Industrial Psych Exam One (Chpts. 1-6)
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Industrial-Organizational (I/O) Psychology - ✔✔the application of psychological
principles, theory, and research to the work setting
Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP) - ✔✔An association to
which many IO psychologists, both practitioners and researchers, belong. Designated as
Division 14 of the American Psychological Association (APA).
personnel psychology - ✔✔Field of psychology that addresses issues such as
recruitment, selection, training, performance appraisal, promotion, transfer, and
termination. The goal is to find or fit the best person to the job.
Human Resources management (HRM) - ✔✔Practices such as recruitment, selection,
retention, training, and development of people (human resources) in order to achieve
individual and organizational goals.
organizational psychology - ✔✔field of psychology that combines research from social
psychology and organizational behavior and addresses the emotional and motivational
Brittie Donald, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
,side of work. It concentrates on the reactions of people to work and the action plans that
develop as a result of those reactions.
human engineering or human factors psychology - ✔✔the study of the capacities and
limitations of humans with respect to a particular environment. Almost the opposite of
the personnel approach. The goal is to develop an environment that is compatible with
the characteristics of the worker.
scientist-practitioner model - ✔✔A model that uses scientific tools and research in the
practice of I-O psychology.
Welfare-to-work program - ✔✔program that requires individuals to work in return for
government subsidies
Telecommuting - ✔✔accomplishing work tasks from a distant location using electronic
communication media
Virtual Team - ✔✔team that has widely dispersed members working together toward a
common goal and linked through computers and other technology
Stanford-Binet Test - ✔✔A well-known intelligence test designed for testing one
individual at a time. Originally developed by Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon in 1905,
the Binet-Simon test was updated starting in 1916 by Lewis Terman and colleagues at
Stanford University, which led to the test's current name.
Brittie Donald, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
,scientific management - ✔✔A movement based on principles developed by Frederick
W. Taylor, who suggested that there was one best and most efficient way to perform
various jobs.
revery obsession - ✔✔Australian psychologist Elton Mayo proposed that this mental
state resulted from the mind-numbing, repetitive, and difficult work that characterized
U.S. factories in the early 20th century, causing factory workers to be unhappy, prone to
resist management attempts to increase productivity, and sympathetic to labor unions.
Hawthorne Studies - ✔✔Research done at the Hawthorne, Illinois, plant of the Western
Electric Company that began as attempts to increase productivity by manipulating
lighting, rest breaks, and work hours. This research showed the important role that
workers' attitudes played in productivity.
Hawthorne Effect - ✔✔a change in behavior or attitudes that was the simple result of
increased attention
Human Relations Movement - ✔✔proposed that better human relations could increase
worker productivity
Civil Rights Act of 1964 - ✔✔Federal legislation that prohibits discrimination in hiring,
firing, compensation, apprenticeships, training, terms, conditions, or privileges of
employment based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin which define what are
known as protected groups. Prohibits not only intentional discrimination but also
Brittie Donald, All Rights Reserved © 2025 3
, practices that have the unintentional effect of discrimination against individuals of
protected groups.
American Psychological Association (APA) - ✔✔The major professional organization
for psychologists of all kinds in the United States.
culture - ✔✔A system in which individuals share meanings and common ways of
viewing events and objects
"West versus the Rest" mentality - ✔✔Tendency for researchers to develop theories
relevant to U.S. situations, with less concern given to their applicability in other
countries.
expatriate - ✔✔manager or professional assigned to work in a location outside of his or
her home country
collectivist culture - ✔✔A culture that values the group more than the individual.
individualist culture - ✔✔A culture that values the individual more than the group.
Hofstede's Theory - ✔✔Culture is more complex than a single continuum. There are
five basic factors on which cultures can be distinguished -- individualism/collectivism,
power distance, masculinity/femininity, and long term vs. short term orientation.
