Exam 1 N275 Review Questions, ATI Questions, Case Study
Questions With Complete Solutions
A 3-year-old patient has an intramuscular medication ordered.
What is the most appropriate approach to gain the child's
cooperation?
a. Engage a second nurse to hold the child's body down.
b. Have the child give a pretend injection to a toy animal.
c. Restrain the child's lower extremities and give injection.
d. Request that all family members wait outside of the room.
Correct Answers b. have the child give a pretend injection to a
toy animal
A 4-year-old patient is discharged on an oral liquid drug
suspension of 4 mL per dose. Which device will the nurse
recommend to ensure the highest level of accuracy in home
administration of the drug?
a. Measuring spoon
b. Graduated medicine cup
c. Household teaspoon
d. Oral syringe Correct Answers d. oral syringe
A 78-year-old woman comes to the clinic for a new-patient
examination. She reports that she smokes Cannabis several
times a week and also takes alprazolam 0.5 mg three times per
day, a combination tablet of metoprolol tartrate 50
mg/hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg daily, aspirin 81 mg daily; garlic
soft-gels 1000 mg twice a day; and ibuprofen 400 mg four times
a day.
1. Do any of these drugs appear on the 2015 American
Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate
,Medication Use in Older Adults? If so, what do the criteria say
about them?
2. What interactions exist among the drugs and supplements this
patient is taking?
3. What is the evidence for taking garlic to reduce cholesterol?
Correct Answers 1. Alprazolam is on the list; older adults have
increased sensitivity to this drug, leading to an increased risk for
falls, fractures, cognitive impairment, and motor vehicle
accidents. There is a strong recommendation to avoid the use of
this drug in older adults and to avoid the long-term use of
ibuprofen because of the increased risk for gastrointestinal
bleeding.
2. Taking aspirin and ibuprofen together increases the risk for
bleeding.
Ibuprofen and aspirin can decrease the diuretic effect of
hydrochlorothiazide and can cause fluid retention through
inhibition of renal prostaglandins.
Aspirin can decrease the effectiveness of metoprolol through
pharmacodynamic antagonism.
Ibuprofen decreases the antiplatelet effects of aspirin.
Cannabis increases the level and effects of metoprolol by
affecting CYP2D6 metabolism.
Cannabis significantly increases the level of alprazolam by
effecting CYP34A metabolism, thereby increasing sedation.
Garlic taken with aspirin increases the risk of bleeding.
Taking aspirin and ibuprofen with metoprolol can increase
potassium levels.
,3. There is some evidence that garlic slightly lowers blood
cholesterol levels over the short term, but the evidence is
inconclusive at this time.
A Native American patient is newly diagnosed with type 2
diabetes mellitus and is prescribed the antidiabetic drug
metformin 500 mg by mouth with morning and evening meals.
Which statement best indicates to the nurse that the patient will
adhere to the therapeutic regimen?
a. I will no longer put sugar on my cereal because that will help
me be healthier.
b. If I take this medicine, I will feel better soon and won't have
to take it anymore.
c. To reduce the possibility of damage to my body, I must take
the medicine as scheduled.
d. I have diabetes because of my ancestry, so there's not much I
can do about it. Correct Answers a. I will no longer put sugar
on my cereal because that will help me be healthier
A nurse caring for a child with developmental delay prepares to
teach the patient about prescribed drugs. Which actions are
essential to ensure patient safety? (Select all that apply.)
a. Assess the child's developmental age.
b. Assess for side effects the same as those experienced by
adults.
c. Consider the actions and uses of the drug.
d. Focus on the child's chronologic age.
e. Involve the family in teaching sessions. Correct Answers a.
assess the child's developmental age
c. consider the actions and uses of the drug
e. involve the family in teaching sessions
, A nurse educator is reviewing medication metabolism at an in-
service presentation. Which of the following factors should the
educator include as a reason to administer lower medication
dosages? (Select all that apply)
a. increased renal excretion
b. increased medication-metabolizing enzymes
c. liver failure
d. peripheral vascular disease
e. concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
Correct Answers c. liver failure
e. concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
A nurse in a clinic is caring for a group of clients. Then nurse
should contact the provider about a potential contraindication to
a medication for which of the following clients? ( Select all that
apply)
a. a client at 8 weeks of gestation who asks for an influenza
immunization
b. a client who takes prednisone and has a possible fungal
infection
c. a client who has chronic liver disease and is taking
hydrocodone/acetaminophen
d. a client who has peptic ulcer disease, takes sucralfate, and has
started taking OTC aluminum hydroxide
e. a client who has a prosthetic heart valve, takes warfarin, and
reports a suspected pregnancy Correct Answers b. a client who
takes prednisone and has a possible fungal infection
c. a client who has chronic liver disease and is taking
hydrocodone/acetaminophen
Questions With Complete Solutions
A 3-year-old patient has an intramuscular medication ordered.
