NUR 110 GI 2 Notes
Oral Disorders
- Primary focus of mouth care is to lessen the amount of bacterial film that accumulated
on teeth, around gums, in saliva
- Brush teeth w/ soft brush 2x daily & hold at 45 degree angle, floss 1x daily, use anti
plaque mouth rinse, visit dentist q 6 mo., avoid alcohol/tobacco products, avoid sweets,
replace toothbrush q 2 mo.
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
- Originate in joint capsule/involve muscle tissue that surrounds joint support
Clinical Manifestations
- Pain w/ mastication/ pain in joint are common for TMJ
- Restricted jaw motion & locking of jaw
- clicking/grating noise & chewing & swallowing may be difficult
- MRI, XR, arthrogram may be performed
Medical Management
- Nonsurgical: occlusal guards are used w/ stress management to prevent further
deterioration of tooth surface & irritation of joint (ROM exercise w/ pain management
meds)
- Intraoral orthotics worn to reposition condyle head in joint space to normal,
relieves stress & pressure of joint on tissues
- Surgical: Rigid palate fixation is insertion of metal plates & screws into bone to stabilize
bone
- Wiring jaw shut for multiple weeks is used in case of jaw fracture & bone grafting
can be used to replace structural defects
Nursing Management
- No chewing food for 1-4 weeks postop, liquid diet recommended w/ diet counseling
- Pt should have wire cutters/scissors to release jaw if pt is vomiting
- Pt & family are instructed on how to cut the wires for d/c
- Rigid fixation remind for 6 weeks depending on pt age, bone condition, & mandible injury
extent
Disorders of Salivary Glands
Sialadentitis: bacterial/viral infection of salivary glands caused by dehydration, radiation
therapy, stress, malnutrition, salivary gland calculi, or improper oral hygiene
- Tx: Abx, massage, hydration, warm compresses, corticosteroids
- Chronic sialadenitis w/ uncontrolled pain is treated by surgical drainage of gland/excision
of gland & ducts
Parotitis: inflammation of parotid gland, most common salivary gland condition
- Parotids are the largest salivary glands
- Mumps: epidemic parotitis; communicable disease affecting kids & inflammation
- Pt elderly, acutely ill, debilitated w/ decreased salivary flow from general dehydration/
meds are at high risk for parotitis
- Onset of Strep is fever, swollen glands, ear pain, swollen glands interfere w/ swallowing,
skin becoming red & shiny
Oral Disorders
- Primary focus of mouth care is to lessen the amount of bacterial film that accumulated
on teeth, around gums, in saliva
- Brush teeth w/ soft brush 2x daily & hold at 45 degree angle, floss 1x daily, use anti
plaque mouth rinse, visit dentist q 6 mo., avoid alcohol/tobacco products, avoid sweets,
replace toothbrush q 2 mo.
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
- Originate in joint capsule/involve muscle tissue that surrounds joint support
Clinical Manifestations
- Pain w/ mastication/ pain in joint are common for TMJ
- Restricted jaw motion & locking of jaw
- clicking/grating noise & chewing & swallowing may be difficult
- MRI, XR, arthrogram may be performed
Medical Management
- Nonsurgical: occlusal guards are used w/ stress management to prevent further
deterioration of tooth surface & irritation of joint (ROM exercise w/ pain management
meds)
- Intraoral orthotics worn to reposition condyle head in joint space to normal,
relieves stress & pressure of joint on tissues
- Surgical: Rigid palate fixation is insertion of metal plates & screws into bone to stabilize
bone
- Wiring jaw shut for multiple weeks is used in case of jaw fracture & bone grafting
can be used to replace structural defects
Nursing Management
- No chewing food for 1-4 weeks postop, liquid diet recommended w/ diet counseling
- Pt should have wire cutters/scissors to release jaw if pt is vomiting
- Pt & family are instructed on how to cut the wires for d/c
- Rigid fixation remind for 6 weeks depending on pt age, bone condition, & mandible injury
extent
Disorders of Salivary Glands
Sialadentitis: bacterial/viral infection of salivary glands caused by dehydration, radiation
therapy, stress, malnutrition, salivary gland calculi, or improper oral hygiene
- Tx: Abx, massage, hydration, warm compresses, corticosteroids
- Chronic sialadenitis w/ uncontrolled pain is treated by surgical drainage of gland/excision
of gland & ducts
Parotitis: inflammation of parotid gland, most common salivary gland condition
- Parotids are the largest salivary glands
- Mumps: epidemic parotitis; communicable disease affecting kids & inflammation
- Pt elderly, acutely ill, debilitated w/ decreased salivary flow from general dehydration/
meds are at high risk for parotitis
- Onset of Strep is fever, swollen glands, ear pain, swollen glands interfere w/ swallowing,
skin becoming red & shiny
