Advanced Topics Exam 1 - Dysrhythmias
Dreams for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
enhance ventricular filling by means of reducing contractility and relieving LV outflow
obstruction. Tx with betablockers (metoprolol or carvedilol) and CCB (verapamil or amlodipine)
p-wave
atrial depolarization
p-r c language
atrial repolarization
q-wave
atrial depolarization
QRS complicated
ventricular depolarization
t-wave
ventricular repolarization
6 steps to analyzing an EKG
1. HR
2. HR sample
three. P-wave (0.06-0.12)
four. PRI (zero.12-zero.20)
five. QRS complex (0.06-zero.12)
6. T-wave - need to be upright
7. QT c program languageperiod - (0.34-0.43)
regular sinus rhythm
60-one hundred bpm
all complexes everyday and calmly spaced (P, QRS, T)
,sinus bradycardia
beneath 60 bpm. Ordinary rhythm, one upright, rounded p-wave for each QRS, PRI of .12 to .20
and QRS of much less than zero.12.
S/s of decreased CO
mental status changes, dyspnea, weak and thready pulse, lethargic, BP drops, cool and clammy
pores and skin, decreased UOP, chest pain
tx of sinus bradycardia
treat the motive. If showing signs and symptoms of reduced CO, notify MD and deliver atropine
0.5 mg each three-5 minutes. If nonetheless having problems after atropine, might also want
transcutaneous pacemaker
sinus tachycardia
HR above 100 bpm. Normal rhythm, one upright, rounded p-wave for every QRS, PRI of .12 to
.20 and QRS of much less than 0.12.
Reasons of sinus tachycardia
fever, dehydrated, extreme anemia, pain, hypoxia, tension, hemorrhaging, sepsis
tx of sinus tachycardia
treat the cause. Pain meds for ache. Antipyretics for fever.
Sinus arrythmia
"often irregular" - breathes in, HR goes up - breathes out, HR goes down. The rhythm is
frequently irregular. The R to R interval is abnormal throughout the 6 second strip.
Tx for sinus arrythmia
generally no tx needed but if the slow charge is not tolerated, then it wishes to be handled as if it
have been bradycardia
Premature Atrial Contraction
early beat that comes from an ectopic cognizance inside the atrial tissue earlier than the SA
node does. Pt will describe it as their coronary heart skipping a beat. HR will range, p-wave
could have a diff form, everyday PRI and QRS time.
, Causes of PAC
meds, too much caffeine, smoking, COPD, lung or heart sickness
atrial flutter
originates from unmarried ectopic attention in atria. Multiple noticed-toothed p-wave for each
QRS.
Causes of atrial flutter
HTN, valve ailment, lung sickness, cardiomyopathy, CHF
tx of atrial flutter
strong - meds to sluggish the price - diltiazem, verapamil, beta blockers, amiodarone
volatile - cardioversion
atrial fibrillation
effects from multiple ectopic foci inside the atria. P wave looks like a wavy, undulating, chaotic
line. "like a quivering bowl of jello."
headaches of afib
there aren't any effective atrial contractions and the ventricles are pumping too fast. The
quivering does now not pump out the blood correctly, which causes it to grow to be stagnant
within the atria, that may result in blood clots
tx of afib
due to the opportunity of clots, pt wishes to be on a blood thinner, specifically in the event that
they want a rhythm to be converted. Rhythm cannot be converted until clot is thinned. Notify MD
volatile: cardioversion
strong: IV or PO meds like diltiazem, metoprolol, carbatrol, verapamil, amiodarone
1st degree heart block
blockading difficulty in the AV node - maximum of the sign can not get past. The SA node
conducts the signal via the AV node, but delays the conduction, which makes the AV conduction
time extended.
PROLONGED PRI >0.20 seconds
Dreams for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
enhance ventricular filling by means of reducing contractility and relieving LV outflow
obstruction. Tx with betablockers (metoprolol or carvedilol) and CCB (verapamil or amlodipine)
p-wave
atrial depolarization
p-r c language
atrial repolarization
q-wave
atrial depolarization
QRS complicated
ventricular depolarization
t-wave
ventricular repolarization
6 steps to analyzing an EKG
1. HR
2. HR sample
three. P-wave (0.06-0.12)
four. PRI (zero.12-zero.20)
five. QRS complex (0.06-zero.12)
6. T-wave - need to be upright
7. QT c program languageperiod - (0.34-0.43)
regular sinus rhythm
60-one hundred bpm
all complexes everyday and calmly spaced (P, QRS, T)
,sinus bradycardia
beneath 60 bpm. Ordinary rhythm, one upright, rounded p-wave for each QRS, PRI of .12 to .20
and QRS of much less than zero.12.
S/s of decreased CO
mental status changes, dyspnea, weak and thready pulse, lethargic, BP drops, cool and clammy
pores and skin, decreased UOP, chest pain
tx of sinus bradycardia
treat the motive. If showing signs and symptoms of reduced CO, notify MD and deliver atropine
0.5 mg each three-5 minutes. If nonetheless having problems after atropine, might also want
transcutaneous pacemaker
sinus tachycardia
HR above 100 bpm. Normal rhythm, one upright, rounded p-wave for every QRS, PRI of .12 to
.20 and QRS of much less than 0.12.
Reasons of sinus tachycardia
fever, dehydrated, extreme anemia, pain, hypoxia, tension, hemorrhaging, sepsis
tx of sinus tachycardia
treat the cause. Pain meds for ache. Antipyretics for fever.
Sinus arrythmia
"often irregular" - breathes in, HR goes up - breathes out, HR goes down. The rhythm is
frequently irregular. The R to R interval is abnormal throughout the 6 second strip.
Tx for sinus arrythmia
generally no tx needed but if the slow charge is not tolerated, then it wishes to be handled as if it
have been bradycardia
Premature Atrial Contraction
early beat that comes from an ectopic cognizance inside the atrial tissue earlier than the SA
node does. Pt will describe it as their coronary heart skipping a beat. HR will range, p-wave
could have a diff form, everyday PRI and QRS time.
, Causes of PAC
meds, too much caffeine, smoking, COPD, lung or heart sickness
atrial flutter
originates from unmarried ectopic attention in atria. Multiple noticed-toothed p-wave for each
QRS.
Causes of atrial flutter
HTN, valve ailment, lung sickness, cardiomyopathy, CHF
tx of atrial flutter
strong - meds to sluggish the price - diltiazem, verapamil, beta blockers, amiodarone
volatile - cardioversion
atrial fibrillation
effects from multiple ectopic foci inside the atria. P wave looks like a wavy, undulating, chaotic
line. "like a quivering bowl of jello."
headaches of afib
there aren't any effective atrial contractions and the ventricles are pumping too fast. The
quivering does now not pump out the blood correctly, which causes it to grow to be stagnant
within the atria, that may result in blood clots
tx of afib
due to the opportunity of clots, pt wishes to be on a blood thinner, specifically in the event that
they want a rhythm to be converted. Rhythm cannot be converted until clot is thinned. Notify MD
volatile: cardioversion
strong: IV or PO meds like diltiazem, metoprolol, carbatrol, verapamil, amiodarone
1st degree heart block
blockading difficulty in the AV node - maximum of the sign can not get past. The SA node
conducts the signal via the AV node, but delays the conduction, which makes the AV conduction
time extended.
PROLONGED PRI >0.20 seconds
