Pharmacology Exam 1 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
pharmacokinetics - CORRECT ANSWER - relationship between drug dosage and
concentration in plasma over time, determines onset, duration, and intensity of drug
pharmacodynamics - CORRECT ANSWER - relationship between drug concentration
over time and therapeutic response
chemical specificity for receptors - CORRECT ANSWER - specificity between receptors
and bonds, EX strict structural requirements for binding
receptor saturability - CORRECT ANSWER - only a finite number of receptors that can be
occupied
receptor affinity - CORRECT ANSWER - measure of attraction between drug and receptor
drug potency - CORRECT ANSWER - dose required to have certain effect, related to
affinity of receptor
ED50 - CORRECT ANSWER - dose which produces 50% of maximum effect, used to
compare drugs in terms of potency
drug efficacy - CORRECT ANSWER - maximal effect achievable for a drug, related to
number of receptor/complexes formed, intrinsic activity of drug in activating receptor
full agonist - CORRECT ANSWER - affinity to, and full activator, of receptor (high
intrinsic activity/efficacy), increases activity above basal level of receptor where receptor has a
constitutive (intrinsic basal) level of activity in the absence of a ligand
, inverse agonist - CORRECT ANSWER - affinity to, and full activator of receptor (high
intrinsic activity/efficacy), but has exact opposite effect of full agonist (metoprolol), decreases
activity below basal level of receptor where receptor has a constitutive (intrinsic basal) level of
activity in the absence of a ligand
partial agonist - CORRECT ANSWER - affinity to receptor but only partially activates a
receptor, produces less than the ceiling effect of a full agonist
pure antagonist - CORRECT ANSWER - affinity to receptor but produces no activation,
dose curve is a straight line across the bottom of an XY graph (EX oraverse vasodilates,
overcoming the vasocontriction of the LA)
neutral antgonist - CORRECT ANSWER - has no activity in the absence of an agonist or
inverse agonist but can block either's activity
competitive antagonist - CORRECT ANSWER - lacks efficacy, competes with agonists for
binding sites, inhibitory effect can be overcome by increasing concentration of competing
agonist
every drug produces a variety of effects, we hope we can get separation from things we want and
adverse side effects, this is different for every patient - CORRECT ANSWER -
know the second slide on page 10 of principles of drugs - CORRECT ANSWER - which
drugs is most potent, least potenet, most efficient and least efficient
physiological antagonism - CORRECT ANSWER - stimulates competing/opposite
physiological responses which counteract the effects of a therapeutic drug, the inhibitory effect
can *NOT* be overcome by increasing the agonist dosage (EX epi is used during anaphylaxis to
produce physiological responses instead of an antihistamine which is only a competing
antagonist)
exam will ask you to explain interactions between drugs in reference to physiological
antagonism that were explained in lectures - CORRECT ANSWER -
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
pharmacokinetics - CORRECT ANSWER - relationship between drug dosage and
concentration in plasma over time, determines onset, duration, and intensity of drug
pharmacodynamics - CORRECT ANSWER - relationship between drug concentration
over time and therapeutic response
chemical specificity for receptors - CORRECT ANSWER - specificity between receptors
and bonds, EX strict structural requirements for binding
receptor saturability - CORRECT ANSWER - only a finite number of receptors that can be
occupied
receptor affinity - CORRECT ANSWER - measure of attraction between drug and receptor
drug potency - CORRECT ANSWER - dose required to have certain effect, related to
affinity of receptor
ED50 - CORRECT ANSWER - dose which produces 50% of maximum effect, used to
compare drugs in terms of potency
drug efficacy - CORRECT ANSWER - maximal effect achievable for a drug, related to
number of receptor/complexes formed, intrinsic activity of drug in activating receptor
full agonist - CORRECT ANSWER - affinity to, and full activator, of receptor (high
intrinsic activity/efficacy), increases activity above basal level of receptor where receptor has a
constitutive (intrinsic basal) level of activity in the absence of a ligand
, inverse agonist - CORRECT ANSWER - affinity to, and full activator of receptor (high
intrinsic activity/efficacy), but has exact opposite effect of full agonist (metoprolol), decreases
activity below basal level of receptor where receptor has a constitutive (intrinsic basal) level of
activity in the absence of a ligand
partial agonist - CORRECT ANSWER - affinity to receptor but only partially activates a
receptor, produces less than the ceiling effect of a full agonist
pure antagonist - CORRECT ANSWER - affinity to receptor but produces no activation,
dose curve is a straight line across the bottom of an XY graph (EX oraverse vasodilates,
overcoming the vasocontriction of the LA)
neutral antgonist - CORRECT ANSWER - has no activity in the absence of an agonist or
inverse agonist but can block either's activity
competitive antagonist - CORRECT ANSWER - lacks efficacy, competes with agonists for
binding sites, inhibitory effect can be overcome by increasing concentration of competing
agonist
every drug produces a variety of effects, we hope we can get separation from things we want and
adverse side effects, this is different for every patient - CORRECT ANSWER -
know the second slide on page 10 of principles of drugs - CORRECT ANSWER - which
drugs is most potent, least potenet, most efficient and least efficient
physiological antagonism - CORRECT ANSWER - stimulates competing/opposite
physiological responses which counteract the effects of a therapeutic drug, the inhibitory effect
can *NOT* be overcome by increasing the agonist dosage (EX epi is used during anaphylaxis to
produce physiological responses instead of an antihistamine which is only a competing
antagonist)
exam will ask you to explain interactions between drugs in reference to physiological
antagonism that were explained in lectures - CORRECT ANSWER -
