are free radicals 3. Metabolism of exogenous chemicals, drugs, and
produced? pesticides
4. Transition of metals
5. Nitric oxide acting like a chemical mediator and a
free radical
Process of conducting an impulse. Activates the
action potential neuron --> the neuron depolarizes --> then
repolarizes
Point at which depolarization must reach in order to
Threshold potential
initiate an action potential
HYPERpolarized (more negative, ex. -100). Less
Hypokalemia and action excitable. Decreased neuromuscular excitability:
potentials weakness, smooth muscle atony, paresthesia, cardiac
dysrhythmias
HYPOpolarized (more positive, ex: closer to 0). More
excitable. Peaked T waves.
Hyperkalemia and action
When resting membrane potential=threshold
potentials
potential, it is BAD = cardiac standstill, paresthesia,
paralysis
, Increased permeability to Na+. More excitable. Tetany,
Hypocalcemia and action
hyperreflexia, circumoral paresthesia, seizures,
potentials
dysrhythmias.
Decreased permeability to Na+. Less excitable.
Hypercalcemia and action
Weakness, hyporeflexia, fatigue, lethargy, confusion,
potentials
encephalopathy, depressed T waves
Occurs as a result of decrease in work load, pressure,
use, blood supply, nutrition, hormonal stimulation, or
nervous stimulation. Once the cell has decreased in
size, it has now compensated for decreased blood
Atrophy
supply, nerve supply, nutrient supply, hormonal
supply, and has achieved new homeostasis. Cells are
alive but have diminished function and may lead to
cellular death.
Physiologic atrophy- shrinking of the thymus gland
during childhood.
Atrophy examples
Disuse atrophy- someone that ends up being
paralyzed
Increase in SIZE of cells, which will lead to increase in
Hypertrophy size of organ. Caused by hormonal stimulation or
increased functional demand.
physiologic hypertrophy- skeletal hypertrophy when
a person does heavy work or weight lifting / when a
kidney is surgically removed, the other kidney
Hypertrophy examples increases in size
pathologic hypertrophy- cardiomegaly results from
an increased workload in hypertensive patients / left
ventricular hypertrophy
Increase in NUMBER of cells. Results from increased
Hyperplasia rate of mitosis. Can ONLY happen in cells that are
capable of mitosis (cell division).
1 (Latest Update) Real Questions and
Verified Answers | 100% Correct | Already Graded
A+.
Save
Practice questions for this set
Learn 1 /7 Study with Learn
Pre cancer pap smears often show dysplastic cells of the cervix that must
undergo treatment.
Choose matching term
What is the body's defense against
1 2 Metaplasia examples
ROS?
Liver disease and protein
3 4 Dysplasia examples
malnutrition can result in what?
Don't know?
,Terms in this set (138)
Heart disease, Alzheimers, Parkinsons, Amyotrophic
Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), CV disease, HTN, HLD, DM,
What can Reactive ischemic heart disease, HF, OSA. Lipid perioxidation,
Oxygen Species cause? damage proteins, fragment DNA, less protein
synthesis, chromatin destruction, damage
mitochondria
What is the body's Antioxidants (Vitamin E, Vitamin C, cysteine,
defense against ROS? glutathione, albumin, ceruloplasmin, transferrin)
1. Normal cellular respiration
2. Absorption of extreme energy sources (radiation,
UV light)
How are free radicals 3. Metabolism of exogenous chemicals, drugs, and
produced? pesticides
4. Transition of metals
5. Nitric oxide acting like a chemical mediator and a
free radical
Process of conducting an impulse. Activates the
action potential neuron --> the neuron depolarizes --> then
repolarizes
Point at which depolarization must reach in order to
Threshold potential
initiate an action potential
HYPERpolarized (more negative, ex. -100). Less
Hypokalemia and action excitable. Decreased neuromuscular excitability:
potentials weakness, smooth muscle atony, paresthesia, cardiac
dysrhythmias
HYPOpolarized (more positive, ex: closer to 0). More
excitable. Peaked T waves.
Hyperkalemia and action
When resting membrane potential=threshold
potentials
potential, it is BAD = cardiac standstill, paresthesia,
paralysis
, Increased permeability to Na+. More excitable. Tetany,
Hypocalcemia and action
hyperreflexia, circumoral paresthesia, seizures,
potentials
dysrhythmias.
Decreased permeability to Na+. Less excitable.
Hypercalcemia and action
Weakness, hyporeflexia, fatigue, lethargy, confusion,
potentials
encephalopathy, depressed T waves
Occurs as a result of decrease in work load, pressure,
use, blood supply, nutrition, hormonal stimulation, or
nervous stimulation. Once the cell has decreased in
size, it has now compensated for decreased blood
Atrophy
supply, nerve supply, nutrient supply, hormonal
supply, and has achieved new homeostasis. Cells are
alive but have diminished function and may lead to
cellular death.
Physiologic atrophy- shrinking of the thymus gland
during childhood.
Atrophy examples
Disuse atrophy- someone that ends up being
paralyzed
Increase in SIZE of cells, which will lead to increase in
Hypertrophy size of organ. Caused by hormonal stimulation or
increased functional demand.
physiologic hypertrophy- skeletal hypertrophy when
a person does heavy work or weight lifting / when a
kidney is surgically removed, the other kidney
Hypertrophy examples increases in size
pathologic hypertrophy- cardiomegaly results from
an increased workload in hypertensive patients / left
ventricular hypertrophy
Increase in NUMBER of cells. Results from increased
Hyperplasia rate of mitosis. Can ONLY happen in cells that are
capable of mitosis (cell division).
