NUR 2063 / NUR2063: Essentials of Pathophysiology Exam 1
(Latest ) REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (100% CORRECT ANSWERS Rasmussen .
What is active transport? - ANSWER-substances move against
their concentration gradient with the help of ATP. Low to High.
How does a stage 4 ulcer present? - ANSWER-ull thickness
tissue loss with exposed bone, muscle or tendon. Nerves are
destroyed so client feels numbness in area.
How can we prevent pressure ulcers? - ANSWER-turning
patients every 2 hours who are bedridden. Appropriate nutrition
and hydration. float heels off bed, clean linens, doing
incontinence care, movement of patients, barrier cream and
wound care of places susceptible to ulcers.
How does a first degree burn present? - ANSWER-affects only
the epidermis and causes pain, erythema and edema.
Example of first degree burn - ANSWER-sunburn
,How does a second degree burn present? - ANSWER-affects the
epidermis and dermis and causes pain, erythema and blistering.
Example of second degree burn - ANSWER-sun burn that
blisters
How does a third degree burn present? - ANSWER-extends into
the deeper tissues, and cause white or blackened charred skin
that may be numb due to nerve damage or loss from the burn.
Example of third degree burn - ANSWER-charred blackened
wound from a fire
What is compartment syndrome - ANSWER-dangerous
complication of soft tissue injury that results from swelling or
injured tissue within a restrictive fascia.
Explain the pathophysiology behind compartment syndrome -
ANSWER-Edema causes increased pressure within the
compartment. The pressure reduces capillary flow and the
muscles and the nerves are ischemic and if not treated, necrosis
can occur,
,What must one do when compartment syndrome occurs? -
ANSWER-reduce pressure so blood flow can occur. usually a
fasciotomy is performed so that blood flow can occur
What are 5 P's of compartment syndrome? - ANSWER-Pain
Pallor
Paresthesia
Paralysis
Pulselessness
What is osteomyelitis? - ANSWER-severe pyogenic infection of
bone and local tissues
What can cause osteomyelitis? - ANSWER-can be caused by
burns, sinus disease, trauma, tumors, periodontal infection and
pressure ulcers, open fractures, penetration of wounds, surgical
contamination or use of metal screws
What can occur with osteomyelitis? - ANSWER-necrosis
What is osteoporosis? - ANSWER-common metabolic disease
and occurs when the rate of bone resorption is greater than
bone formation. The bones end up becoming fragile and light,
bone are porous.Can lead to short stature, muscle wasting, back
spasms and difficulty bending.
, Which group of people are most affected by osteoporosis? -
ANSWER-women age 60-80 that are caucasian.
What is osteoporosis caused by? - ANSWER-estrogen
deficiency, poor calcium intake and disuse of supplements.
How do we diagnose osteoporosis? - ANSWER-bone mineral
density scan
When does rickets occur? - ANSWER-children
When does osteomalacia occur? - ANSWER-adults
What is rickets/osteomalacia? - ANSWER-softening of the bones
due to insufficient calcium and vitamin D. defects in bone
building process
What is osteosarcoma? - ANSWER-bone tumor. Is malignant and
grows fast. Can be destructive and pain full (metastatic bone
cancer). The lesions can spread from the bone to other organs
as well. Commonly found at the pelvis, proximal ends of femur,
humorous and ribs.
(Latest ) REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (100% CORRECT ANSWERS Rasmussen .
What is active transport? - ANSWER-substances move against
their concentration gradient with the help of ATP. Low to High.
How does a stage 4 ulcer present? - ANSWER-ull thickness
tissue loss with exposed bone, muscle or tendon. Nerves are
destroyed so client feels numbness in area.
How can we prevent pressure ulcers? - ANSWER-turning
patients every 2 hours who are bedridden. Appropriate nutrition
and hydration. float heels off bed, clean linens, doing
incontinence care, movement of patients, barrier cream and
wound care of places susceptible to ulcers.
How does a first degree burn present? - ANSWER-affects only
the epidermis and causes pain, erythema and edema.
Example of first degree burn - ANSWER-sunburn
,How does a second degree burn present? - ANSWER-affects the
epidermis and dermis and causes pain, erythema and blistering.
Example of second degree burn - ANSWER-sun burn that
blisters
How does a third degree burn present? - ANSWER-extends into
the deeper tissues, and cause white or blackened charred skin
that may be numb due to nerve damage or loss from the burn.
Example of third degree burn - ANSWER-charred blackened
wound from a fire
What is compartment syndrome - ANSWER-dangerous
complication of soft tissue injury that results from swelling or
injured tissue within a restrictive fascia.
Explain the pathophysiology behind compartment syndrome -
ANSWER-Edema causes increased pressure within the
compartment. The pressure reduces capillary flow and the
muscles and the nerves are ischemic and if not treated, necrosis
can occur,
,What must one do when compartment syndrome occurs? -
ANSWER-reduce pressure so blood flow can occur. usually a
fasciotomy is performed so that blood flow can occur
What are 5 P's of compartment syndrome? - ANSWER-Pain
Pallor
Paresthesia
Paralysis
Pulselessness
What is osteomyelitis? - ANSWER-severe pyogenic infection of
bone and local tissues
What can cause osteomyelitis? - ANSWER-can be caused by
burns, sinus disease, trauma, tumors, periodontal infection and
pressure ulcers, open fractures, penetration of wounds, surgical
contamination or use of metal screws
What can occur with osteomyelitis? - ANSWER-necrosis
What is osteoporosis? - ANSWER-common metabolic disease
and occurs when the rate of bone resorption is greater than
bone formation. The bones end up becoming fragile and light,
bone are porous.Can lead to short stature, muscle wasting, back
spasms and difficulty bending.
, Which group of people are most affected by osteoporosis? -
ANSWER-women age 60-80 that are caucasian.
What is osteoporosis caused by? - ANSWER-estrogen
deficiency, poor calcium intake and disuse of supplements.
How do we diagnose osteoporosis? - ANSWER-bone mineral
density scan
When does rickets occur? - ANSWER-children
When does osteomalacia occur? - ANSWER-adults
What is rickets/osteomalacia? - ANSWER-softening of the bones
due to insufficient calcium and vitamin D. defects in bone
building process
What is osteosarcoma? - ANSWER-bone tumor. Is malignant and
grows fast. Can be destructive and pain full (metastatic bone
cancer). The lesions can spread from the bone to other organs
as well. Commonly found at the pelvis, proximal ends of femur,
humorous and ribs.
