Chapter 29 - Fluids, Electrolytes, and
Introduction to Acid-Base Balance
__________ & ___________ can be administered IV to reduce the serum level of potassium
whilst it reaches dangerously excessive stages. - ANS-insulin, glucose
___________ is the liquid portion of the blood that stays after removing the blood cells -
ANS-plasma
A condition wherein the pH of frame fluids is under 7.35, because of both insufficient alkalinity or
excessive acidity or each is referred to as - ANS-acidosis
A patient who consumes a weight-reduction plan that is deficient in nutrition D may be at danger
for deficiency of which of the subsequent?
A: Calcium
B: Potassium
C: Phosphorus
D: Magnesium - ANS-A
A substance that can bind with a sturdy acid or a strong base to save you foremost changes
within the pH of frame fluid is referred to as a - ANS-buffer
Acidosis is underneath - ANS-7.35
Alkalosis is above - ANS-7.Forty five
An acidic pH might be one which falls among ______ & _______ - ANS-zero, 6.9
An acidic pH would have extra ______ ions than _______ - ANS-H, OH
An alkaline pH could have extra _______ ions than ______ ions - ANS-OH, H
An older adult, or senior, with cardiac sickness such as coronary heart failure is at hazard for
fluid-volume overload. Which of the following interventions might be appropriate.
A: Provide some coffee or tea as part of every day fluid consumption
B: Restrict fluids
C: Increase salt consumption
D: Monitor every day weights - ANS-A, B, D
ANF is every other hormone that influences the body's water stage. Which of the following
statements concerning ANF are correct?
A: ANF's production is signaled whilst baroreceptors stumble on abnormally low pressure,
meaning that blood volume is too low
B: ANF inhibits renin manufacturing with the aid of the kidneys
C: ANF reasons sodium to be retained via the kidneys
D: The stop result to ANF will increase water loss via the kidneys - ANS-B, D
Calcium is ninety nine% mixed with - ANS-phosphorus
Fluid volume deficit is likewise referred to as - ANS-hypovolemia
For a patient on furosemide the nurse might reveal the sufferers ____________ values -
ANS-potassium
, High calcium can reason - ANS-digitalis toxicity
Hormone that regulates fluid and electrolyte stability by way of stimulating the kidneys to
maintain greater sodium and excrete potassium - ANS-Aldosterone
How many grams of potassium per day? - ANS-4.7 g
Hypervolemia is extent excess. Which of the subsequent statements are proper concerning
hypervolemia?
A: Most fluid-quantity extra is as a result of consuming toom uch water and other fluids
B: Hypervolemia can be because of infusion of too much sodium chloride intravenously.
C: Genrally, most hypervolemia is a result of retention of sodium and water in the extracellular
fluid
D: Kidney, coronary heart, or liver disease can reason hypervolemia
E: Overweight adults and newborns are the patients most liable to fluid volume excess. -
ANS-B, C
Hypovolemia is whilst a affected person loses each - ANS-fluids and electrolytes
If the affected person's blood pH is 7.47, the patient is in
A: Alkalosis
B: Acidosis
C: Hypovolemic shock
D: Tetany - ANS-A
Intravascular space consists of the _________ _________ & _________ - ANS-blood vessels,
coronary heart
Ionized calcium is wanted for which of the following frame features?
A: Delivery of glucose into the cells
B: Transmission of electrical impulses along nerve pathways
C: Normal oxygen saturations
D: Normal bowel fucntion
E: Muscle contraction and relaxation - ANS-B, E
Loss of both fluids and electrolytes - ANS-fluid volume deficit
lack of fluid simplest ensuing in increased electrolytes in closing frame fluid - ANS-dehydration
Loss of fluid best; results in an growth of electrolyte attention within the ultimate frame fluid -
ANS-Dehydration
Magnesium, _________ and potassium degrees are carefully related: When the blood degree of
1 is down, the alternative two are in all likelihood to additionally be reduced. - ANS-calcium
Most water is absorbed inside the - ANS-huge gut
Normal tiers for Calcium - ANS-eight.2-10.2 mg/dL
Normal tiers for Chloride - ANS-ninety seven-107 mEq/L
Normal ranges for Magnesium - ANS-1.6-2.2 mEq/L
Normal ranges for Phosphorus - ANS-2.Five-4.Five mg/dL
Normal stages for Potassium - ANS-three.5-five.3 mEq/L
Normal ranges for Sodium - ANS-a hundred thirty five-one hundred forty five mEq/L
Normal ranges for sodium - ANS-2500 mg
Nursing actions for Fluid Volume Imbalances include looking for __________ blood pressure,
_______ PR, _____ temperature - ANS-reduced, improved, improved
Plasma - ANS-Extracellular compartment
Introduction to Acid-Base Balance
__________ & ___________ can be administered IV to reduce the serum level of potassium
whilst it reaches dangerously excessive stages. - ANS-insulin, glucose
___________ is the liquid portion of the blood that stays after removing the blood cells -
ANS-plasma
A condition wherein the pH of frame fluids is under 7.35, because of both insufficient alkalinity or
excessive acidity or each is referred to as - ANS-acidosis
A patient who consumes a weight-reduction plan that is deficient in nutrition D may be at danger
for deficiency of which of the subsequent?
