Biotechnology Applied Study Guide Exam Questions
with Answers Graded A+ 2025/2026
The use of a brief electrical shock to introduce DNA into bacterial cells is
called - electroporation
Yeast can grow___ - under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions
Prokaryotes reproduce by means of - binary fission (all of the above in
Quiz)
What is the most logical sequence of steps for splicing foreign DNA into a
plasmid and inserting the plasmid into a bacterium?
I. Transform bacteria with a recombinant DNA molecule.
II. Cut the plasmid DNA using restriction enzymes (endonucleases).
III. Extract plasmid DNA from bacterial cells.
V. Hydrogen-bond the plasmid DNA to non-plasmid DNA fragments.
V. Use ligase to seal plasmid DNA to non-plasmid DNA. - III, II, IV, V, I
Which of the following sequences is most likely to be cut by a restriction
enzyme? - 5-AATATT-3'
3'-TTATAA-5'
Which of the following enzymes is required to make complementary DNA
(cDNA) from RNA? - reverse transcriptase
How have DNA microarrays made a huge impact on genomic studies? -
They allow the expression of many or even all of the genes in the genome
to be compared at once.
Transgenic mice are useful to human researchers because they - can be
valuable animal models of human disease
In large scale, genome-wide association studies in humans, what types of
genetic markers do researchers look for? - SNPs where one allele is found
more often in persons with a particular disorder than in healthy controls
Which of the following statements correctly describes one of the main
differences between embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells? -
, Embryonic stem cells can give rise to all cell types in the organism, and
adult stem cells cannot.
The first cloned cat, called Carbon Copy, was a calico, but she looked
significantly different from her female parent. Why was this the case with
this clone? - X chromosome inactivation in the embryo is random and
produces different patterns.
Which of the following statements describes one of the technical reasons
why gene therapy is problematic in humans? - Transferred genes may not
have appropriately controlled activity.
In DNA technology, the term vector can refer to - a plasmid used to transfer
DNA into a living cell
If the label on a slide reads Gram-positive bacillus, what would a student
expect to see? - Purple rod shaped cells
A microbiologist suspects a strain of Staphylococcus aureus is resistant to
methicillin.
What would be the best approach to test this suspicion? - Add methicillin to
the growth plates
What is the name for molecules that provoke a specific immune response?
- antigens
Prokaryotes undergo a process that produces cells that are identical. This
process is called - binary fission
In the old days, milkmaids were exposed to cowpox from milking the cows,
and this fortuitously gave them some protection from smallpox. What was
happening in the milkmaids? - They were effectively receiving a vaccination
from a related virus.
Which cells produce specific antibodies? - plasma cells
Which of the following is not a shape seen in prokaryotes? - Icosahedrals
Yeast can grow - under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions
with Answers Graded A+ 2025/2026
The use of a brief electrical shock to introduce DNA into bacterial cells is
called - electroporation
Yeast can grow___ - under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions
Prokaryotes reproduce by means of - binary fission (all of the above in
Quiz)
What is the most logical sequence of steps for splicing foreign DNA into a
plasmid and inserting the plasmid into a bacterium?
I. Transform bacteria with a recombinant DNA molecule.
II. Cut the plasmid DNA using restriction enzymes (endonucleases).
III. Extract plasmid DNA from bacterial cells.
V. Hydrogen-bond the plasmid DNA to non-plasmid DNA fragments.
V. Use ligase to seal plasmid DNA to non-plasmid DNA. - III, II, IV, V, I
Which of the following sequences is most likely to be cut by a restriction
enzyme? - 5-AATATT-3'
3'-TTATAA-5'
Which of the following enzymes is required to make complementary DNA
(cDNA) from RNA? - reverse transcriptase
How have DNA microarrays made a huge impact on genomic studies? -
They allow the expression of many or even all of the genes in the genome
to be compared at once.
Transgenic mice are useful to human researchers because they - can be
valuable animal models of human disease
In large scale, genome-wide association studies in humans, what types of
genetic markers do researchers look for? - SNPs where one allele is found
more often in persons with a particular disorder than in healthy controls
Which of the following statements correctly describes one of the main
differences between embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells? -
, Embryonic stem cells can give rise to all cell types in the organism, and
adult stem cells cannot.
The first cloned cat, called Carbon Copy, was a calico, but she looked
significantly different from her female parent. Why was this the case with
this clone? - X chromosome inactivation in the embryo is random and
produces different patterns.
Which of the following statements describes one of the technical reasons
why gene therapy is problematic in humans? - Transferred genes may not
have appropriately controlled activity.
In DNA technology, the term vector can refer to - a plasmid used to transfer
DNA into a living cell
If the label on a slide reads Gram-positive bacillus, what would a student
expect to see? - Purple rod shaped cells
A microbiologist suspects a strain of Staphylococcus aureus is resistant to
methicillin.
What would be the best approach to test this suspicion? - Add methicillin to
the growth plates
What is the name for molecules that provoke a specific immune response?
- antigens
Prokaryotes undergo a process that produces cells that are identical. This
process is called - binary fission
In the old days, milkmaids were exposed to cowpox from milking the cows,
and this fortuitously gave them some protection from smallpox. What was
happening in the milkmaids? - They were effectively receiving a vaccination
from a related virus.
Which cells produce specific antibodies? - plasma cells
Which of the following is not a shape seen in prokaryotes? - Icosahedrals
Yeast can grow - under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions
