IVCA Options for Animals Exam
Latest Expert Premium Solutions
Update (2025-2026)|Brand New
Exam Questions with 100% Correct
Answers, All Graded A+, 100%
Guaranteed Success.
What type of forces are present on the animal spine? - ANSWER✅✅Sheer Forces
Two adjacent articulating surfaces and all the tissues between them -
ANSWER✅✅Motion Unit
Where the chiropractor performs the adjustment - ANSWER✅✅Paraphysiological
space
the area known as taking motion to tension, where motion is assessed, VSC is
diagnosed, and where adjustment is performed - ANSWER✅✅Elastic Barrier
chiropractic diagnoses and adjustments are performed within -
ANSWER✅✅Normal range of motion
When adjusting animals - ANSWER✅✅Set and Hold
,Three parts of the hand that are used for adjusting large animals -
ANSWER✅✅Thenar
Pisiform
Heel of Hand
Two handed adjustments LOC come from the - ANSWER✅✅Episternal notch
Singled handed adjustments LOC come from - ANSWER✅✅Elbow
Bony borders of the spinal canal - ANSWER✅✅1) Body/Corpus
2) Pedicles (2)
3) Laminae
The canine transverse process is curved for more - ANSWER✅✅Mobility
The equine transverse process is straight for more - ANSWER✅✅Weight bearing
Primary job of ligaments - ANSWER✅✅Keep Normal Range of Motion
Annulus Fibrosis - ANSWER✅✅This portion of the disc provides stability, has outer
pain fibers, less water content, and is fibrous in textures
nucleus pulposes - ANSWER✅✅The portion of the disc is mostly water, has no
nerve or blood supply, acts like ball bearing to absorb shock, and is gelatinous in
texture
Imbibition - ANSWER✅✅How does the disc get nutrition, specifically in the nucleus
pulposes?
Foramen Magnum to L3 - ANSWER✅✅What is the spinal cord length in the equine?
Foramen Magnum to L5/L6 - ANSWER✅✅What is the spinal cord length in canine?
Foramen Magnum to sacrum - ANSWER✅✅What is the spinal cord length in feline?
Intertransverse Joint - ANSWER✅✅This joint only exists in equines and rhinos. It
provides more stability and motion.
Flexion and Extension - ANSWER✅✅What movement does the intertransverse joint
allow?
lateral flexion - ANSWER✅✅What movement does the intertransverse joint limit?
1) ligamentum flavum
2) joint capsule
3) Disc - ANSWER✅✅What are the soft borders of the IVF?
, 1) Pedicles
2) Vertebral Notches - ANSWER✅✅What are the bony borders of IVF?
Occiput
C1
C2 - ANSWER✅✅What areas in the spine do not allow for coupled motion?
pubic symphysis - ANSWER✅✅What is the primary pivot point in the pelvis?
S1 - ANSWER✅✅What segment is located in between the tuber sacrales in the
equine spine?
S2 - ANSWER✅✅What is the first palpable sacral segment of the equine?
S1 - ANSWER✅✅What is the first palpable sacral segment of canine spine?
1) Lack of supraspinous ligament
2) Last Lumbar dorsal SP is shorter
3) lumbar sp's face caudal to cranial and sacral tubercles face cranial to caudal -
ANSWER✅✅What are three anatomical variations that allow for more flexion at the
lumbosacral junction?
Stifle - ANSWER✅✅What is the true knee of the horse?
Sacrosciatic ligament - ANSWER✅✅The sacrotuberous ligament is also called
Diarthrodial joint - ANSWER✅✅The sacroiliac joint is what type of joint?
synovial - ANSWER✅✅The dorsal portion of the SI joint is
fibrous - ANSWER✅✅The ventral portion of the SI joint is
Figure 8 - ANSWER✅✅What motion does the SI joint create?
1 disc joint
2 Zygapophyseal joints
2 Intertransverse joints
5 Total articulating joints - ANSWER✅✅The lumbosacral motion unit of the equine
consists of
1 disc joint
2 Zygapophyseal joints
3 total articulating joints - ANSWER✅✅The lumbosacral motion unit of the canine
consists of
Latest Expert Premium Solutions
Update (2025-2026)|Brand New
Exam Questions with 100% Correct
Answers, All Graded A+, 100%
Guaranteed Success.
