EXPERIENCE PSYCHOLOGY CHAPTER 7 BY LAURA KING
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTION
Cognition - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The way in which information is processed and
manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing
Artificial Intelligence (AI) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A scientific field focuses on
creating machines capable of performing activities that require intelligence when they are done
by people
Cognitive psychology - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A label for approaches that seek to
explain observable behavior by investigating the mental processes and structures that cannot be
directly observed
Thinking - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The process of manipulating information mentally
by forming concepts, solving problems, making decisions, and reflecting critically or creatively
Concepts - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A mental category that is used to group objects,
events, and characteristics
Prototype model - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A model emphasizing that when people
evaluate whether a given item reflects a certain concept, they compare the item with the most
typical item (s) in that category and look for a "family resemblance "with the items properties
Problem solving - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The mental process of finding an appropriate
way to attain a goal when the goal is not readily available
Heuristics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Shortcut strategies or guidelines that suggest a
solution to a problem but do not guarantee an answer. Going with your "gut feeling/instinct"
Algorithms - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Strategies -including formulas, instructions, and
the testing of all possible solutions - that guarantee a solution to a problem
, Subgoaling - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Setting intermediate goals or defining intermediate
problems in order to be in better position for reaching a final goal or solution
Fixation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Using a prior strategy and failing to look at a problem
from a fresh, new perspective
Functional fixedness - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Failing to solve a problem as a result of
fixation on a thing's usual functions
Reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The mental activity of transforming information
to reach conclusions
Inductive reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Reasoning from specific observations to
make generalizations
Deductive reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Reasoning from a general case that is
known to be true to a specific instance. Reasoning from general to specific
Decision making - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The mental activity of evaluating alternatives
and choosing among them
Confirmation bias - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The tendency to search for and use
information that supports ones ideas rather than refutes them
Hindsight bias - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The tendency to report falsely, after the fact,
that one has accurately predicted an outcome
Availability heuristic - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A prediction about the probability of an
event based on the ease of recalling or imagining similar events
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTION
Cognition - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The way in which information is processed and
manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing
Artificial Intelligence (AI) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A scientific field focuses on
creating machines capable of performing activities that require intelligence when they are done
by people
Cognitive psychology - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A label for approaches that seek to
explain observable behavior by investigating the mental processes and structures that cannot be
directly observed
Thinking - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The process of manipulating information mentally
by forming concepts, solving problems, making decisions, and reflecting critically or creatively
Concepts - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A mental category that is used to group objects,
events, and characteristics
Prototype model - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A model emphasizing that when people
evaluate whether a given item reflects a certain concept, they compare the item with the most
typical item (s) in that category and look for a "family resemblance "with the items properties
Problem solving - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The mental process of finding an appropriate
way to attain a goal when the goal is not readily available
Heuristics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Shortcut strategies or guidelines that suggest a
solution to a problem but do not guarantee an answer. Going with your "gut feeling/instinct"
Algorithms - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Strategies -including formulas, instructions, and
the testing of all possible solutions - that guarantee a solution to a problem
, Subgoaling - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Setting intermediate goals or defining intermediate
problems in order to be in better position for reaching a final goal or solution
Fixation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Using a prior strategy and failing to look at a problem
from a fresh, new perspective
Functional fixedness - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Failing to solve a problem as a result of
fixation on a thing's usual functions
Reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The mental activity of transforming information
to reach conclusions
Inductive reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Reasoning from specific observations to
make generalizations
Deductive reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Reasoning from a general case that is
known to be true to a specific instance. Reasoning from general to specific
Decision making - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The mental activity of evaluating alternatives
and choosing among them
Confirmation bias - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The tendency to search for and use
information that supports ones ideas rather than refutes them
Hindsight bias - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅The tendency to report falsely, after the fact,
that one has accurately predicted an outcome
Availability heuristic - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅A prediction about the probability of an
event based on the ease of recalling or imagining similar events
