Actg470 Exam 1 With
Correct Answers
What is ethics? - ANSWER the philosophical study of morality
Morality - ANSWER The standards that a given society, group, or even an
individual has in deciding what is good or bad, right or wrong
Where do we get our morality - ANSWER External and internal from
ourselves
external sources - ANSWER Potential standards: parents taught us at a young
age to protect us from harm
Relationships with others: bad to hit your siblings, bad to lie to parents
Internal(within ourselves) - ANSWER We take in all of our experiences in life
to date and through that maturation process, we may develop our new moral
standards and reject some of the standards that we otherwise have been
given.
Maturation process(by Lawrence kohlberg) - ANSWER Mortal reasoning, the
basis for ethical behavior, has 6 identifiable development stages, which
develop for most throughout their lives
Level 1: Preconventional Morality - ANSWER Stage 1: obedience and
punishment
-earliest stage
,-about rules. Fixed and absolute
-must obey rules or will face punishment
-punishment equal pain and pain hurts
Stage 2: individualism and exchange
-child goes beyond the strict rules because it's the rules
-child looks at rules as their own self interest
Level 2: Conventional Morality - ANSWER Stage 3: Interpersonal relationships
-"good boy, good girl" orientation
-living on social expectations of others
-being nice or appearing to others as nice
Stage 4: maintains social order
-people begin to consider society as a whole when making decisions
-awareness that the person is part of a larger world than just themselves
-emphasizing the importance of maintaining law and order by following the
rules, by doing one's duty and respecting authority
Level 3: Post-conventional morality - ANSWER Stage 5: social contract and
individual rights
-people begin to recognize that there may be a difference in values, beliefs
and opinions held by others
-the person accepts the importance of rules, but only those rules that the
members of society as a whole agree upon
, Stage 6: universal principles
-final stage
-there can be universal ethical principles and can be determined throughout
abstract reasoning
-the person may discover and follow internalized principals of justice, even if
they conflict with laws and rules
Principles of Justice - ANSWER Requires us to treat the claims of all parties in
an important manner, respecting the basic dignity of all people as
individuals. Universal, applies to all
moral dilemma - ANSWER -occurs when you're in a situation where you
ought to do two things, but you can only do one
-situations where both choices can lead to morally bad results
-some otherwise good and valid standard us going to be violated for the
sake of some other good and valid moral standard.
What is the purpose of this course? - ANSWER To help create an attitude, a
disposition, and a habit of living an ethical life in business
critical thinking - ANSWER The examination and test of propositions of any
kind which are offered for acceptance, in order to find out whether they
correspond to reality or not
critical faculty - ANSWER Is a product of education and training. It's a mental
habit and power. It is a prime condition of human welfare that men and
women should be trained in. It is our only guarantee against delusion,
deception, superstition, and misapprehension of ourselves and our earthly
Correct Answers
What is ethics? - ANSWER the philosophical study of morality
Morality - ANSWER The standards that a given society, group, or even an
individual has in deciding what is good or bad, right or wrong
Where do we get our morality - ANSWER External and internal from
ourselves
external sources - ANSWER Potential standards: parents taught us at a young
age to protect us from harm
Relationships with others: bad to hit your siblings, bad to lie to parents
Internal(within ourselves) - ANSWER We take in all of our experiences in life
to date and through that maturation process, we may develop our new moral
standards and reject some of the standards that we otherwise have been
given.
Maturation process(by Lawrence kohlberg) - ANSWER Mortal reasoning, the
basis for ethical behavior, has 6 identifiable development stages, which
develop for most throughout their lives
Level 1: Preconventional Morality - ANSWER Stage 1: obedience and
punishment
-earliest stage
,-about rules. Fixed and absolute
-must obey rules or will face punishment
-punishment equal pain and pain hurts
Stage 2: individualism and exchange
-child goes beyond the strict rules because it's the rules
-child looks at rules as their own self interest
Level 2: Conventional Morality - ANSWER Stage 3: Interpersonal relationships
-"good boy, good girl" orientation
-living on social expectations of others
-being nice or appearing to others as nice
Stage 4: maintains social order
-people begin to consider society as a whole when making decisions
-awareness that the person is part of a larger world than just themselves
-emphasizing the importance of maintaining law and order by following the
rules, by doing one's duty and respecting authority
Level 3: Post-conventional morality - ANSWER Stage 5: social contract and
individual rights
-people begin to recognize that there may be a difference in values, beliefs
and opinions held by others
-the person accepts the importance of rules, but only those rules that the
members of society as a whole agree upon
, Stage 6: universal principles
-final stage
-there can be universal ethical principles and can be determined throughout
abstract reasoning
-the person may discover and follow internalized principals of justice, even if
they conflict with laws and rules
Principles of Justice - ANSWER Requires us to treat the claims of all parties in
an important manner, respecting the basic dignity of all people as
individuals. Universal, applies to all
moral dilemma - ANSWER -occurs when you're in a situation where you
ought to do two things, but you can only do one
-situations where both choices can lead to morally bad results
-some otherwise good and valid standard us going to be violated for the
sake of some other good and valid moral standard.
What is the purpose of this course? - ANSWER To help create an attitude, a
disposition, and a habit of living an ethical life in business
critical thinking - ANSWER The examination and test of propositions of any
kind which are offered for acceptance, in order to find out whether they
correspond to reality or not
critical faculty - ANSWER Is a product of education and training. It's a mental
habit and power. It is a prime condition of human welfare that men and
women should be trained in. It is our only guarantee against delusion,
deception, superstition, and misapprehension of ourselves and our earthly