A: Calcium
B: Potassium
C: Phosphorus
D: Magnesium - ANS-A
A substance that can bind with a sturdy acid or a strong base to save you foremost changes
within the pH of frame fluid is referred to as a - ANS-buffer
Acidosis is underneath - ANS-7.35
Alkalosis is above - ANS-7.Forty five
An acidic pH might be one which falls among ______ & _______ - ANS-zero, 6.9
An acidic pH would have extra ______ ions than _______ - ANS-H, OH
An alkaline pH could have extra _______ ions than ______ ions - ANS-OH, H
An older adult, or senior, with cardiac sickness such as coronary heart failure is at hazard for
fluid-volume overload. Which of the following interventions might be appropriate.
A: Provide some coffee or tea as part of every day fluid consumption
B: Restrict fluids
C: Increase salt consumption
D: Monitor every day weights - ANS-A, B, D
ANF is every other hormone that influences the body's water stage. Which of the following
statements concerning ANF are correct?
A: ANF's production is signaled whilst baroreceptors stumble on abnormally low pressure,
meaning that blood volume is too low
B: ANF inhibits renin manufacturing with the aid of the kidneys
C: ANF reasons sodium to be retained via the kidneys
D: The stop result to ANF will increase water loss via the kidneys - ANS-B, D
Calcium is ninety nine% mixed with - ANS-phosphorus
Fluid volume deficit is likewise referred to as - ANS-hypovolemia
For a patient on furosemide the nurse might reveal the sufferers ____________ values -
ANS-potassium
, High calcium can reason - ANS-digitalis toxicity
Hormone that regulates fluid and electrolyte stability by way of stimulating the kidneys to
maintain greater sodium and excrete potassium - ANS-Aldosterone
How many grams of potassium per day? - ANS-4.7 g
Hypervolemia is extent excess. Which of the subsequent statements are proper concerning
hypervolemia?
A: Most fluid-quantity extra is as a result of consuming toom uch water and other fluids
B: Hypervolemia can be because of infusion of too much sodium chloride intravenously.
C: Genrally, most hypervolemia is a result of retention of sodium and water in the extracellular
fluid
D: Kidney, coronary heart, or liver disease can reason hypervolemia
E: Overweight adults and newborns are the patients most liable to fluid volume excess. -
ANS-B, C
Hypovolemia is whilst a affected person loses each - ANS-fluids and electrolytes
If the affected person's blood pH is 7.47, the patient is in
A: Alkalosis
B: Acidosis
C: Hypovolemic shock
D: Tetany - ANS-A
Intravascular space consists of the _________ _________ & _________ - ANS-blood vessels,
coronary heart
Ionized calcium is wanted for which of the following frame features?
A: Delivery of glucose into the cells
B: Transmission of electrical impulses along nerve pathways
C: Normal oxygen saturations
D: Normal bowel fucntion
E: Muscle contraction and relaxation - ANS-B, E
Loss of both fluids and electrolytes - ANS-fluid volume deficit
lack of fluid simplest ensuing in increased electrolytes in closing frame fluid - ANS-dehydration
Loss of fluid best; results in an growth of electrolyte attention within the ultimate frame fluid -
ANS-Dehydration
Magnesium, _________ and potassium degrees are carefully related: When the blood degree of
1 is down, the alternative two are in all likelihood to additionally be reduced. - ANS-calcium
Most water is absorbed inside the - ANS-huge gut
Normal tiers for Calcium - ANS-eight.2-10.2 mg/dL
Normal tiers for Chloride - ANS-ninety seven-107 mEq/L
Normal ranges for Magnesium - ANS-1.6-2.2 mEq/L
Normal ranges for Phosphorus - ANS-2.Five-4.Five mg/dL
Normal stages for Potassium - ANS-three.5-five.3 mEq/L
Normal ranges for Sodium - ANS-a hundred thirty five-one hundred forty five mEq/L
Normal ranges for sodium - ANS-2500 mg
Nursing actions for Fluid Volume Imbalances include looking for __________ blood pressure,
_______ PR, _____ temperature - ANS-reduced, improved, improved
Plasma - ANS-Extracellular compartment
