01: Introduction
i
toPathophysiology
i i
Chapter i01: iIntroduction ito
TEST BANK FOR iPathophysiologyiTest iBank
MULTIPLE iCHOICE
1. Which iof ithe ifollowing iwould ibe ithe imost ilikely icause iof ian iiatrogenic idisease?
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5TH a. An iinherited idisorder
EDITION 2024-2025
b. A icombination iof ispecific ietiological ifactors
c. An iunwanted ieffect iof ia iprescribed idrug
d. Prolonged iexposure ito itoxic ichemicals iin ithe ienvironment
ANS: iC iREF: i6
2. The imanifestations iof ia idisease iare ibest idefined ias ithe:
a. subjective ifeelings iof idiscomfort iduring ia ichronic iillness.
b. signs iand isymptoms iof ia idisease.
c. factors ithat iprecipitate ian iacute iepisode iof ia ichronic iillness.
d. early iindicators iof ithe iprodromal istage iof iinfection.
ANS: iB iREF: i6
3. The ibest idefinition iof ithe iterm iprognosis iis ithe:
a. precipitating ifactors icausing ian iacute iepisode.
b. number iof iremissions ito ibe iexpected iduring ithe icourse iof ia ichronic iillness.
,c. predicted ioutcome ior ilikelihood iof irecovery ifrom ia ispecific idisease. c. anaplasia.
d. exacerbations ioccurring iduring ichronic iillness. d. atrophy.
ANS: iC iREF: i7 ANS: iD iREF: i8
4. Which iof ithe ifollowing iis iconsidered ia isystemic isign iof idisease? 7. A ichange iin ia itissue imarked iby icells ithat ivary iin isize iand ishape iand ishow iincreased imitotic
ifiguresiwould ibe icalled:
a. Swelling iof ithe iknee
a. metaplasia.
b. Fever
b. atrophy.
c. Pain iin ithe ineck
c. dysplasia.
d. Red irash ion ithe iface
d. hypertrophy.
ANS: iB iREF: i6
ANS: iC iREF: i8
5. Etiology iis idefined ias ithe istudy iof ithe:
8. A ideficit iof ioxygen iin ithe icells iusually idue ito irespiratory ior icirculatory iproblems iis icalled:
a. causes iof ia idisease.
a. apoptosis.
b. course iof ia idisease.
b. ischemia.
c. expected icomplications iof ia idisease.
c. hypertrophy.
d. manifestations iof ia idisease.
d. necrosis.
ANS: iA iREF: i5
ANS: iB iREF: i9
6. A itype iof icellular iadaptation iin iwhich ithere iis ia idecrease iin icell isize iis ireferred ito ias:
9. When ia igroup iof icells iin ithe ibody idies, ithe ichange iis icalled:
a. hypertrophy.
a. ischemia.
b. metaplasia.
b. gangrene.
, ii
c. hypoxia. c. Liquefaction iof inecrotic itissue
d. necrosis. d. Preprogrammed icell iself-destruction
ANS: iD iREF: i10 ANS: iD iREF: i9
10. Rigorous iweight ilifting/body ibuilding iregimens imay iresult iin ithe iskeletal imuscle 13. Which iof ithe ifollowing istatements iis iTRUE?
icellsiundergoing:
a. Alteration iof iDNA idoes inot ichange icell ifunction.
a. hypertrophy.
b. Damaged icells imay ibe iable ito irepair ithemselves.
b. dysplasia.
c. All itypes iof icells idie iat ithe isame irate.
c. atrophy.
d. Mild iischemia icauses iimmediate icell ideath.
d. regeneration.
ANS: iB iREF: i10
ANS: iA iREF: i8
14. Caseation inecrosis irefers ito ian iarea iwhere:
11. The iterm icancer irefers ito:
a. cell iproteins ihave ibeen idenatured.
a. dysplasia.
b. cell iare iliquefied iby ienzymes.
b. hyperplasia.
c. dead icells iform ia ithick icheesy isubstance.
c. metaplasia.
d. bacterial iinvasion ihas ioccurred.
d. malignant ineoplasm.
