Fundamentals of Nursing
5 vital signs - ANSrespirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and pain
6 classes of nutrients - ANSsupply energy: carbs, proteins, lipids
regulate body processes: vitamins, minerals, water
ACE inhibitors - ANSto prevent vasoconstriction by angiotensin II and decrease
circulatory fluid volume by reducing aldosterone production
active exercise - ANSthe patient independently moves joints through their full range of
motion (isotonic exercise)
acute illness - ANSrapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a short time; examples: cold,
diarrhea, pneumonia, appendicitis
acute pain - ANSrapid in onset, varies in intensity and duration, protective in nature
acute wound - ANSusually heal within days to weeks
afferent nervous system conveys info to the - ANSCNS; going to your brain
Aims of Nursing - ANS1. To promote health
2. To prevent illness
3. To restore health
4. To facilitate coping with disability or death
albumin normal lab values - ANS3.5-5
anuria - ANS24-hour urine output is less than 50mL; complete kidney shut down or
renal failure
apnea - ANSperiods when no breathing occurs
assessing blood pressure - ANS-listening for korotkoff sounds w/ stethoscope
-first sound is systolic
-change or cessation of sound occurs: diastolic pressure
- brachial artery and popliteal artery are commonly used
autonomy - ANSrespect rights of patients to make health care decisions
, average blood pressure for healthy adult - ANS120/80
axillary temp - ANS36.5 C, 97.7 F
beneficence - ANSbenefit the patient; balance benefits against risks and harms
beta-adrenergic blockers - ANSto block sympathetic stimulation and decrease cardiac
output
body mechanics - ANSthe use of proper body positions to provide protection from the
stress of movement and activity
bradypnea - ANSdecreased respiratory rate; occurs in some pathologic conditions
carbs - ANS-sugars and starches
-organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
-lactose is an animal source
-most abundant and least expensive
-classified as simple or complex sugars
-converted to glucose for transport through blood
-50-100g needed daily to prevent ketosis
chronic illness - ANSslow onset, characteristics: permanent change, caused by change
in anatomy, requires special patient education, long period of care or support;
examples: heart disease, diabetes, lung diseases, and arthritis
chronic pain - ANSpain that may be limited, intermittent, or persistent but that lasts
beyond the normal healing period
chronic wound - ANSdo not progress through stages of healing; healing impeded
Clara Barton - ANSestablished red cross; volunteered to care for wounds and feed
union soldiers during civil war; served as supervisor of nurses for the army of James
cleaning a pressure ulcer - ANSclean w/ each dressing change, gentle motions
(patting), use 0.9% normal saline solution to irrigate and clean, report any drainage or
necrotic tissue
closed drainage system - ANS-Jackson-pratt drain
-hemovac drain
may be connected to an electrical suction or built-in reservoir
closed wound - ANSresults from a blow, force, or strain caused by trauma such as a
fall, an assault, or motor vehicle crash
5 vital signs - ANSrespirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and pain
6 classes of nutrients - ANSsupply energy: carbs, proteins, lipids
regulate body processes: vitamins, minerals, water
ACE inhibitors - ANSto prevent vasoconstriction by angiotensin II and decrease
circulatory fluid volume by reducing aldosterone production
active exercise - ANSthe patient independently moves joints through their full range of
motion (isotonic exercise)
acute illness - ANSrapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a short time; examples: cold,
diarrhea, pneumonia, appendicitis
acute pain - ANSrapid in onset, varies in intensity and duration, protective in nature
acute wound - ANSusually heal within days to weeks
afferent nervous system conveys info to the - ANSCNS; going to your brain
Aims of Nursing - ANS1. To promote health
2. To prevent illness
3. To restore health
4. To facilitate coping with disability or death
albumin normal lab values - ANS3.5-5
anuria - ANS24-hour urine output is less than 50mL; complete kidney shut down or
renal failure
apnea - ANSperiods when no breathing occurs
assessing blood pressure - ANS-listening for korotkoff sounds w/ stethoscope
-first sound is systolic
-change or cessation of sound occurs: diastolic pressure
- brachial artery and popliteal artery are commonly used
autonomy - ANSrespect rights of patients to make health care decisions
, average blood pressure for healthy adult - ANS120/80
axillary temp - ANS36.5 C, 97.7 F
beneficence - ANSbenefit the patient; balance benefits against risks and harms
beta-adrenergic blockers - ANSto block sympathetic stimulation and decrease cardiac
output
body mechanics - ANSthe use of proper body positions to provide protection from the
stress of movement and activity
bradypnea - ANSdecreased respiratory rate; occurs in some pathologic conditions
carbs - ANS-sugars and starches
-organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
-lactose is an animal source
-most abundant and least expensive
-classified as simple or complex sugars
-converted to glucose for transport through blood
-50-100g needed daily to prevent ketosis
chronic illness - ANSslow onset, characteristics: permanent change, caused by change
in anatomy, requires special patient education, long period of care or support;
examples: heart disease, diabetes, lung diseases, and arthritis
chronic pain - ANSpain that may be limited, intermittent, or persistent but that lasts
beyond the normal healing period
chronic wound - ANSdo not progress through stages of healing; healing impeded
Clara Barton - ANSestablished red cross; volunteered to care for wounds and feed
union soldiers during civil war; served as supervisor of nurses for the army of James
cleaning a pressure ulcer - ANSclean w/ each dressing change, gentle motions
(patting), use 0.9% normal saline solution to irrigate and clean, report any drainage or
necrotic tissue
closed drainage system - ANS-Jackson-pratt drain
-hemovac drain
may be connected to an electrical suction or built-in reservoir
closed wound - ANSresults from a blow, force, or strain caused by trauma such as a
fall, an assault, or motor vehicle crash