Horizontal Culture - ✔✔a culture that minimizes distances between individuals
Brittie Donald, All Rights Reserved © 2025 4
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Industrial-Organizational (I/O) Psychology - ✔✔the application of psychological
principles, theory, and research to the work setting
Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP) - ✔✔An association to
which many IO psychologists, both practitioners and researchers, belong. Designated as
Division 14 of the American Psychological Association (APA).
personnel psychology - ✔✔Field of psychology that addresses issues such as
recruitment, selection, training, performance appraisal, promotion, transfer, and
termination. The goal is to find or fit the best person to the job.
Human Resources management (HRM) - ✔✔Practices such as recruitment, selection,
retention, training, and development of people (human resources) in order to achieve
individual and organizational goals.
organizational psychology - ✔✔field of psychology that combines research from social
psychology and organizational behavior and addresses the emotional and motivational
Brittie Donald, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
,side of work. It concentrates on the reactions of people to work and the action plans that
develop as a result of those reactions.
human engineering or human factors psychology - ✔✔the study of the capacities and
limitations of humans with respect to a particular environment. Almost the opposite of
the personnel approach. The goal is to develop an environment that is compatible with
the characteristics of the worker.
scientist-practitioner model - ✔✔A model that uses scientific tools and research in the
practice of I-O psychology.
Welfare-to-work program - ✔✔program that requires individuals to work in return for
government subsidies
Telecommuting - ✔✔accomplishing work tasks from a distant location using electronic
communication media
Virtual Team - ✔✔team that has widely dispersed members working together toward a
common goal and linked through computers and other technology
Stanford-Binet Test - ✔✔A well-known intelligence test designed for testing one
individual at a time. Originally developed by Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon in 1905,
the Binet-Simon test was updated starting in 1916 by Lewis Terman and colleagues at
Stanford University, which led to the test's current name.
Brittie Donald, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2
,scientific management - ✔✔A movement based on principles developed by Frederick
W. Taylor, who suggested that there was one best and most efficient way to perform
various jobs.
revery obsession - ✔✔Australian psychologist Elton Mayo proposed that this mental
state resulted from the mind-numbing, repetitive, and difficult work that characterized
U.S. factories in the early 20th century, causing factory workers to be unhappy, prone to
resist management attempts to increase productivity, and sympathetic to labor unions.
Hawthorne Studies - ✔✔Research done at the Hawthorne, Illinois, plant of the Western
Electric Company that began as attempts to increase productivity by manipulating
lighting, rest breaks, and work hours. This research showed the important role that
workers' attitudes played in productivity.
Hawthorne Effect - ✔✔a change in behavior or attitudes that was the simple result of
increased attention
Human Relations Movement - ✔✔proposed that better human relations could increase
worker productivity
Civil Rights Act of 1964 - ✔✔Federal legislation that prohibits discrimination in hiring,
firing, compensation, apprenticeships, training, terms, conditions, or privileges of
employment based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin which define what are
known as protected groups. Prohibits not only intentional discrimination but also
Brittie Donald, All Rights Reserved © 2025 3
, practices that have the unintentional effect of discrimination against individuals of
protected groups.
American Psychological Association (APA) - ✔✔The major professional organization
for psychologists of all kinds in the United States.
culture - ✔✔A system in which individuals share meanings and common ways of
viewing events and objects
"West versus the Rest" mentality - ✔✔Tendency for researchers to develop theories
relevant to U.S. situations, with less concern given to their applicability in other
countries.
expatriate - ✔✔manager or professional assigned to work in a location outside of his or
her home country
collectivist culture - ✔✔A culture that values the group more than the individual.
individualist culture - ✔✔A culture that values the individual more than the group.
Hofstede's Theory - ✔✔Culture is more complex than a single continuum. There are
five basic factors on which cultures can be distinguished -- individualism/collectivism,
power distance, masculinity/femininity, and long term vs. short term orientation.
Horizontal Culture - ✔✔a culture that minimizes distances between individuals
Brittie Donald, All Rights Reserved © 2025 4
