EPPP Practice Test 4 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
A psychologist is asked to go into an assisted living community and redesign it to enhance
interaction among residents. This is an example of:
a. primary prevention
b. secondary prevention
c. tertiary prevention
d. preventative intervention - CORRECT ANSWER - c. tertiary prevention
Focuses on reducing the residual effects or optimizing functioning of pts with a chronic
condition or disorder (e.g., AA, day treatment centers). In this scenario, the goal is to optimize
functioning by reducing the isolation of the residents in the assisted living community.
a. Primary prevention --> preventing the onset of a disease or disorder, thereby reducing its
incidence (e.g., vaccinations).
b. Secondary prevention --> focuses on early identification and prompt treatment of an illness or
disorder that already exists, with the goal of improving or curing the illness/disorder (e.g.,
mammograms).
An example of cluster sampling is:
a. Dividing the California population into groups based on income levels and then randomly
selecting equal-sized samples from the groups.
b. Randomly selecting Californians from different income levels in proportion to their
representation in the population.
c. Dividing the population into groups based on California counties and then randomly selecting
samples from randomly selected counties.
d. Selecting from the population of California such that each person has an equal likelihood of
being selected. - CORRECT ANSWER - c. Dividing the population into groups based on
California counties and then randomly selecting samples from randomly selected counties.
,Involves identifying naturally occurring groups or clusters (e.g., schools in a school district,
counties in a state) and then randomly selecting certain subsets of these clusters. Typically, all the
subjects within the selected clusters are then sampled. Alternatively, subjects may be randomly
selected from the clusters.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the course of ADHD?
a. Persons diagnosed with the disorder as children continue to experience the full disorder in
adulthood.
b. Children with ADHD that are treated with stimulants are at increased risk for drug and alcohol
problems.
c. Use of stimulant medications improves the long-term course of the disorder.
d. Children with aggression or unremitting severe symptoms of ADHD are at increased risk for
developing antisocial personality disorder. - CORRECT ANSWER - d. Children with
aggression or unremitting severe symptoms of ADHD are at increased risk for developing
antisocial personality disorder.
Risk of developing ASPD is greater for kids w/ ADHD and concomitant aggressive sxs or sxs of
ADHD that severely impair fx.
A researcher is studying the effect of different txs for hyperactivity. First graders receive one of
two txs. Group A's pre-tx mean is 15, and the post-tx mean is 13. Group B's pre-tx mean is 27,
and the post-tx mean is 24. The most likely threat to this research is:
a. maturation
b. regression.
c. selection
d. demand characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER - c. selection
Most significantly affected by threat of selection bias or non-random assignment. Given that
pretx means are so different, it's unlikely that subjects were randomly assigned to the groups.
a. maturation --> more concern when study is a one-group pre-post design.
b. regression --> more concern when study is a one-group pre-post design.
,When running an ANOVA, a pooled error term is justified when:
a. sample size is unequal
b. variance is equal
c. all cells have the same number of subjects
d. homoscedasticity is violated - CORRECT ANSWER - b. variance is equal
A pooled error term is used when there's homogeneity of variance (i.e., the variance is equal).
When the variance isn't equal, a separate error term should be used.
Scores on infant development tests (e.g., the Bayley) are poor predictors of adult IQ. Which is
the least likely explanation for this phenomenon?
a. Infant development tests emphasize sensory and motor capacities, whereas adult intelligence
tests measure complex cognitive functions.
b. Variability in maturation rates is a much more significant factor in infancy than in adulthood.
c. The infant development scales are unreliable.
d. Infant precursors of adult intelligence are not adequately sampled in these scales. - CORRECT
ANSWER - c. The infant development scales are unreliable.
The infant scales are reliable for their intended purpose, the measurement of infant development.
In other words, if you administer the same scale to an infant more than once, the scores will be
close to each other. All of the other responses are true.
Which of the following best addresses ethical issues involved when a psychologist who's treating
an incarcerated individual as a therapy pt makes recommendations regarding parole?
a. A psychologist shouldn't make parole recommendations for an incarcerated therapy pt b/c it
would constitute a potentially harmful multiple relationship.
b. A psychologist shouldn't accept an incarcerated individual as a therapy pt if psychologist will
be asked to make parole recommendations, b/c it's impossible to secure informed consent w/out
coercion.
c. It's usually considered ethically acceptable for psychologists to make parole recommendations
for incarcerated therapy pts.
, d. Psychologists may make parole recommendations for incarcerated therapy pts, as long as an
assessment of dangerousness isn't required, because assessments of dangerousness have
inadequate validity and reliability. - CORRECT ANSWER - c. It's usually considered
ethically acceptable for psychologists to make parole recommendations for incarcerated therapy
pts.
Most correctional psychologists are in the position of being both therapist and evaluator for
parole and release.
A student studies for an exam for 18 hours. She then decides to sleep in the hours remaining
before the exam to make sure that the material remains fresh in her ind. She's trying to reduce the
effects of:
a. proactive interference
b. retroactive interference
c. retrograde amnesia
d. anterograde amnesia - CORRECT ANSWER - b. retroactive interference
Occurs when newly learned information interferes w/ the recall of previously learned info.
- Sleeping keeps her from being exposed to new info.
a. proactive interference --> occurs when previously learned material interferes with recall of
newly learned material.
The theory of motivation most closely associated with fairness and unfairness is:
a. acquired needs theory
b. expectancy theory
c. two-factor theory
d. equity theory - CORRECT ANSWER - d. equity theory
Proposes that people look at the ratio of self inputs/self outcomes as compared with other's
inputs/other's outcomes. Inequity is seen as a motivating state that spurs people to alter their bx.
