Midterm Exam: NR546 / NR 546 (Latest Update 2025 / 2026) Advanced Pharmacology Psychopharmacology for the Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner | Questions with Verified Answers – Chamberlain.

Midterm Exam: NR546 / NR 546 (Latest Update 2025 / i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




2026) Advanced Pharmacology Psychopharmacology
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for the Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner |
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Questions with Verified Answers – Chamberlain. i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




How does epigenetics impact a person's mental health?
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internal or external factors activate portions of the genome that
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result in the manifestation of mental health symptoms
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-activation is often a result of a stressful event, which, when
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combined with the genetic risk, results in the disease
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-genes being on or off i,- i,- i,- i,-




-occurrence of symptoms may be the result of inheritance of an i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



abnormal gene or of normal genes being "on" when they should
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be "off."
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Types of epigenetic changes:
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Histone modification i,-




Non-coding RNA i,-




The potential legal and ethical issues impacting mental health
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treatment must also be taken into account, including:
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informed consent i,-




-competence to make healthcare decisions i,- i,- i,- i,-

,-off-label prescribing i,-




Informed consent Clients have the right to receive enough
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information to make decisions about treatment. i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




-must also be informed about potential risks associated with
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medications. i,-




-have the right to refuse treatment
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-cannot be forcibly medicated in non-emergencies. However,
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clients can be forcibly medicated if they are violent toward
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themselves or others and when less restrictive methods have
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failed


Compliance A court order may be issued for a client toi,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



receive treatment against their wishes if they are considered a
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danger to themselves or others.
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-Examples: clients with schizophrenia or sex offenders
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-Guardians can provide consent for clients who have limited
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cognitive capabilities or are incompetent to make decisions
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-PMHNPs are responsible for being knowledgeable about their
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state laws and abiding by them.
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Off-Label Prescribing Some clients may benefit from the
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unapproved use of a drug for symptom management. i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-

,-Example: many SSRIs used to tx anxiety and OCD but are not
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FDA approved for use in this disorder.
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-potentially raises ethical and legal concerns i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




-PMHNP must remain up to date with the latest
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recommendations for off-label prescribing. i,- i,- i,-




Incidence of mental illness-what factors are increasing the
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incidence Psychological and sociological factors
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Lifestyle factors such as a client's smoking status, diet, exercise,
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history of medication adherence, or history of addiction should
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be considered when prescribing psychotropic medications
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Adherence i,-i,- i,- Persistence
-taking med over intended time period
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Compliance
-taking med as prescribed i,- i,- i,-




left hemisphere
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-word recognition i,-




-grammar
-sequential processing i,-

, -recognition of detail i,- i,-




-conscious mental processing i,- i,-




right hemisphere
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-emotional modulation i,-




-visual-spatial skills i,-




-recognition of facial expression i,- i,- i,-




-music
-abstract mathematical skills
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-holistic processing i,-




-unconscious mental processing i,- i,-




Pharmacokinetics the study of what happens to a drug from i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



the time of administration until the parent drug and all
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metabolites leave the body i,- i,- i,-




What should the PMHNP consider when prescribing chemical
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restraints? -allergy status i,-i,- i,- i,-




-prior med hx for adverse drug reactions r/t the meds ordered in
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the chemical restraint
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-state regulations regarding chemical restrains must be reviewed
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