NURS 615 Pharm Exam 1
Factors associated with clinical judgement and prescribing
making a diagnosis based on observation, reflection, and analysis. gathering data and making
diagnosis
11 steps in the prescribing process (DGACGIVWIMA)
1. diagnosis
2. set goal
3. decide on approach
4. choose drug class
5. choose generic drug
6. individualize dose, form, frequency, duration
7. verify suitability
8. write prescription
9. inform patient
10. monitor affects
11. alter if needed
How does hypoalbuminemia affect the process of prescribing?
less albumin means less drugs binding, more free floating meds, toxic affects
drug's half-life
time it takes for the concentration of the drug in the body to decrease by 1/2
onset of action
when the desired response is reached
peak of action
time b/w admin of med and max drug in blood, therapeutic effect reached
duration of action
time of the desired response
, steady-state
4/5 x the half life, overall intake of med is equal with its elimination
factors affecting absorption
cell membrane, solubility (lipophilic vs hydrophilic), pH and ionization
drug metabolism
inactivation of the medication to prepare for elimination
CYP450 system
tries to inactivate the med to make it water soluble in order to excrete the med, responsible for
oxidation (method of metab), where drug interactions occur- when taking 2 of these meds they
will either induce or inhibit the other
drug efficacy
desired effect of med
intrinsic activity
a drug's efficacy to a drug of the highest observed efficacy
effectiveness
ability of drug to produce beneficial effect
purpose of peak and trough
determine therapeutic range of med. peak drawn 1-2 hours after, trough 30min prior to next
dose
pharmacoDYNAMICS
affect of drug on body - therapeutic index, dose response curve (onset, peak, duration), and
drug-receptor interactions. AGONIST vs ANTAGONIST
pharmacoKINETICS
affect of body on drug - absorption, metab, excrete, distrib
Factors associated with clinical judgement and prescribing
making a diagnosis based on observation, reflection, and analysis. gathering data and making
diagnosis
11 steps in the prescribing process (DGACGIVWIMA)
1. diagnosis
2. set goal
3. decide on approach
4. choose drug class
5. choose generic drug
6. individualize dose, form, frequency, duration
7. verify suitability
8. write prescription
9. inform patient
10. monitor affects
11. alter if needed
How does hypoalbuminemia affect the process of prescribing?
less albumin means less drugs binding, more free floating meds, toxic affects
drug's half-life
time it takes for the concentration of the drug in the body to decrease by 1/2
onset of action
when the desired response is reached
peak of action
time b/w admin of med and max drug in blood, therapeutic effect reached
duration of action
time of the desired response
, steady-state
4/5 x the half life, overall intake of med is equal with its elimination
factors affecting absorption
cell membrane, solubility (lipophilic vs hydrophilic), pH and ionization
drug metabolism
inactivation of the medication to prepare for elimination
CYP450 system
tries to inactivate the med to make it water soluble in order to excrete the med, responsible for
oxidation (method of metab), where drug interactions occur- when taking 2 of these meds they
will either induce or inhibit the other
drug efficacy
desired effect of med
intrinsic activity
a drug's efficacy to a drug of the highest observed efficacy
effectiveness
ability of drug to produce beneficial effect
purpose of peak and trough
determine therapeutic range of med. peak drawn 1-2 hours after, trough 30min prior to next
dose
pharmacoDYNAMICS
affect of drug on body - therapeutic index, dose response curve (onset, peak, duration), and
drug-receptor interactions. AGONIST vs ANTAGONIST
pharmacoKINETICS
affect of body on drug - absorption, metab, excrete, distrib