What type of forces are present on the animal spine? - ANSWER✅✅Sheer Forces
Two adjacent articulating surfaces and all the tissues between them -
ANSWER✅✅Motion Unit
Where the chiropractor performs the adjustment - ANSWER✅✅Paraphysiological
space
the area known as taking motion to tension, where motion is assessed, VSC is
diagnosed, and where adjustment is performed - ANSWER✅✅Elastic Barrier
chiropractic diagnoses and adjustments are performed within -
ANSWER✅✅Normal range of motion
When adjusting animals - ANSWER✅✅Set and Hold
,Three parts of the hand that are used for adjusting large animals -
ANSWER✅✅Thenar
Pisiform
Heel of Hand
Two handed adjustments LOC come from the - ANSWER✅✅Episternal notch
Singled handed adjustments LOC come from - ANSWER✅✅Elbow
Bony borders of the spinal canal - ANSWER✅✅1) Body/Corpus
2) Pedicles (2)
3) Laminae
The canine transverse process is curved for more - ANSWER✅✅Mobility
The equine transverse process is straight for more - ANSWER✅✅Weight bearing
Primary job of ligaments - ANSWER✅✅Keep Normal Range of Motion
Annulus Fibrosis - ANSWER✅✅This portion of the disc provides stability, has outer
pain fibers, less water content, and is fibrous in textures
nucleus pulposes - ANSWER✅✅The portion of the disc is mostly water, has no
nerve or blood supply, acts like ball bearing to absorb shock, and is gelatinous in
texture
Imbibition - ANSWER✅✅How does the disc get nutrition, specifically in the nucleus
pulposes?
Foramen Magnum to L3 - ANSWER✅✅What is the spinal cord length in the equine?
Foramen Magnum to L5/L6 - ANSWER✅✅What is the spinal cord length in canine?
Foramen Magnum to sacrum - ANSWER✅✅What is the spinal cord length in feline?
Intertransverse Joint - ANSWER✅✅This joint only exists in equines and rhinos. It
provides more stability and motion.
Flexion and Extension - ANSWER✅✅What movement does the intertransverse joint
allow?
lateral flexion - ANSWER✅✅What movement does the intertransverse joint limit?
1) ligamentum flavum
2) joint capsule
3) Disc - ANSWER✅✅What are the soft borders of the IVF?
, 1) Pedicles
2) Vertebral Notches - ANSWER✅✅What are the bony borders of IVF?
Occiput
C1
C2 - ANSWER✅✅What areas in the spine do not allow for coupled motion?
pubic symphysis - ANSWER✅✅What is the primary pivot point in the pelvis?
S1 - ANSWER✅✅What segment is located in between the tuber sacrales in the
equine spine?
S2 - ANSWER✅✅What is the first palpable sacral segment of the equine?
S1 - ANSWER✅✅What is the first palpable sacral segment of canine spine?
1) Lack of supraspinous ligament
2) Last Lumbar dorsal SP is shorter
3) lumbar sp's face caudal to cranial and sacral tubercles face cranial to caudal -
ANSWER✅✅What are three anatomical variations that allow for more flexion at the
lumbosacral junction?
Stifle - ANSWER✅✅What is the true knee of the horse?
Sacrosciatic ligament - ANSWER✅✅The sacrotuberous ligament is also called
Diarthrodial joint - ANSWER✅✅The sacroiliac joint is what type of joint?
synovial - ANSWER✅✅The dorsal portion of the SI joint is
fibrous - ANSWER✅✅The ventral portion of the SI joint is
Figure 8 - ANSWER✅✅What motion does the SI joint create?
1 disc joint
2 Zygapophyseal joints
2 Intertransverse joints
5 Total articulating joints - ANSWER✅✅The lumbosacral motion unit of the equine
consists of
1 disc joint
2 Zygapophyseal joints
3 total articulating joints - ANSWER✅✅The lumbosacral motion unit of the canine
consists of
