ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- UTMB
5355 EXAM #1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST 2025
Transcription -
correct answer ✅synthesis of RNA from DNA
Transcription results in -
correct answer ✅mRNA
RNA polymerase makes -
correct answer ✅mRNA
mRNA -
correct answer ✅makes proteins
RNA polymerase -
correct answer ✅binds to DNA
Transcription factors (TFs) -
correct answer ✅A regulatory protein that binds to DNA and
affects transcription of specific genes. Can wither activate or
repress expression of genes
,ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- UTMB
5355 EXAM #1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST 2025
Termination of transcription -
correct answer ✅RNA polymerase reaches a terminator sequence
(Stop codon) and detaches from the template
Translation -
correct answer ✅Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein
is produced. Protein assembly
Translation takes place in the -
correct answer ✅cytoplasm
Codon -
correct answer ✅A specific sequence of three bases on a strand of
DNA or RNA that provides genetic code information for a amino
acid
Amino acids are -
correct answer ✅building blocks of proteins
tRNA -
correct answer ✅An RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter
,ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- UTMB
5355 EXAM #1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST 2025
between nucleic acid and protein language by picking up specific
amino acids and recognizing the appropriate codons in the mRNA
Codons allow -
correct answer ✅for DNA and RNA to communicate
Gene Regulation -
correct answer ✅the process of turning genes on and off
Gene Regulation occurs -
correct answer ✅during transcription
Transcription factors (TFs) determine -
correct answer ✅amount of protein product made
Nucleotide -
correct answer ✅DNA subunit; 1 DNA, 1 phosphate, 1 nitrogenous
base
, ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- UTMB
5355 EXAM #1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST 2025
Mutation -
correct answer ✅permanent change in a DNA /RNA sequence that
affects genetic information
germline mutation -
correct answer ✅happens in germ cells, inheritable, in all cells
somatic mutation -
correct answer ✅A mutation that occurs in the body cells from
spontaneous development. Cannot be inherited. Acquired
causes of mutations -
correct answer ✅• Incorrect copying of the DNA sequence/
Environmental
•Exposure
•Spontaneous
silent mutation -
correct answer ✅alters a base but does not change the amino acid
5355 EXAM #1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST 2025
Transcription -
correct answer ✅synthesis of RNA from DNA
Transcription results in -
correct answer ✅mRNA
RNA polymerase makes -
correct answer ✅mRNA
mRNA -
correct answer ✅makes proteins
RNA polymerase -
correct answer ✅binds to DNA
Transcription factors (TFs) -
correct answer ✅A regulatory protein that binds to DNA and
affects transcription of specific genes. Can wither activate or
repress expression of genes
,ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- UTMB
5355 EXAM #1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST 2025
Termination of transcription -
correct answer ✅RNA polymerase reaches a terminator sequence
(Stop codon) and detaches from the template
Translation -
correct answer ✅Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein
is produced. Protein assembly
Translation takes place in the -
correct answer ✅cytoplasm
Codon -
correct answer ✅A specific sequence of three bases on a strand of
DNA or RNA that provides genetic code information for a amino
acid
Amino acids are -
correct answer ✅building blocks of proteins
tRNA -
correct answer ✅An RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter
,ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- UTMB
5355 EXAM #1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST 2025
between nucleic acid and protein language by picking up specific
amino acids and recognizing the appropriate codons in the mRNA
Codons allow -
correct answer ✅for DNA and RNA to communicate
Gene Regulation -
correct answer ✅the process of turning genes on and off
Gene Regulation occurs -
correct answer ✅during transcription
Transcription factors (TFs) determine -
correct answer ✅amount of protein product made
Nucleotide -
correct answer ✅DNA subunit; 1 DNA, 1 phosphate, 1 nitrogenous
base
, ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY- UTMB
5355 EXAM #1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST 2025
Mutation -
correct answer ✅permanent change in a DNA /RNA sequence that
affects genetic information
germline mutation -
correct answer ✅happens in germ cells, inheritable, in all cells
somatic mutation -
correct answer ✅A mutation that occurs in the body cells from
spontaneous development. Cannot be inherited. Acquired
causes of mutations -
correct answer ✅• Incorrect copying of the DNA sequence/
Environmental
•Exposure
•Spontaneous
silent mutation -
correct answer ✅alters a base but does not change the amino acid