What is the most appropriate approach to gain the child's
cooperation?
a. Engage a second nurse to hold the child's body down.
b. Have the child give a pretend injection to a toy animal.
c. Restrain the child's lower extremities and give injection.
d. Request that all family members wait outside of the room.
Correct Answers b. have the child give a pretend injection to a
toy animal
A 4-year-old patient is discharged on an oral liquid drug
suspension of 4 mL per dose. Which device will the nurse
recommend to ensure the highest level of accuracy in home
administration of the drug?
a. Measuring spoon
b. Graduated medicine cup
c. Household teaspoon
d. Oral syringe Correct Answers d. oral syringe
A 78-year-old woman comes to the clinic for a new-patient
examination. She reports that she smokes Cannabis several
times a week and also takes alprazolam 0.5 mg three times per
day, a combination tablet of metoprolol tartrate 50
mg/hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg daily, aspirin 81 mg daily; garlic
soft-gels 1000 mg twice a day; and ibuprofen 400 mg four times
a day.
1. Do any of these drugs appear on the 2015 American
Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate
,Medication Use in Older Adults? If so, what do the criteria say
about them?
2. What interactions exist among the drugs and supplements this
patient is taking?
3. What is the evidence for taking garlic to reduce cholesterol?
Correct Answers 1. Alprazolam is on the list; older adults have
increased sensitivity to this drug, leading to an increased risk for
falls, fractures, cognitive impairment, and motor vehicle
accidents. There is a strong recommendation to avoid the use of
this drug in older adults and to avoid the long-term use of
ibuprofen because of the increased risk for gastrointestinal
bleeding.
2. Taking aspirin and ibuprofen together increases the risk for
bleeding.
Ibuprofen and aspirin can decrease the diuretic effect of
hydrochlorothiazide and can cause fluid retention through
inhibition of renal prostaglandins.
Aspirin can decrease the effectiveness of metoprolol through
pharmacodynamic antagonism.
Ibuprofen decreases the antiplatelet effects of aspirin.
Cannabis increases the level and effects of metoprolol by
affecting CYP2D6 metabolism.
Cannabis significantly increases the level of alprazolam by
effecting CYP34A metabolism, thereby increasing sedation.
Garlic taken with aspirin increases the risk of bleeding.
Taking aspirin and ibuprofen with metoprolol can increase
potassium levels.
,3. There is some evidence that garlic slightly lowers blood
cholesterol levels over the short term, but the evidence is
inconclusive at this time.
A Native American patient is newly diagnosed with type 2
diabetes mellitus and is prescribed the antidiabetic drug
metformin 500 mg by mouth with morning and evening meals.
Which statement best indicates to the nurse that the patient will
adhere to the therapeutic regimen?
a. I will no longer put sugar on my cereal because that will help
me be healthier.
b. If I take this medicine, I will feel better soon and won't have
to take it anymore.
c. To reduce the possibility of damage to my body, I must take
the medicine as scheduled.
d. I have diabetes because of my ancestry, so there's not much I
can do about it. Correct Answers a. I will no longer put sugar
on my cereal because that will help me be healthier
A nurse caring for a child with developmental delay prepares to
teach the patient about prescribed drugs. Which actions are
essential to ensure patient safety? (Select all that apply.)
a. Assess the child's developmental age.
b. Assess for side effects the same as those experienced by
adults.
c. Consider the actions and uses of the drug.
d. Focus on the child's chronologic age.
e. Involve the family in teaching sessions. Correct Answers a.
assess the child's developmental age
c. consider the actions and uses of the drug
e. involve the family in teaching sessions
, A nurse educator is reviewing medication metabolism at an in-
service presentation. Which of the following factors should the
educator include as a reason to administer lower medication
dosages? (Select all that apply)
a. increased renal excretion
b. increased medication-metabolizing enzymes
c. liver failure
d. peripheral vascular disease
e. concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
Correct Answers c. liver failure
e. concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
A nurse in a clinic is caring for a group of clients. Then nurse
should contact the provider about a potential contraindication to
a medication for which of the following clients? ( Select all that
apply)
a. a client at 8 weeks of gestation who asks for an influenza
immunization
b. a client who takes prednisone and has a possible fungal
infection
c. a client who has chronic liver disease and is taking
hydrocodone/acetaminophen
d. a client who has peptic ulcer disease, takes sucralfate, and has
started taking OTC aluminum hydroxide
e. a client who has a prosthetic heart valve, takes warfarin, and
reports a suspected pregnancy Correct Answers b. a client who
takes prednisone and has a possible fungal infection
c. a client who has chronic liver disease and is taking
hydrocodone/acetaminophen