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
A psychologist is asked to go into an assisted living community and redesign it to enhance
interaction among residents. This is an example of:
a. primary prevention
b. secondary prevention
c. tertiary prevention
d. preventative intervention - CORRECT ANSWER - c. tertiary prevention
Focuses on reducing the residual effects or optimizing functioning of pts with a chronic
condition or disorder (e.g., AA, day treatment centers). In this scenario, the goal is to optimize
functioning by reducing the isolation of the residents in the assisted living community.
a. Primary prevention --> preventing the onset of a disease or disorder, thereby reducing its
incidence (e.g., vaccinations).
b. Secondary prevention --> focuses on early identification and prompt treatment of an illness or
disorder that already exists, with the goal of improving or curing the illness/disorder (e.g.,
mammograms).
An example of cluster sampling is:
a. Dividing the California population into groups based on income levels and then randomly
selecting equal-sized samples from the groups.
b. Randomly selecting Californians from different income levels in proportion to their
representation in the population.
c. Dividing the population into groups based on California counties and then randomly selecting
samples from randomly selected counties.
d. Selecting from the population of California such that each person has an equal likelihood of
being selected. - CORRECT ANSWER - c. Dividing the population into groups based on
California counties and then randomly selecting samples from randomly selected counties.
,Involves identifying naturally occurring groups or clusters (e.g., schools in a school district,
counties in a state) and then randomly selecting certain subsets of these clusters. Typically, all the
subjects within the selected clusters are then sampled. Alternatively, subjects may be randomly
selected from the clusters.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the course of ADHD?
a. Persons diagnosed with the disorder as children continue to experience the full disorder in
adulthood.
b. Children with ADHD that are treated with stimulants are at increased risk for drug and alcohol
problems.
c. Use of stimulant medications improves the long-term course of the disorder.
d. Children with aggression or unremitting severe symptoms of ADHD are at increased risk for
developing antisocial personality disorder. - CORRECT ANSWER - d. Children with
aggression or unremitting severe symptoms of ADHD are at increased risk for developing
antisocial personality disorder.
Risk of developing ASPD is greater for kids w/ ADHD and concomitant aggressive sxs or sxs of
ADHD that severely impair fx.
A researcher is studying the effect of different txs for hyperactivity. First graders receive one of
two txs. Group A's pre-tx mean is 15, and the post-tx mean is 13. Group B's pre-tx mean is 27,
and the post-tx mean is 24. The most likely threat to this research is:
a. maturation
b. regression.
c. selection
d. demand characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER - c. selection
Most significantly affected by threat of selection bias or non-random assignment. Given that
pretx means are so different, it's unlikely that subjects were randomly assigned to the groups.
a. maturation --> more concern when study is a one-group pre-post design.
b. regression --> more concern when study is a one-group pre-post design.
,When running an ANOVA, a pooled error term is justified when:
a. sample size is unequal
b. variance is equal
c. all cells have the same number of subjects
d. homoscedasticity is violated - CORRECT ANSWER - b. variance is equal
A pooled error term is used when there's homogeneity of variance (i.e., the variance is equal).
When the variance isn't equal, a separate error term should be used.
Scores on infant development tests (e.g., the Bayley) are poor predictors of adult IQ. Which is
the least likely explanation for this phenomenon?
a. Infant development tests emphasize sensory and motor capacities, whereas adult intelligence
tests measure complex cognitive functions.
b. Variability in maturation rates is a much more significant factor in infancy than in adulthood.
c. The infant development scales are unreliable.
d. Infant precursors of adult intelligence are not adequately sampled in these scales. - CORRECT
ANSWER - c. The infant development scales are unreliable.
The infant scales are reliable for their intended purpose, the measurement of infant development.
In other words, if you administer the same scale to an infant more than once, the scores will be
close to each other. All of the other responses are true.
Which of the following best addresses ethical issues involved when a psychologist who's treating
an incarcerated individual as a therapy pt makes recommendations regarding parole?
a. A psychologist shouldn't make parole recommendations for an incarcerated therapy pt b/c it
would constitute a potentially harmful multiple relationship.
b. A psychologist shouldn't accept an incarcerated individual as a therapy pt if psychologist will
be asked to make parole recommendations, b/c it's impossible to secure informed consent w/out
coercion.
c. It's usually considered ethically acceptable for psychologists to make parole recommendations
for incarcerated therapy pts.
, d. Psychologists may make parole recommendations for incarcerated therapy pts, as long as an
assessment of dangerousness isn't required, because assessments of dangerousness have
inadequate validity and reliability. - CORRECT ANSWER - c. It's usually considered
ethically acceptable for psychologists to make parole recommendations for incarcerated therapy
pts.
Most correctional psychologists are in the position of being both therapist and evaluator for
parole and release.
A student studies for an exam for 18 hours. She then decides to sleep in the hours remaining
before the exam to make sure that the material remains fresh in her ind. She's trying to reduce the
effects of:
a. proactive interference
b. retroactive interference
c. retrograde amnesia
d. anterograde amnesia - CORRECT ANSWER - b. retroactive interference
Occurs when newly learned information interferes w/ the recall of previously learned info.
- Sleeping keeps her from being exposed to new info.
a. proactive interference --> occurs when previously learned material interferes with recall of
newly learned material.
The theory of motivation most closely associated with fairness and unfairness is:
a. acquired needs theory
b. expectancy theory
c. two-factor theory
d. equity theory - CORRECT ANSWER - d. equity theory
Proposes that people look at the ratio of self inputs/self outcomes as compared with other's
inputs/other's outcomes. Inequity is seen as a motivating state that spurs people to alter their bx.
