Medical Surgical - Finals
Medical Surgical – Finals Exam
Questions with Verified Answers 2025
Angela, a clinical instructor is conducting a lecture about chemotherapy. Which of the
following statements is correct about the rate of cell growth in relation to chemotherapy?
A. Faster growing cells are more susceptible to chemotherapy
B. Faster growing cells are less susceptible to chemotherapy
C. Slower growing cells are more susceptible to chemotherapy
D. Non-dividing cells are more susceptible to chemotherapy -Correct Answer ✔A.
Faster growing cells are more susceptible to chemotherapy
A 40-year-old male diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia finished his first cycle of
chemotherapy. Which of the following statements by the nurse is wrong?
A. "You can eat soft cheeses from pasteurized milk"
B. "You can enjoy the turkey on the day of thanksgiving party"
C. "Try eating sashimi in one of the famous Japanese restaurants around the city"
D. " A medium well steak is a good idea of a sumptuous meal" -Correct Answer ✔C.
"Try eating sashimi in one of the famous Japanese restaurants around the city"
A client with leukemia has neutropenia. Which of the following functions must be
frequently assessed?
A. Heart sounds
B. Bowel sounds
C. Breath sounds
D. Blood pressure -Correct Answer ✔C. Breath sounds
Which of the following clients is most at risk for developing multiple myeloma?
A. A 60-year-old African-American man
B. A 52-year-old Hispanic woman
C. A 35-year-old White man
D. A 25-year-old Asian woman -Correct Answer ✔A. A 60-year-old African-American
man
Giving instructions for breast self-examination is particularly important for clients with
which of the following medical problems?
A. Ovarian cancer
B. Endometrial polyps
C. Cervical dysplasia
D. A dermoid cyst -Correct Answer ✔A. Ovarian cancer
Medical Surgical - Finals
,Medical Surgical - Finals
During a routine physical examination, a firm mass is palpated in the right breast of a
35-year-old woman. Which of the following findings or client history would suggest
cancer of the breast as opposed to fibrocystic disease?
A. Increased vascularity of the breast
B. History of anovulatory cycles
C. Cyclic changes in mass size
D. History of early menarche -Correct Answer ✔A. Increased vascularity of the breast
Warning signs and symptoms of lung cancer include persistent cough, bloody sputum,
dyspnea, and which of the other following symptoms?
A. Generalized weakness
B. Recurrent pleural effusion
C. Dizziness
D. Hypotension -Correct Answer ✔B. Recurrent pleural effusion
A centrally located tumor would produce which of the following symptoms?
A. Shoulder pain
B. Pleuritic pain
C. Coughing
D. Hemoptysis -Correct Answer ✔C. Coughing
The client with a benign lung tumor is treated in which of the following ways?
A. The tumor is removed, involving the least possible amount of tissue
B. The tumor is left alone unless symptoms are present
C. The tumor is treated with radiation only
D. The tumor is treated with chemotherapy only -Correct Answer ✔A. The tumor is
removed, involving the least possible amount of tissue
What are the three most important prognostic factors in determining long-term survival
for children with acute leukemia?
A. Histologic type of disease, initial WBC count, and client's age at diagnosis
B. Progression of illness, WBC at the time of diagnosis, and client's age at the time of
diagnosis
C. Histologic type of disease, initial platelet count, and type of treatment
D. Type of treatment and client's sex -Correct Answer ✔A. Histologic type of disease,
initial WBC count, and client's age at diagnosis
Which of the following complications are three main consequences of leukemia?
A. Anemia, infection, and bleeding tendencies
B. Bone deformities, spherocytosis, and infection
Medical Surgical - Finals
, Medical Surgical - Finals
C. Polycythemia, decreased clotting time, and infection
D. Lymphocytopoiesis, growth delays, and hirsutism -Correct Answer ✔A. Anemia,
infection, and bleeding tendencies
Joseph who had a history of long-term smoking and alcoholism is diagnosed with
oropharyngeal cancer. He is admitted into the chemo unit for the initiation of
chemotherapy. Which of the following tests is performed before the infusion of
chemotherapeutic agents?
A. Complete blood count (CBC)
B. Peripheral blood smear
C. Lumbar puncture
D. Liver function test -Correct Answer ✔D. Liver function test
The client with cancer is receiving chemotherapy and develops thrombocytopenia. The
nurse identifies which intervention is the highest priority in the nursing plan of care?
A. Monitoring temperature
B. Monitoring for pathological factors
C. Ambulation three times a day
D. Monitoring the platelet count -Correct Answer ✔D. Monitoring the platelet count
The nurse is instructing the client to perform a testicular self-examination. The nurse
tells the client:
A. That testicular examination should be done at least every 6 months
B. To gently feel the testicle with one finger to feel for a growth
C. To examine the testicles while lying down
D. The best time for the examination is after a shower -Correct Answer ✔D. The best
time for the examination is after a shower
Nurse Donald is caring for a client following a modified radical mastectomy. Which
assessment finding would indicate that the client is experiencing a complication related
to this surgery?
A. Pain at the incisional site
B. Complaints of decreased sensation near the operative site
C. Arm edema on the operative side
D. Sanguineous drainage in the Jackson-Pratt drain -Correct Answer ✔C. Arm edema
on the operative side
The nurse is teaching a 17-year old client and the client's family about what to expect
with high-dose chemotherapy and the effects of neutropenia. What should the nurse
teach as the most reliable early indicator of infection in a neutropenic client?