ANS: iC iREF: i10
ANS: iD iREF: i9
15. Routine iapplication iof isun iblock ito iskin iwould ibe ian iexample iof:
12. To iwhich iof ithe ifollowing idoes ithe iterm iapoptosis irefer?
a. an iiatrogenic icause iof icancer.
a. Increased irate iof imitosis iby icertain icells
b. a ipreventive imeasure.
b. Ischemic idamage ito icells
Downloaded iby: iAriah i|
Distribution iof ithis idocument iis iillegal
, ii ii
c. a iprecipitating ifactor. c. Manifestations
d. a ipredisposing icondition. d. Complication
ANS: iB iREF: i6 ANS: iD iREF: i7
16. A icircumstance ithat icauses ia isudden iacute iepisode iof ia ichronic idisease ito ioccur iis itermed: 19. Pathophysiology iinvolves ithe istudy iof:
a. latent istage. a. the istructure iof ithe ihuman ibody.
b. predisposing ifactor. b. the ifunctions iof ivarious iorgans iin ithe ibody.
c. incidence. c. functional ior istructural ichanges iresulting ifrom idisease iprocesses.
d. precipitating ifactor. d. various icell istructures iand irelated ifunctions.
ANS: iD iREF: i7 ANS: iC iREF: i2
17. The iterm ihomeostasis irefers ito: 20. Which iof ithe ifollowing iis ithe ibest idefinition iof iepidemiology?
a. the icausative ifactors iin ia iparticular idisease. a. The iscience iof itracking ithe ioccurrence iand idistribution iof idiseases
b. maintenance iof ia istable iinternal ienvironment. b. The irelative inumber iof ideaths iresulting ifrom ia iparticular idisease
c. a icondition ithat itriggers ian iacute iepisode. c. Identification iof ia ispecific idisease ithrough ievaluation iof isigns iand isymptoms
d. a icollection iof isigns iand isymptoms. d. The iglobal isearch ifor iemerging idiseases
ANS: iB iREF: i2 ANS: iA iREF: i7
18. Which iterm iis iused ito idescribe ia inew iand isecondary ior iadditional iproblem ithat iarises iafter 21. Which iof ithe ifollowing ican icause icell iinjury ior ideath?
itheioriginal idisease ihas ibeen iestablished?
1. Hypoxia
a. Symptoms
2. Exposure ito iexcessive icold
b. Occurrence 3. Excessive ipressure ion ia itissue
i
toPathophysiology
i i
Chapter i01: iIntroduction ito
TEST BANK FOR iPathophysiologyiTest iBank
MULTIPLE iCHOICE
1. Which iof ithe ifollowing iwould ibe ithe imost ilikely icause iof ian iiatrogenic idisease?
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5TH a. An iinherited idisorder
EDITION 2024-2025
b. A icombination iof ispecific ietiological ifactors
c. An iunwanted ieffect iof ia iprescribed idrug
d. Prolonged iexposure ito itoxic ichemicals iin ithe ienvironment
ANS: iC iREF: i6
2. The imanifestations iof ia idisease iare ibest idefined ias ithe:
a. subjective ifeelings iof idiscomfort iduring ia ichronic iillness.
b. signs iand isymptoms iof ia idisease.
c. factors ithat iprecipitate ian iacute iepisode iof ia ichronic iillness.
d. early iindicators iof ithe iprodromal istage iof iinfection.
ANS: iB iREF: i6
3. The ibest idefinition iof ithe iterm iprognosis iis ithe:
a. precipitating ifactors icausing ian iacute iepisode.
b. number iof iremissions ito ibe iexpected iduring ithe icourse iof ia ichronic iillness.
,c. predicted ioutcome ior ilikelihood iof irecovery ifrom ia ispecific idisease. c. anaplasia.
d. exacerbations ioccurring iduring ichronic iillness. d. atrophy.
ANS: iC iREF: i7 ANS: iD iREF: i8
4. Which iof ithe ifollowing iis iconsidered ia isystemic isign iof idisease? 7. A ichange iin ia itissue imarked iby icells ithat ivary iin isize iand ishape iand ishow iincreased imitotic
ifiguresiwould ibe icalled:
a. Swelling iof ithe iknee
a. metaplasia.
b. Fever
b. atrophy.
c. Pain iin ithe ineck
c. dysplasia.
d. Red irash ion ithe iface
d. hypertrophy.
