Seeley's Chapter 8
Peripheral Nervous System(PNS) - ✔️✔️division that consists of all the nervous tissue
outside the CNS
Peripheral Nervous System(PNS) - ✔️✔️carries information about the different tissues
of the body to the CNS and carries commands from the CNS that alter body activities
Sensory or afferent division of PNS - ✔️✔️conducts action potentials from sensory
receptors to the CNS
Sensory neurons - ✔️✔️these are neurons that transmit action potentials from the
periphery to the CNS
Sensory input, integration, control of muscles and glands, mental activity, and
homeostasis. - ✔️✔️Functions of Nervous system
Brain and spinal cord - ✔️✔️Major organs for processing sensory input and initiating
responses
Central Nervous System(CNS) - ✔️✔️division that consists of the brain and spinal cord
Motor or efferent division of the PNS - ✔️✔️conducts action potentials from the CNS to
effector organs
Motor neurons - ✔️✔️neurons that transmit action potentials from the CNS toward the
periphery.
Somatic nervous system - ✔️✔️part of the motor division that transmits action
potentials from the CNS to skeletal muscles
Autonomic Nervous System - ✔️✔️transmits action potentials from the CNS to cardiac
muscle, smooth muscle, and lands
Enteric nervous system - ✔️✔️unique subdivision of the PNS that has both sensory
and motor neurons
Neurons - ✔️✔️-Receive input, process input, produce a response
-Requires oxygen and sugar
Neurons - ✔️✔️receive stimuli, conduct action potentials, and transmit signals to other
neurons
, Cell body - ✔️✔️- processes stimulus
- contains a nucleus
Dendrites - ✔️✔️receives stimulus from other neurons or sensory receptors
Axon - ✔️✔️transmits stimulus to a gland, muscle, organ, or other neuron
Axon hillock - ✔️✔️the are where the axon leaves the neuron cell body.
Myelin Sheath - ✔️✔️- fatty, protective wrapping around axons
- excellent insulator
Nodes of Ranvier - ✔️✔️gaps in myelin sheath where action potentials develop
Saltatory Conduction - ✔️✔️jumping of action potentials
Multiple Sclerosis - ✔️✔️disease of myelin sheath that causes loss of muscle function
Multipolar Neurons - ✔️✔️Neurons that have many dendrites and a single axon
Ex. CNS and most motor neurons`
Bipolar Neurons - ✔️✔️Neurons that have one dendrite and one axon
Ex. Eye and nasal cavity
Pseudo-unipolar neuron - ✔️✔️Neurons that have one axon and no dendrites
Ex. Sensory neurons
Glial cells(neuroglia) - ✔️✔️are the primary supportive cells of the PNS and CNS.
These cells do not conduct action potentials.
Astrocytes - ✔️✔️- star-shaped
- most abundant
- form blood-brain barrier
Ependymal cells - ✔️✔️-lines the fluid filled cavities
-produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Microglia - ✔️✔️-act as immune cells of CNS
-help remove bacteria and cell debris from CNS
Oligodendrocytes - ✔️✔️produce myelin sheath in CNS
Schwann cells - ✔️✔️produce myelin sheath in PNS
Peripheral Nervous System(PNS) - ✔️✔️division that consists of all the nervous tissue
outside the CNS
Peripheral Nervous System(PNS) - ✔️✔️carries information about the different tissues
of the body to the CNS and carries commands from the CNS that alter body activities
Sensory or afferent division of PNS - ✔️✔️conducts action potentials from sensory
receptors to the CNS
Sensory neurons - ✔️✔️these are neurons that transmit action potentials from the
periphery to the CNS
Sensory input, integration, control of muscles and glands, mental activity, and
homeostasis. - ✔️✔️Functions of Nervous system
Brain and spinal cord - ✔️✔️Major organs for processing sensory input and initiating
responses
Central Nervous System(CNS) - ✔️✔️division that consists of the brain and spinal cord
Motor or efferent division of the PNS - ✔️✔️conducts action potentials from the CNS to
effector organs
Motor neurons - ✔️✔️neurons that transmit action potentials from the CNS toward the
periphery.
Somatic nervous system - ✔️✔️part of the motor division that transmits action
potentials from the CNS to skeletal muscles
Autonomic Nervous System - ✔️✔️transmits action potentials from the CNS to cardiac
muscle, smooth muscle, and lands
Enteric nervous system - ✔️✔️unique subdivision of the PNS that has both sensory
and motor neurons
Neurons - ✔️✔️-Receive input, process input, produce a response
-Requires oxygen and sugar
Neurons - ✔️✔️receive stimuli, conduct action potentials, and transmit signals to other
neurons
, Cell body - ✔️✔️- processes stimulus
- contains a nucleus
Dendrites - ✔️✔️receives stimulus from other neurons or sensory receptors
Axon - ✔️✔️transmits stimulus to a gland, muscle, organ, or other neuron
Axon hillock - ✔️✔️the are where the axon leaves the neuron cell body.
Myelin Sheath - ✔️✔️- fatty, protective wrapping around axons
- excellent insulator
Nodes of Ranvier - ✔️✔️gaps in myelin sheath where action potentials develop
Saltatory Conduction - ✔️✔️jumping of action potentials
Multiple Sclerosis - ✔️✔️disease of myelin sheath that causes loss of muscle function
Multipolar Neurons - ✔️✔️Neurons that have many dendrites and a single axon
Ex. CNS and most motor neurons`
Bipolar Neurons - ✔️✔️Neurons that have one dendrite and one axon
Ex. Eye and nasal cavity
Pseudo-unipolar neuron - ✔️✔️Neurons that have one axon and no dendrites
Ex. Sensory neurons
Glial cells(neuroglia) - ✔️✔️are the primary supportive cells of the PNS and CNS.
These cells do not conduct action potentials.
Astrocytes - ✔️✔️- star-shaped
- most abundant
- form blood-brain barrier
Ependymal cells - ✔️✔️-lines the fluid filled cavities
-produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Microglia - ✔️✔️-act as immune cells of CNS
-help remove bacteria and cell debris from CNS
Oligodendrocytes - ✔️✔️produce myelin sheath in CNS
Schwann cells - ✔️✔️produce myelin sheath in PNS