A. Dyspnea
Medical Surgical - Finals
Medical Surgical – Finals Exam
Questions with Verified Answers 2025
Angela, a clinical instructor is conducting a lecture about chemotherapy. Which of the
following statements is correct about the rate of cell growth in relation to chemotherapy?
A. Faster growing cells are more susceptible to chemotherapy
B. Faster growing cells are less susceptible to chemotherapy
C. Slower growing cells are more susceptible to chemotherapy
D. Non-dividing cells are more susceptible to chemotherapy -Correct Answer ✔A.
Faster growing cells are more susceptible to chemotherapy
A 40-year-old male diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia finished his first cycle of
chemotherapy. Which of the following statements by the nurse is wrong?
A. "You can eat soft cheeses from pasteurized milk"
B. "You can enjoy the turkey on the day of thanksgiving party"
C. "Try eating sashimi in one of the famous Japanese restaurants around the city"
D. " A medium well steak is a good idea of a sumptuous meal" -Correct Answer ✔C.
"Try eating sashimi in one of the famous Japanese restaurants around the city"
A client with leukemia has neutropenia. Which of the following functions must be
frequently assessed?
A. Heart sounds
B. Bowel sounds
C. Breath sounds
D. Blood pressure -Correct Answer ✔C. Breath sounds
Which of the following clients is most at risk for developing multiple myeloma?
A. A 60-year-old African-American man
B. A 52-year-old Hispanic woman
C. A 35-year-old White man
D. A 25-year-old Asian woman -Correct Answer ✔A. A 60-year-old African-American
man
Giving instructions for breast self-examination is particularly important for clients with
which of the following medical problems?
A. Ovarian cancer
B. Endometrial polyps
C. Cervical dysplasia
D. A dermoid cyst -Correct Answer ✔A. Ovarian cancer
Medical Surgical - Finals
,Medical Surgical - Finals
During a routine physical examination, a firm mass is palpated in the right breast of a
35-year-old woman. Which of the following findings or client history would suggest
cancer of the breast as opposed to fibrocystic disease?
A. Increased vascularity of the breast
B. History of anovulatory cycles
C. Cyclic changes in mass size
D. History of early menarche -Correct Answer ✔A. Increased vascularity of the breast
Warning signs and symptoms of lung cancer include persistent cough, bloody sputum,
dyspnea, and which of the other following symptoms?
A. Generalized weakness
B. Recurrent pleural effusion
C. Dizziness
D. Hypotension -Correct Answer ✔B. Recurrent pleural effusion
A centrally located tumor would produce which of the following symptoms?
A. Shoulder pain
B. Pleuritic pain
C. Coughing
D. Hemoptysis -Correct Answer ✔C. Coughing
The client with a benign lung tumor is treated in which of the following ways?
A. The tumor is removed, involving the least possible amount of tissue
B. The tumor is left alone unless symptoms are present
C. The tumor is treated with radiation only
D. The tumor is treated with chemotherapy only -Correct Answer ✔A. The tumor is
removed, involving the least possible amount of tissue
What are the three most important prognostic factors in determining long-term survival
for children with acute leukemia?
A. Histologic type of disease, initial WBC count, and client's age at diagnosis
B. Progression of illness, WBC at the time of diagnosis, and client's age at the time of
diagnosis
C. Histologic type of disease, initial platelet count, and type of treatment
D. Type of treatment and client's sex -Correct Answer ✔A. Histologic type of disease,
initial WBC count, and client's age at diagnosis
Which of the following complications are three main consequences of leukemia?
A. Anemia, infection, and bleeding tendencies
B. Bone deformities, spherocytosis, and infection
Medical Surgical - Finals
, Medical Surgical - Finals
C. Polycythemia, decreased clotting time, and infection
D. Lymphocytopoiesis, growth delays, and hirsutism -Correct Answer ✔A. Anemia,
infection, and bleeding tendencies
Joseph who had a history of long-term smoking and alcoholism is diagnosed with
oropharyngeal cancer. He is admitted into the chemo unit for the initiation of
chemotherapy. Which of the following tests is performed before the infusion of
chemotherapeutic agents?
A. Complete blood count (CBC)
B. Peripheral blood smear
C. Lumbar puncture
D. Liver function test -Correct Answer ✔D. Liver function test
The client with cancer is receiving chemotherapy and develops thrombocytopenia. The
nurse identifies which intervention is the highest priority in the nursing plan of care?
A. Monitoring temperature
B. Monitoring for pathological factors
C. Ambulation three times a day
D. Monitoring the platelet count -Correct Answer ✔D. Monitoring the platelet count
The nurse is instructing the client to perform a testicular self-examination. The nurse
tells the client:
A. That testicular examination should be done at least every 6 months
B. To gently feel the testicle with one finger to feel for a growth
C. To examine the testicles while lying down
D. The best time for the examination is after a shower -Correct Answer ✔D. The best
time for the examination is after a shower
Nurse Donald is caring for a client following a modified radical mastectomy. Which
assessment finding would indicate that the client is experiencing a complication related
to this surgery?
A. Pain at the incisional site
B. Complaints of decreased sensation near the operative site
C. Arm edema on the operative side
D. Sanguineous drainage in the Jackson-Pratt drain -Correct Answer ✔C. Arm edema
on the operative side
The nurse is teaching a 17-year old client and the client's family about what to expect
with high-dose chemotherapy and the effects of neutropenia. What should the nurse
teach as the most reliable early indicator of infection in a neutropenic client?
A. Dyspnea
Medical Surgical - Finals