ANS: iB iREF: i6
ANS: iC iREF: i8
5. Etiology iis idefined ias ithe istudy iof ithe:
8. A ideficit iof ioxygen iin ithe icells iusually idue ito irespiratory ior icirculatory iproblems iis icalled:
a. causes iof ia idisease.
a. apoptosis.
b. course iof ia idisease.
b. ischemia.
c. expected icomplications iof ia idisease.
c. hypertrophy.
d. manifestations iof ia idisease.
d. necrosis.
ANS: iA iREF: i5
ANS: iB iREF: i9
6. A itype iof icellular iadaptation iin iwhich ithere iis ia idecrease iin icell isize iis ireferred ito ias:
9. When ia igroup iof icells iin ithe ibody idies, ithe ichange iis icalled:
a. hypertrophy.
a. ischemia.
b. metaplasia.
b. gangrene.
, ii
c. hypoxia. c. Liquefaction iof inecrotic itissue
d. necrosis. d. Preprogrammed icell iself-destruction
ANS: iD iREF: i10 ANS: iD iREF: i9
10. Rigorous iweight ilifting/body ibuilding iregimens imay iresult iin ithe iskeletal imuscle 13. Which iof ithe ifollowing istatements iis iTRUE?
icellsiundergoing:
a. Alteration iof iDNA idoes inot ichange icell ifunction.
a. hypertrophy.
b. Damaged icells imay ibe iable ito irepair ithemselves.
b. dysplasia.
c. All itypes iof icells idie iat ithe isame irate.
c. atrophy.
d. Mild iischemia icauses iimmediate icell ideath.
d. regeneration.
ANS: iB iREF: i10
ANS: iA iREF: i8
14. Caseation inecrosis irefers ito ian iarea iwhere:
11. The iterm icancer irefers ito:
a. cell iproteins ihave ibeen idenatured.
a. dysplasia.
b. cell iare iliquefied iby ienzymes.
b. hyperplasia.
c. dead icells iform ia ithick icheesy isubstance.
c. metaplasia.
d. bacterial iinvasion ihas ioccurred.
d. malignant ineoplasm.
ANS: iC iREF: i10
ANS: iD iREF: i9
15. Routine iapplication iof isun iblock ito iskin iwould ibe ian iexample iof:
12. To iwhich iof ithe ifollowing idoes ithe iterm iapoptosis irefer?
a. an iiatrogenic icause iof icancer.
a. Increased irate iof imitosis iby icertain icells
b. a ipreventive imeasure.
b. Ischemic idamage ito icells
Downloaded iby: iAriah i|
Distribution iof ithis idocument iis iillegal
, ii ii
c. a iprecipitating ifactor. c. Manifestations
d. a ipredisposing icondition. d. Complication
ANS: iB iREF: i6 ANS: iD iREF: i7
16. A icircumstance ithat icauses ia isudden iacute iepisode iof ia ichronic idisease ito ioccur iis itermed: 19. Pathophysiology iinvolves ithe istudy iof:
a. latent istage. a. the istructure iof ithe ihuman ibody.
b. predisposing ifactor. b. the ifunctions iof ivarious iorgans iin ithe ibody.
c. incidence. c. functional ior istructural ichanges iresulting ifrom idisease iprocesses.
d. precipitating ifactor. d. various icell istructures iand irelated ifunctions.
ANS: iD iREF: i7 ANS: iC iREF: i2
17. The iterm ihomeostasis irefers ito: 20. Which iof ithe ifollowing iis ithe ibest idefinition iof iepidemiology?
a. the icausative ifactors iin ia iparticular idisease. a. The iscience iof itracking ithe ioccurrence iand idistribution iof idiseases
b. maintenance iof ia istable iinternal ienvironment. b. The irelative inumber iof ideaths iresulting ifrom ia iparticular idisease
c. a icondition ithat itriggers ian iacute iepisode. c. Identification iof ia ispecific idisease ithrough ievaluation iof isigns iand isymptoms
d. a icollection iof isigns iand isymptoms. d. The iglobal isearch ifor iemerging idiseases
ANS: iB iREF: i2 ANS: iA iREF: i7
18. Which iterm iis iused ito idescribe ia inew iand isecondary ior iadditional iproblem ithat iarises iafter 21. Which iof ithe ifollowing ican icause icell iinjury ior ideath?
itheioriginal idisease ihas ibeen iestablished?
1. Hypoxia
a. Symptoms
2. Exposure ito iexcessive icold
b. Occurrence 3. Excessive ipressure ion ia itissue
