COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING FINAL EXAM
REVIEW QUESTIONS; 100% SOLVED
discourse - ANS-shape relations of power and what is valued by society - through language
social determinants of health - ANS-a discourse on health within the systems view
discourses on health in Canada - ANS-medical model and the systems view
health, according to the medical model - ANS-absence of disease
health according to the systems view - ANS-physical/mental/social well-being (not just the absence of
infirmity)
a competing discourse to the medical view - ANS-systems model
the key social determinants of health - ANS-
prerequisites for health (Ottawa Charter, 1986) - ANS-peace, shelter, education, food, income, stable
ecosystem, sustainable resources, social justice, and equity
Document published by WHO in 1986 - ANS-The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion
Document published by the Canadian Government in 1974 - ANS-The Lalonde Report
The Lalonde Report - ANS-health is not achievable from medical care alone; interplay between human
biology, lifestyles, the environment, and health care systems.
How can nurses orient their practice to the social determinants of health? - ANS-educating the public
about risky behaviours, participating in reorienting the health system, and advocating for healthy public
policy.
What are the elements of primary care? - ANS-reducing exclusion and social disparities in health
(universal coverage reforms);
organizing health services around people's needs and expectations (service delivery reforms);
integrating health into all sectors (public policy reforms);
pursuing collaborative models of policy dialogue (leadership reforms); and
increasing stakeholder participation.
What is the difference between the medical model and systems view of health? - ANS-Absence of
disease PLUS physical/spiritual/psychological well-being
, What is the challenge to nurses working within the two discourses of health? - ANS-He/she must
integrate the two into their practice; role of the expert collecting data to determine the problem while
engaging in relational practice and focusing on wholeness and that individual's experiences.
abiding vitality - ANS-when healthy, person has sparkle and animation
transitional harmony - ANS-when healthy, one has a sense of harmony and balance
rhythmical connectedness - ANS-when healthy, one experiences wholeness and an attachment to the
world --> positive sense of personal contribution, effectiveness & identity
unfolding fulfillment - ANS-engaging with life's challenges is meaningful
active optimism - ANS-one can cope with life and its challenges if they have the attitude/resources to do
so
population health model - ANS-framework that suggests three streams to promoting health
downstream - ANS-individual-focused orientation to treatment and cure (eg. pharm, surgery, rehab)
mid-stream - ANS-support at the community/organization level, create environments conducive to living
healthfully (eg. opportunity for physical activity, prenatal care etc)
upstream - ANS-healthy public policy, programs and services deal with macro-level issues of
employment, education, and health care access in the community.
biomedical approach - ANS-health = absence of disease
target risk factors = physiological (eg. hypertension)
strategies = screening, patient education, immunization
success = decrease morbidity/mortality rates and less prevalence of physiological risk factors
behavioral approach - ANS-health = functioning and well-being
target risk factors = behavioral (eg. smoking)
strategies = education, social marketing, regulation/public policy
success = decrease in behavioral risk factors and enactment of health public policy
socio-environmental approach - ANS-health = functioning and well-being at individual/community
levels.
target risk factors = psychosocial (eg. low self-esteem) and socio-environmental (eg. poverty)
strategies = Ottawa Charter (4 strategies), empowerment
success = improved perception of health, nocial networks, involvement of community group action,
enactment of healthy public policy
What are the three approaches to health promotion that have dominated the 20th century? - ANS-
biomedical, behavioral/lifestyle, & socio-environmental
physiological risk factors - ANS-hypertension, high cholesterol, poor immunity, etc.
REVIEW QUESTIONS; 100% SOLVED
discourse - ANS-shape relations of power and what is valued by society - through language
social determinants of health - ANS-a discourse on health within the systems view
discourses on health in Canada - ANS-medical model and the systems view
health, according to the medical model - ANS-absence of disease
health according to the systems view - ANS-physical/mental/social well-being (not just the absence of
infirmity)
a competing discourse to the medical view - ANS-systems model
the key social determinants of health - ANS-
prerequisites for health (Ottawa Charter, 1986) - ANS-peace, shelter, education, food, income, stable
ecosystem, sustainable resources, social justice, and equity
Document published by WHO in 1986 - ANS-The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion
Document published by the Canadian Government in 1974 - ANS-The Lalonde Report
The Lalonde Report - ANS-health is not achievable from medical care alone; interplay between human
biology, lifestyles, the environment, and health care systems.
How can nurses orient their practice to the social determinants of health? - ANS-educating the public
about risky behaviours, participating in reorienting the health system, and advocating for healthy public
policy.
What are the elements of primary care? - ANS-reducing exclusion and social disparities in health
(universal coverage reforms);
organizing health services around people's needs and expectations (service delivery reforms);
integrating health into all sectors (public policy reforms);
pursuing collaborative models of policy dialogue (leadership reforms); and
increasing stakeholder participation.
What is the difference between the medical model and systems view of health? - ANS-Absence of
disease PLUS physical/spiritual/psychological well-being
, What is the challenge to nurses working within the two discourses of health? - ANS-He/she must
integrate the two into their practice; role of the expert collecting data to determine the problem while
engaging in relational practice and focusing on wholeness and that individual's experiences.
abiding vitality - ANS-when healthy, person has sparkle and animation
transitional harmony - ANS-when healthy, one has a sense of harmony and balance
rhythmical connectedness - ANS-when healthy, one experiences wholeness and an attachment to the
world --> positive sense of personal contribution, effectiveness & identity
unfolding fulfillment - ANS-engaging with life's challenges is meaningful
active optimism - ANS-one can cope with life and its challenges if they have the attitude/resources to do
so
population health model - ANS-framework that suggests three streams to promoting health
downstream - ANS-individual-focused orientation to treatment and cure (eg. pharm, surgery, rehab)
mid-stream - ANS-support at the community/organization level, create environments conducive to living
healthfully (eg. opportunity for physical activity, prenatal care etc)
upstream - ANS-healthy public policy, programs and services deal with macro-level issues of
employment, education, and health care access in the community.
biomedical approach - ANS-health = absence of disease
target risk factors = physiological (eg. hypertension)
strategies = screening, patient education, immunization
success = decrease morbidity/mortality rates and less prevalence of physiological risk factors
behavioral approach - ANS-health = functioning and well-being
target risk factors = behavioral (eg. smoking)
strategies = education, social marketing, regulation/public policy
success = decrease in behavioral risk factors and enactment of health public policy
socio-environmental approach - ANS-health = functioning and well-being at individual/community
levels.
target risk factors = psychosocial (eg. low self-esteem) and socio-environmental (eg. poverty)
strategies = Ottawa Charter (4 strategies), empowerment
success = improved perception of health, nocial networks, involvement of community group action,
enactment of healthy public policy
What are the three approaches to health promotion that have dominated the 20th century? - ANS-
biomedical, behavioral/lifestyle, & socio-environmental
physiological risk factors - ANS-hypertension, high cholesterol, poor immunity, etc.
