CLTM STUDY QUESTIONS 2025 |
GUARANTEED ACTUAL ACCURATE
ANSWERS
BAEP / R - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Brainstem auditory evoked
potential / response
-Diagnosis for cerbellopontine angle tumors, mutliple sclerosis,
brainstem lesions, metabolic and toxic encephalopathies,brain death, and
early prediction of outcome in postraumatic coma,
Kindling - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Development of epileptic
seizures (in rats) that results from repeated focal stimulation and leads to
the development of a predisposition to epileptiform convulsions. Similar
to a log will not burn unless it's kindled.
Mirror Focus Phenomenon - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Concept that
an actively discharging epileptiform region may induce paroxymal
behavior in a homologous site. Related to the kindling phenomena that
occur through interhemispheric callosal or commissural connections. It
means that secondary epileptogenic foci develop in the contralateral
hemispheric by the corpus collusum
Aura - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Initial sensation(s) of a seizure that
the patient is aware of in the absence of observable signs. Provides
,localizing information in some cases. Precedes temporal lobe seizures in
many cases
The Principle of Beneficence - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ An ethical
principle that addresses the idea that a medical professional's actions
should promote good by having the welfare of the patient as a goal of
any treatment. Actions should weigh possible benefits to risks and
prevent and remove harm in any situation and should advocate for high
standards for the greater good.
QEEG - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Type of EEG that allows
visualization of up to several hours of EEG data in a single screen
display. Commonly referred to as a trend analysis. This type of EEG
trending for seizure detection is based on amplitude, frequency,
rhythmicity and degree of asymmetry.
Coup - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Closed head injury / whiplash. The
injury is when brain are damage is on the same side as the external force
of the injury
Contra Coup - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Brain injury is contralateral
to the external force of injury. The brain moves away from the external
object along with the head, but the brain eventually impacts the side of
the skull, causing damage
,A deficit in one visual field indicates a lesion in the: - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ Contralateral occipital lobe (or optic pathway posterior
to the optic chiasm
According to guideline 12, the clinical indications for ambulatory
continuous EEG recordings - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Appropriate
for documentation and quantification of ictal (clinical and subclinical)
and interictal EEG features and assessment of their relationship to
reported behavior. It is also applicable in an inpatient setting,
particularly when characterization of EEG features as is required in
presurgical evaluation
Loss of pupillary reflexes indicates: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Loss
of brainstem fuction
Occulocephalic reflex testing: In a comatose patient, when the head is
rotated to the side and the eyes do not follow the head movement, but
lag or remain as if fixed on an object. This indicates: - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ The reflex is positive, brainstem function is present
Oculocephalic reflex testing: In a comatose patient, when the head is
rotated to the side and the eyes stay in the same position relative to the
head as they would in a conscious patient. This indicates: - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ The reflex is absent, brainstem function is impaired
, Cold caloric testing: Cold water squirted into the ear canal produces a
beating nystagmus toward the stimulated ear. This indicates: -
ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ The reflex is positive, brainstem function
(pons, medulla) is present
Cold caloric testing: Cold water squirted into the ear canal produces no
eye movement. This indicates: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ The
reflex is absent, brainstem function (pon, medulla) is impaired
The babinski sign or plantar response consists of: - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ Upgoing big toe and/or fanning of all toes when the
sole of the foot is stroked with a blunt object from heel towards toes
To be considered oriented x3, what questions does the patient need to be
able to answer - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Who they are, where they
are, and the current date
4 aspects of the neurological exam that help to determine brain death: -
ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ 1. Pupillary reflexes (fixed and dilated), 2.
Cold caloric testing (Absent) 3. Oculocephalic reflexes (absent) 4.
Response to painful stimuli (absent, not counting spinal reflexes)
In decerebrate posturing, the arms will: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
Stiffen and extend at the patient's side, wrists will flex
GUARANTEED ACTUAL ACCURATE
ANSWERS
BAEP / R - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Brainstem auditory evoked
potential / response
-Diagnosis for cerbellopontine angle tumors, mutliple sclerosis,
brainstem lesions, metabolic and toxic encephalopathies,brain death, and
early prediction of outcome in postraumatic coma,
Kindling - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Development of epileptic
seizures (in rats) that results from repeated focal stimulation and leads to
the development of a predisposition to epileptiform convulsions. Similar
to a log will not burn unless it's kindled.
Mirror Focus Phenomenon - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Concept that
an actively discharging epileptiform region may induce paroxymal
behavior in a homologous site. Related to the kindling phenomena that
occur through interhemispheric callosal or commissural connections. It
means that secondary epileptogenic foci develop in the contralateral
hemispheric by the corpus collusum
Aura - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Initial sensation(s) of a seizure that
the patient is aware of in the absence of observable signs. Provides
,localizing information in some cases. Precedes temporal lobe seizures in
many cases
The Principle of Beneficence - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ An ethical
principle that addresses the idea that a medical professional's actions
should promote good by having the welfare of the patient as a goal of
any treatment. Actions should weigh possible benefits to risks and
prevent and remove harm in any situation and should advocate for high
standards for the greater good.
QEEG - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Type of EEG that allows
visualization of up to several hours of EEG data in a single screen
display. Commonly referred to as a trend analysis. This type of EEG
trending for seizure detection is based on amplitude, frequency,
rhythmicity and degree of asymmetry.
Coup - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Closed head injury / whiplash. The
injury is when brain are damage is on the same side as the external force
of the injury
Contra Coup - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Brain injury is contralateral
to the external force of injury. The brain moves away from the external
object along with the head, but the brain eventually impacts the side of
the skull, causing damage
,A deficit in one visual field indicates a lesion in the: - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ Contralateral occipital lobe (or optic pathway posterior
to the optic chiasm
According to guideline 12, the clinical indications for ambulatory
continuous EEG recordings - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Appropriate
for documentation and quantification of ictal (clinical and subclinical)
and interictal EEG features and assessment of their relationship to
reported behavior. It is also applicable in an inpatient setting,
particularly when characterization of EEG features as is required in
presurgical evaluation
Loss of pupillary reflexes indicates: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Loss
of brainstem fuction
Occulocephalic reflex testing: In a comatose patient, when the head is
rotated to the side and the eyes do not follow the head movement, but
lag or remain as if fixed on an object. This indicates: - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ The reflex is positive, brainstem function is present
Oculocephalic reflex testing: In a comatose patient, when the head is
rotated to the side and the eyes stay in the same position relative to the
head as they would in a conscious patient. This indicates: - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ The reflex is absent, brainstem function is impaired
, Cold caloric testing: Cold water squirted into the ear canal produces a
beating nystagmus toward the stimulated ear. This indicates: -
ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ The reflex is positive, brainstem function
(pons, medulla) is present
Cold caloric testing: Cold water squirted into the ear canal produces no
eye movement. This indicates: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ The
reflex is absent, brainstem function (pon, medulla) is impaired
The babinski sign or plantar response consists of: - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ Upgoing big toe and/or fanning of all toes when the
sole of the foot is stroked with a blunt object from heel towards toes
To be considered oriented x3, what questions does the patient need to be
able to answer - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Who they are, where they
are, and the current date
4 aspects of the neurological exam that help to determine brain death: -
ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ 1. Pupillary reflexes (fixed and dilated), 2.
Cold caloric testing (Absent) 3. Oculocephalic reflexes (absent) 4.
Response to painful stimuli (absent, not counting spinal reflexes)
In decerebrate posturing, the arms will: - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
Stiffen and extend at the patient's side, wrists will flex
