Examl 3:l NUR265l /l NURl 265l (Latestl
2025/l 2026l Update)l Advancedl Conceptsl
ofl Medical-Surgicall Nursingl Review|l
Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l 100%l
Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l Galen
Q:l Al forcel producedl byl al blowl tol thel headl isl al _________l injury,l whereasl al forcel
appliedl tol anotherl bodyl partl withl al reboundl effectl tol thel brainl isl anl __________l
injury.
Answer:
Direct,l indirect
Q:l ____________l brainl damagel occursl atl thel timel ofl injuryl andl resultsl froml thel
physicall stressl (force)l withinl thel tissuel causedl byl bluntl orl penetratingl force.
Answer:
Primary
Q:l A(n)l ________l TBIl occursl whenl thel skulll isl Fxl orl whenl itl isl piercedl byl al
penetratingl object.l Thel integrityl ofl thel brainl andl thel dural isl violated,l andl therel isl
exposurel tol environmentall contaminants.
Answer:
Open
Q:l Inl a(n)l _____________l TBI,l thel integrityl ofl thel skulll isl intact,l butl damagel tol thel
brainl tissuel stilll occursl asl al resultl ofl increasedl ICP.
Answer:
Closed
,Q:l Al ___________l isl al TBIl causedl byl al blowl tol thel headl andl mayl orl mayl notl
resultl inl somel periodl ofl unconsciousness.l Militaryl personnell andl athletesl arel atl highestl
risk.
Answer:
Concussion
Q:l Forl ptsl w/l moderate-severel TBI,l thel mostl commonl ____________l injuriesl resultl
froml hypotensionl andl hypoxia,l intracraniall HTN,l andl cerebrall edema.
Answer:
Secondary
Q:l Al normall levell ofl ICPl isl ___l tol ___l mmHg.
Answer:
10,l 15
Q:l Whatl scalel canl bel usedl tol classifyl thel severityl ofl al TBI?
Answer:
GCS
Q:l Characterizedl byl al blowl tol thel head,l transientl confusionl orl feelingl dazedl orl
disoriented,l andl onel orl morel ofl thesel conditions:l (1)l possl LOCl forl upl tol 30l mins,(2)l
lossl ofl memoryl forl eventsl before/afterl accident,(3)l focall neurologicl deficit(s)l thatl mayl
orl notl bel transient.l LOCl doesl notl havel tol occurl forl al personl tol bel diagnosedl withl
MTBI.l Nol evidencel ofl brainl damagel onl al CTl orl MRIl scan.
Answer:
Mildl TBI
,Q:l Characterizedl byl al periodl ofl LOCl forl 30l minsl tol 6l hoursl andl al GCSl scorel ofl 9l
tol 12.l Oftenl butl notl always,l focall orl diffusel brainl injuryl canl bel seenl withl al
diagnosticl CTl orl MRIl scan.l Posttraumaticl amnesial mayl lastl upl tol 24l hours.l Mayl occurl
withl eitherl closedl orl openl brainl injury.
Answer:
Moderatel TBI
Q:l Characterizedl byl al GCSl ofl 3l tol 8l andl LOCl forl 30l minsl tol 6l hours.l Focall andl
diffusel damagel tol thel brain,l cerebrovascularl vessels,l and/orl ventriclesl isl common.l Bothl
openl andl closedl headl injuriesl canl causel this,l andl injuryl canl bel focall orl diffuse.
Answer:
Severel TBI
Q:l Physicall keyl featuresl ofl __________l includel LOCl <30mins,l appearingl
dazed/stunned,l HA,l N/V,l ataxia,l dizziness,l visuall problems,l photophobial andl
phonophobia.
Answer:
Mildl TBI
Q:l Itl isl notl unusuall forl al ptl w/l al mildl TBIl tol experiencel ____________l forl eventsl
beforel orl afterl thel injury.
Answer:
Amnesia
Q:l Hypercarbial canl causel cerebrall _____________l andl contributel tol elevatedl ICP.
Answer:
Vasodilation
, Q:l Hypocarbial isl causedl byl hyperventilationl andl canl causel ______________l w/l
resultingl ischemia.
Answer:
Vasoconstriction
Q:l Isl periorbitall edemal andl ecchymosisl aroundl thel eyesl afterl al craniotomyl andl
expectedl orl unexpectedl finding?
Answer:
Expected
Q:l Itl isl notl unusuall forl reflexes,l asl welll asl alll mobilityl orl sensoryl perception,l tol bel
absentl immediatelyl afterl injuryl becausel ofl spinall shock.l Afterl spinall shockl hasl
resolved,l thel reflexesl mayl _________.
Answer:
Return
Q:l ______________,l hypotension,l andl hypothermial occurl becausel ofl lossl ofl
sympatheticl inputl inl thel ptl w/l SCI.l Thesel changesl mayl leadl tol cardiacl dysrhythmias.
Answer:
Bradycardia
Q:l Al SBPl belowl _____l mml Hgl requiresl treatmentl becausel lackl ofl perfusionl tol thel
spinall cordl inl SCIl couldl worsenl thel pt'sl condition.
Answer:
90
Q:l Al patientl withl al ___________l SCIl isl atl riskl forl breathingl problems.
