FNP 2 Cardiology Exam |Questions and
Complete Verified Answers
Common causes of CP in children? - ANSWER Typically not cardiac in origin.
Focus on GI and MSK: esophagitis, costochondritis, asthma, drugs, anxiety
Common causes of palpitations in children? - ANSWER Anemia, thyroid, drugs, MVP
What is exercise associated collapse? - ANSWER Any feeling of faintness,
lightheadedness, or syncope during or following exercise
What work-up is done for exercise induced collapse? - ANSWER EKG for long QT, Echo,
Stress test to reproduce the sport that cause collapse
What is long QT syndrome? - ANSWER A Qt interval longer than 440 mms that places
the patient at higher risk of arrythmia
What is ASD and what are S/S? - ANSWER a hole between the atriums, will likely close
by age 4. If it doesn't you will hear a S1 split,
What is a VSD and what are S/S? - ANSWER most common acyanotic defects. a hole in
between eh ventricles that allows oxygenated blood to shunt back into the right
ventricle. will hear a holosystolic murmur. Will cause poor brain growth and lung
stiffness is not addressed.
What is a PDA and what are S/S? - ANSWER a vessel connects the pulmonary artery and
the aorta. May have HF, pneumonia, and will hear a loud machinery murmur in the left
upper chest
, When should a child referred for cardiology for elevated BP? What counts as elevated? -
ANSWER BP 120/80 must be reevaluated at a separate visit and if it persists should be
referred for a work up if under 10 or can try therapy at primary care level if over 10
What are the common CV problems associated with Down's? - ANSWER VSD which can
lead to heart failure
What are the 7 S's of innocent murmurs? - ANSWER Soft, short, systolic, sounds normal,
symptomless, standing/sitting changes murmur, special tests normal
What are the characteristics of a pathologic murmur in a child? - ANSWER =/>Grade 3,
holosystolic, max intensity at LUSB, harsh or blowing, systolic clicks, diastolic murmurs,
increased intensity in upright position, gallop rhythm, friction rub
Risk factors for CAD? - ANSWER Modifiable:Smoking, DM, hyperlipidemia, HTN, Obesity,
and lifestyle
Non-modifiable: Age >45 for men and >55 for women, Family hx, male gender
Pathophysiology of CAD? - ANSWER The main cause of CAD is atherosclerosis which is
caused overtime by repeated injury that causes the build up of plaques in the walls of
the arteries
What is symptomatic angina? - ANSWER This is chest pain that is caused from an
imbalance of oxygen supply and demand in the coronaries. The pain is typically
described as constricting, squeezing, choking, or knifelike.
What is Prinzmetal's angina? - ANSWER Also known as variant. This angina occurs at
rest, often wakes patient up at night and is due to coronary artery spasm
Complete Verified Answers
Common causes of CP in children? - ANSWER Typically not cardiac in origin.
Focus on GI and MSK: esophagitis, costochondritis, asthma, drugs, anxiety
Common causes of palpitations in children? - ANSWER Anemia, thyroid, drugs, MVP
What is exercise associated collapse? - ANSWER Any feeling of faintness,
lightheadedness, or syncope during or following exercise
What work-up is done for exercise induced collapse? - ANSWER EKG for long QT, Echo,
Stress test to reproduce the sport that cause collapse
What is long QT syndrome? - ANSWER A Qt interval longer than 440 mms that places
the patient at higher risk of arrythmia
What is ASD and what are S/S? - ANSWER a hole between the atriums, will likely close
by age 4. If it doesn't you will hear a S1 split,
What is a VSD and what are S/S? - ANSWER most common acyanotic defects. a hole in
between eh ventricles that allows oxygenated blood to shunt back into the right
ventricle. will hear a holosystolic murmur. Will cause poor brain growth and lung
stiffness is not addressed.
What is a PDA and what are S/S? - ANSWER a vessel connects the pulmonary artery and
the aorta. May have HF, pneumonia, and will hear a loud machinery murmur in the left
upper chest
, When should a child referred for cardiology for elevated BP? What counts as elevated? -
ANSWER BP 120/80 must be reevaluated at a separate visit and if it persists should be
referred for a work up if under 10 or can try therapy at primary care level if over 10
What are the common CV problems associated with Down's? - ANSWER VSD which can
lead to heart failure
What are the 7 S's of innocent murmurs? - ANSWER Soft, short, systolic, sounds normal,
symptomless, standing/sitting changes murmur, special tests normal
What are the characteristics of a pathologic murmur in a child? - ANSWER =/>Grade 3,
holosystolic, max intensity at LUSB, harsh or blowing, systolic clicks, diastolic murmurs,
increased intensity in upright position, gallop rhythm, friction rub
Risk factors for CAD? - ANSWER Modifiable:Smoking, DM, hyperlipidemia, HTN, Obesity,
and lifestyle
Non-modifiable: Age >45 for men and >55 for women, Family hx, male gender
Pathophysiology of CAD? - ANSWER The main cause of CAD is atherosclerosis which is
caused overtime by repeated injury that causes the build up of plaques in the walls of
the arteries
What is symptomatic angina? - ANSWER This is chest pain that is caused from an
imbalance of oxygen supply and demand in the coronaries. The pain is typically
described as constricting, squeezing, choking, or knifelike.
What is Prinzmetal's angina? - ANSWER Also known as variant. This angina occurs at
rest, often wakes patient up at night and is due to coronary artery spasm