Answer:
2025/l 2026l Update)l Advancedl Conceptsl
ofl Medical-Surgicall Nursingl Review|l
Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l 100%l
Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l Galen
Q:l Al forcel producedl byl al blowl tol thel headl isl al _________l injury,l whereasl al forcel
appliedl tol anotherl bodyl partl withl al reboundl effectl tol thel brainl isl anl __________l
injury.
Answer:
Direct,l indirect
Q:l ____________l brainl damagel occursl atl thel timel ofl injuryl andl resultsl froml thel
physicall stressl (force)l withinl thel tissuel causedl byl bluntl orl penetratingl force.
Answer:
Primary
Q:l A(n)l ________l TBIl occursl whenl thel skulll isl Fxl orl whenl itl isl piercedl byl al
penetratingl object.l Thel integrityl ofl thel brainl andl thel dural isl violated,l andl therel isl
exposurel tol environmentall contaminants.
Answer:
Open
Q:l Inl a(n)l _____________l TBI,l thel integrityl ofl thel skulll isl intact,l butl damagel tol thel
brainl tissuel stilll occursl asl al resultl ofl increasedl ICP.
Answer:
Closed
,Q:l Al ___________l isl al TBIl causedl byl al blowl tol thel headl andl mayl orl mayl notl
resultl inl somel periodl ofl unconsciousness.l Militaryl personnell andl athletesl arel atl highestl
risk.
Answer:
Concussion
Q:l Forl ptsl w/l moderate-severel TBI,l thel mostl commonl ____________l injuriesl resultl
froml hypotensionl andl hypoxia,l intracraniall HTN,l andl cerebrall edema.
Answer:
Secondary
Q:l Al normall levell ofl ICPl isl ___l tol ___l mmHg.
Answer:
10,l 15
Q:l Whatl scalel canl bel usedl tol classifyl thel severityl ofl al TBI?
Answer:
GCS
Q:l Characterizedl byl al blowl tol thel head,l transientl confusionl orl feelingl dazedl orl
disoriented,l andl onel orl morel ofl thesel conditions:l (1)l possl LOCl forl upl tol 30l mins,(2)l
lossl ofl memoryl forl eventsl before/afterl accident,(3)l focall neurologicl deficit(s)l thatl mayl
orl notl bel transient.l LOCl doesl notl havel tol occurl forl al personl tol bel diagnosedl withl
MTBI.l Nol evidencel ofl brainl damagel onl al CTl orl MRIl scan.
Answer:
Mildl TBI
,Q:l Characterizedl byl al periodl ofl LOCl forl 30l minsl tol 6l hoursl andl al GCSl scorel ofl 9l
tol 12.l Oftenl butl notl always,l focall orl diffusel brainl injuryl canl bel seenl withl al
diagnosticl CTl orl MRIl scan.l Posttraumaticl amnesial mayl lastl upl tol 24l hours.l Mayl occurl
withl eitherl closedl orl openl brainl injury.
Answer:
Moderatel TBI
Q:l Characterizedl byl al GCSl ofl 3l tol 8l andl LOCl forl 30l minsl tol 6l hours.l Focall andl
diffusel damagel tol thel brain,l cerebrovascularl vessels,l and/orl ventriclesl isl common.l Bothl
openl andl closedl headl injuriesl canl causel this,l andl injuryl canl bel focall orl diffuse.
Answer:
Severel TBI
Q:l Physicall keyl featuresl ofl __________l includel LOCl <30mins,l appearingl
dazed/stunned,l HA,l N/V,l ataxia,l dizziness,l visuall problems,l photophobial andl
phonophobia.
Answer:
Mildl TBI
Q:l Itl isl notl unusuall forl al ptl w/l al mildl TBIl tol experiencel ____________l forl eventsl
beforel orl afterl thel injury.
Answer:
Amnesia
Q:l Hypercarbial canl causel cerebrall _____________l andl contributel tol elevatedl ICP.
Answer:
Vasodilation
, Q:l Hypocarbial isl causedl byl hyperventilationl andl canl causel ______________l w/l
resultingl ischemia.
Answer:
Vasoconstriction
Q:l Isl periorbitall edemal andl ecchymosisl aroundl thel eyesl afterl al craniotomyl andl
expectedl orl unexpectedl finding?
Answer:
Expected
Q:l Itl isl notl unusuall forl reflexes,l asl welll asl alll mobilityl orl sensoryl perception,l tol bel
absentl immediatelyl afterl injuryl becausel ofl spinall shock.l Afterl spinall shockl hasl
resolved,l thel reflexesl mayl _________.
Answer:
Return
Q:l ______________,l hypotension,l andl hypothermial occurl becausel ofl lossl ofl
sympatheticl inputl inl thel ptl w/l SCI.l Thesel changesl mayl leadl tol cardiacl dysrhythmias.
Answer:
Bradycardia
Q:l Al SBPl belowl _____l mml Hgl requiresl treatmentl becausel lackl ofl perfusionl tol thel
spinall cordl inl SCIl couldl worsenl thel pt'sl condition.
Answer:
90
Q:l Al patientl withl al ___________l SCIl isl atl riskl forl breathingl problems.
Answer:
